In the context of cultural and tourism integration, cultural experience and dissemina-tion in tourism activities play a vital role in enhancing cultural confidence. During develop-ment, some tourist destinations encounter a misalignment between their projected image and the image perceived by tourists, which has an impact on tourists'cultural experience and emotional connection. Existing research in the fields of tourism geography and cultural geography mainly explores the 'sense of place', 'symbolism', and 'emotional resonance' of cultural memory and their influencing factors. However, there is a lack of in-depth analysis focusing on the 'mysti-cism' cultural core represented by museum-type tourist attractions and its compatibility with tourist demands from both supply and demand perspectives. To examine the congruence be-tween the officially projected image and the tourist-perceived image of the Sanxingdui Mu-seum, this study compiles a research dataset consisting of 10329 tourist reviews from plat-forms such as Ctrip and Qunar spanning from August 1st, 2023 to July 30th, 2025. The paper formulates a four-dimensional analytical framework：'cultural symbol type-supply presentation level-demand experience level-matching value'. Using network text analysis and integrating the dual perspectives of the 'official projected image' and the 'tourist-perceived image', it systemat-ically evaluates the communication efficacy and matching degree of the Sanxingdui Museum's tourist image. The ROST CM6 software is employed as an analytical instrument. First, a statist-ical analysis of high-frequency words extracted from the officially projected image and the tourist-perceived image is conducted to identify their respective focal points. Second, a social network analysis is conducted, where node size represents the centrality of high-frequency words, and edge connections indicate the logical associations between words. Finally, emotion-al sentiment in tourist evaluations is quantified to differentiate positive, neutral, and negative emotions and their intensities, providing a basis for the emotional analysis in subsequent match-ing assessments. This process reveals the disparities between the projected and perceived im-ages of the Sanxingdui Museum. The findings indicate that：1）Among the four major cultural themes associated with the museum exhibits, namely the origins of the Ancient Shu civilization, the religious-sacrificial power system, the superposition of divine and royal authority, and the regional cultural landscape. The official positioning of the origins of the Ancient Shu civiliza-tion is highly aligned with tourists'perceptions. Tourist perceptions of the religious-sacrificial power system are close to the official interpretations, indicating a moderate level of alignment. However, there is a curiosity-driven bias in tourists'perceptions of the superposition of divine and royal power, while awareness of the regional cultural landscape remains notably weak. Both reflect a low level of alignment. 2）In terms of cultural presentation approaches, tourists heavily rely on traditional guided tours. Permanent exhibitions inadequately convey deeper cul-tural values, and technology-assisted displays receive limited attention. 3）Tourist experiences are predominantly positive. Negative emotions mainly stem from dissatisfaction with ancillary services and the inconsistent quality of guided tours, suggesting a direct relationship between service provision and emotional tendencies. Finally, targeted measures and recommendations are proposed to enhance tourists'cultural experience at the museum.

Photosynthetically active radiation（PAR）is a crucial climatic factor determining ve-getation photosynthetic efficiency and plays a key role in forest productivity and the terrestrial carbon cycle, directly influencing carbon assimilation processes. However, the relatively short duration of instrumental observations limits our understanding of its long-term variability, espe-cially in mountainous regions where observational records are scarce. The Shennongjia region, designated as a UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme reserve, hosts unique mountain ecosystems, where variations in PAR not only directly influence local ecological processes but also reflect the long-term impacts of climate change on montane ecosystems. In this study, we developed tree-ring chronologies of ring width（RW）, earlywood blue intensity（EWBI）, late-wood blue intensity（LWBI）, and delta blue intensity（DBI）from Abies fargesii in the Shen-nongjia region. These chronologies were combined with monthly mean precipitation, air temperature, cloud cover, and PAR data spanning 1984-2024 to examine the relationships between tree-ring parameters and climate variables for individual months and all possible combinations of consec-utive months from September of the previous year to October of the growing season year, al-lowing the assessment of both lagged and cumulative climatic effects. The results indicate that delta blue intensity exhibits a significant positive correlation with PAR in August of the current year（r=0.77, P< 0.01）, suggesting a strong sensitivity of DBI to radiation variability during the late growing season. Based on this relationship, a regression model was developed to reconstruct PAR variability for the period 1812-2024. The reconstructed series explains 58.85％of the variance in the adjusted remotely sensed PAR data（adjusted R²）, indicating a reliable reconstruction with good pre-dictive skill. During the reliable period 1904-2024, PAR shows pronounced interannual variability, while no statistically significant long-term trend was detected（P> 0.05）. This study represents the first application of delta blue intensity for PAR reconstruction, demonstrating its strong poten-tial for investigating long-term variations in radiation-related climatic variables. The findings provide new insights into ecosystem productivity changes in the Shennongjia region and offer a useful reference for similar mountainous environments.

