Abstract: In view of ensuring food safety and realizing sustainable development of agriculture, the problems of effective utilization of agricultural resoruces (EUAR) are being followed with interest by the government and academic circles of China. The author carries out discussion about some much needed theroretical and methodological problems of EUAR research. The paper includes some sections as follows. Firstly, the author defines the conception of agricultural resources,and divides agricultural resources into two parts. Agricultural natural resources include climatic resources, soil resources, water resources, biological resources and land resources, etc. And agricultural social economic resources include man made materials, labor force, science and technology, information, management, etc. Secondly, the author discusses and corrects the measurement standards of EUAR. Those corrected standards include: economizing resources and increasing utilization and output ratio of resources; using effectively resources, and meeting the needs of agricultural products; increasing the input output benefits of agricultural production; not polluting environment, and keeping agricultural ecologicalenvironment of high quality; not bringing about the retro gradation of resources, and utilizing sustainable resources. Thirdly, the author expounds the targets and contents of EUAR appraisement around the measurement standards of EUAR. Fourthly, the author puts forward some basic ways of EUAR evaluation, which include index methods, model methods and regional methods. Lastly, the paper offers some proposals of promoting the effective utility evaluation of agricultural resources in China.