泾河流域上游景观尺度植被类型对水文过程的影响
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张淑兰, 张海军, 王彦辉, 于澎涛, 徐丽宏, 熊伟
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Influence of Vegetation Type on Hydrological Process at Landscape Scale in the Upper Reaches of Jinghe Basin
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Shu-lan ZHANG, Hai-jun ZHANG, Yan-hui WANG, Peng-tao YU, Li-hong XU, Wei XIONG
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| 表2 泾河流域上游景观尺度下不同区域、不同植被类型对水量平衡分量的作用 |
| Table 2 Effects of different vegetation in different areas on the components of water balance at landscape scale in the upstream of Jinghe Basin |
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| 分类 | 区 域 | 植被类型 | 降水量
(mm) | 蒸散量
(mm) | 蒸散组分 | 径流
(mm) | 径流组分 | 深层
渗漏
(mm) | 土壤蒸发
(mm) | | 植被蒸腾
(mm) | 冠层截留
(mm) | 地表产流
(mm) | 壤中流
(mm) | | 森林 | 黄土区 | 灌木林 | 513.9 | 499.4 | 254.4 | 184.8 | 60.1 | 8.5 | 0.0 | 8.5 | -5.3 | | 刺槐林 | 514.4 | 504.7 | 197.4 | 194.0 | 113.4 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 6.0 | -15.9 | | 土石山区 | 灌木林 | 592.7 | 427.0 | 190.1 | 171.2 | 65.6 | 52.0 | 0.4 | 51.6 | 106.7 | | 辽东栎林 | 580.2 | 527.5 | 192.8 | 248.6 | 86.1 | 20.8 | 0.2 | 20.5 | 35.8 | | 桦树林 | 599 | 522.4 | 160.3 | 268.2 | 94.0 | 41.4 | 0.3 | 41.1 | 39.7 | | 山杨林 | 593 | 522.9 | 182.3 | 228.9 | 111.7 | 35.9 | 0.3 | 35.6 | 39.0 | | 华山松、油松林 | 598.6 | 478.2 | 138.5 | 228.1 | 111.7 | 32.8 | 0.2 | 32.6 | 87.6 | | 华北落叶松林 | 595.5 | 514.1 | 177.5 | 219.8 | 116.8 | 23.7 | 0.4 | 23.3 | 62.8 | | 农田 | 黄土区 | 塬地麦田 | 512.5 | 455.8 | 238.2 | 185.6 | 32.0 | 8.2 | 6.6 | 1.6 | 48.5 | | 坡式梯田麦田 | 517.4 | 442.1 | 242.0 | 169.9 | 30.1 | 17.6 | 10.8 | 6.8 | 57.9 | | 川地麦田 | 514.1 | 470.1 | 231.8 | 201.6 | 36.7 | 5.3 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 38.7 | | 玉米田 | 514.8 | 466.6 | 193.0 | 232.5 | 41.1 | 13.6 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 35.0 | | 土石山区 | 山地梯田麦田 | 585.4 | 426.2 | 263.6 | 142.9 | 19.7 | 18.9 | 8.3 | 10.5 | 140.4 | | 草地 | 黄土区 | 黄土草地 | 513.9 | 395.3 | 298.6 | 84.6 | 12.1 | 16.8 | 10.4 | 6.4 | 102.8 | | 土石山区 | 山地草地 | 591.2 | 373.5 | 306.5 | 48.0 | 19.0 | 119.3 | 8.7 | 110.6 | 98.4 | | 其他 | | 水域 | 550.3 | 985.0 | 985.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 547.3 | 547.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | | 居民地 | 527.1 | 117.8 | 117.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 406.1 | 152.6 | 253.5 | 3.2 |
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