干旱风沙区农村多维贫困地域分异机制研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.01.016

地理科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 149-156.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.01.016

干旱风沙区农村多维贫困地域分异机制研究

郑殿元¹(), 文琦², 黄晓军¹^,³^,^*()

1.西北大学城市与环境学院，陕西西安 710127
2.宁夏大学资源环境学院，宁夏银川 750021
3.陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室，陕西西安 710127

收稿日期:2019-11-04 修回日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2021-01-25 发布日期:2021-03-04
通讯作者: 黄晓军 E-mail:425237965@qq.com;huangxj@nwu.edu.cn
作者简介:郑殿元（1992-）男，山西大同人，博士研究生，主要从事城乡人地系统恢复力与适应性研究。E-mail: 425237965@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41971178);陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLESS201807)

The Regional Differentiation Mechanism of Rural Multidimensional Poverty in Arid Sandy Area

Zheng Dianyuan¹(), Wen Qi², Huang Xiaojun¹^,³^,^*()

1. School of Urban and Environment, Northwestern University, Xi’an 710127, Shaanxi, China
2. School of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
3. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China

Received:2019-11-04 Revised:2020-01-15 Online:2021-01-25 Published:2021-03-04
Contact: Huang Xiaojun E-mail:425237965@qq.com;huangxj@nwu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971178);Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Open Foundation(SKLESS201807)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用A-F法测度多维贫困，结合热点分析、地理探测器和主成分分析等方法对干旱风沙区进行农村多维贫困地域分异系统剖析。结果表明:① 农村多维贫困发生率为14.73%，住房、教育和发展维度贡献率分别高达32.25%，23.94%，15.98%，收入已不再是主要致贫维度；② 村域多维贫困表现出集中连片性和地域差异性，南部山区为热点区域，北部扬黄灌区和塬区为冷点区域；③ 深度贫困地区影响MPI地域分异的主导因素为村庄区位条件、自然环境和资源禀赋；④ 农村多维贫困呈现出自然环境限制农户发展，地理区位影响群体福利，资源丰度约束农业生产的地域分异机制。为了缓解区域多维贫困，亟需推进城乡公共服务均等化和融合发展。

关键词: 农村, 多维贫困, 地域分异, 干旱风沙区

Abstract:

The study uses A-F method to measure multidimensional poverty, and makes a systematic analysis of its regional differentiation by hot spot analysis, geographic detector and principal component analysis. The results showed: 1) Rural multidimensional poverty rate is 14.73%. The main poverty causing dimensions of farmers were housing, education and development, with contribution rates of 32.25%, 23.94% and 15.98%, respectively. 2) Rural multidimensional poverty shows the concentrated contiguous nature and regional difference. The hot area is located in the southern mountain area, and the cold area is located in the Yanghuang irrigation area and tableland area in the north. 3) The surface slope, village location conditions, altitude and arable land per capita area are the leading factors affecting of MPI regional differentiation, and the q value of the determining force is respectively 0.51, 0.44, 0.41 and 0.34. 4) Under the mutual combination and action of various factors, the poverty-stricken area of countryside present a regional differentiation mechanism in which the natural environment restricts the development of farmers, geographical location affects the welfare of groups, and resource abundance restricts agricultural production. To alleviate the regional multidimensional poverty, need to strive to promote the development of urban and rural public service equalization and fusion.

Key words: rural, multidimensional poverty, regional differentiation, arid sandy area

中图分类号:

K901.2

郑殿元, 文琦, 黄晓军. 干旱风沙区农村多维贫困地域分异机制研究[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(1): 149-156.

Zheng Dianyuan, Wen Qi, Huang Xiaojun. The Regional Differentiation Mechanism of Rural Multidimensional Poverty in Arid Sandy Area[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(1): 149-156.

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维度	指标	权重	指标描述
a收入维度	a₁家庭人均纯收入	1/10	≤2 800元，赋值为1，否为0
	a₂收入来源是否稳定	1/10	不稳定，赋值为1，否为0
b教育维度	b₁家庭劳动力平均受教育年限	1/10	≤6 a，赋值为1，否为0
	b₂儿童入学	1/10	0~16岁儿童辍学，赋值为1，否为0
c健康维度	c₁购买新型农村合作医疗保险	1/10	未购买赋值为1，否为0
	c₂家庭成员患病能否负担医疗费用	1/10	无法负担，赋值为1，否为0
d住房维度	d₁安全住房	1/5	无安全住房或人均住房面积≤9 m²，赋值为1，否为0
e生活维度	e₁饮水安全	1/10	无安全饮水，赋值为1，否为0
f发展维度	f₁家中大型耐用消费品	1/20	无大型农机具、轿车、货车等，赋值为1，否为0
	f₂家庭拥有劳动能力	1/20	劳动力占比≤1/3，赋值为1，否为0

指标	成分1	成分2	成分3
X₁	0.300	-0.461	0.765
X₂	0.266	0.796	-0.055
X₃	-0.195	0.701	0.456
X₄	0.668	-0.273	-0.084
X₅	0.856	-0.073	0.111
X₆	0.811	0.035	-0.399
X₇	-0.759	-0.367	-0.209

	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇
X₁	0.4422
X₂	0.7418	0.1652
X₃	0.8339	0.7506	0.3585
X₄	0.9142	0.7722	0.9503	0.3400
X₅	0.9227	0.7806	0.9569	0.9045	0.4094
X₆	0.8730	0.8883	0.8095	0.7356	0.8935	0.5058
X₇	0.9552	0.7550	0.9599	0.7848	0.6892	0.7366	0.3138

干旱风沙区农村多维贫困地域分异机制研究

The Regional Differentiation Mechanism of Rural Multidimensional Poverty in Arid Sandy Area

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