Under the background of ongoing tourismization in traditional villages, the protec-tion of the authenticity and the living transmission of intangible cultural heritage（ICH）face persistent and multifaceted challenges. Traditional village residents, as the core agents of living ICH transmission, play a critical role in sustaining the vitality of cultural heritage, and their emotional attachments to local heritage are of great significance for the sustainable develop-ment of ICH. In response, this study constructs an analytical framework of "ICH resilience-emotional hierarchy" for traditional village residents, and establishes a three-dimen-sional measurement system that encompasses resistance, adaptability, and innovativeness. Tak-ing Huangdu Dong Ethnic Culture Village as a case study, the research systematically analyzes the characteristics of residents'emotional resilience. The empirical findings are as follows： 1）The overall level of ICH emotional resilience among Huangdu Village residents is assessed as relatively high, although substantial intra-community heterogeneity and significant inter-indi-vidual disparities are evident across the village's socio-spatial fabric. 2）A distinct gradient hier-archy structures residents'ICH emotions：Instinctive Emotion, demonstrates the greatest intens-ity, followed by Behavioral Emotion manifested in routine cultural practice, whereas Reflective Emotion, tied to conscious critical appraisal, remains comparatively underdeveloped. 3）Among the three resilience dimensions, Innovation Emotion, which signals adaptive capacity and creat-ive agency within tourism settings, exhibits the highest intensity, succeeded by Adaptation Emotion, while Resistance Emotion, the protective sentiment against external disruption, emerges as the most fragile and vulnerable dimension. 4）Furthermore, group-based differences in ICH emotional resilience are pronounced, exhibiting significant correlations with socio-demographic attributes and place-based relational factors, notably occupation, age cohort, and the depth of kinship and territorial rootedness. The analysis of the driving mechanism indicates that the evolution of ICH emotional resilience of Huangdu Village residents is essentially a product of the reconstruction of rural human-land relationships, and a continuous process of ad-aptation between the residents and the village space, as well as the ICH culture. By foreground-ing the emotional geographies and affective interactions of residents within heritage landscapes, this study contributes a nuanced, resident-centered emotional evidence base essential for ICH conservation and transmission policies. Moreover, it provides critical insights and actionable references for implementing emotional governance strategies and fostering socially sustainable planning practices in the context of tourism development within traditional village environ-ments.

Permafrost covers approximately 20%-25% of the global land surface, playing a critical role in hydrological regulation and geomorphic stability in high-latitude regions, while storing nearly half of the world's soil organic carbon. Climate warming and fire disturbances are the primary drivers of permafrost degradation in the Northern Hemisphere, leading to the re-lease of organic carbon sequestered in frozen soils into the atmosphere, creating a positive feed-back loop that exacerbates global warming. Moreover, temperature increases in high-latitude re-gions significantly outpace those in other parts of the Northern Hemisphere, further intensify-ing permafrost degradation. Formation and expansion of thermokarst lakes and ponds（TLP）are among the most direct indicators of permafrost degradation. The evolutionary lifecycle of TLP typically encompasses four main stages：formation, expansion, stabilization, and decline. Their evolution is influenced by multiple factors, including permafrost type, vegetation characterist-ics, and atmospheric temperature changes, resulting in distinct evolutionary patterns across dif-ferent regions. With the accelerating trend of climate warming in high-latitude areas, coupled with frequent wildfires in boreal forests and potential ecosystem shifts due to permafrost de-gradation, there is an urgent need to clarify the short-term and long-term impacts of global cli-mate warming and fire disturbances on the formation and evolution of TLP. The northern part of the Da Hinggan Mountains, located at the southern margin of the Eurasian permafrost zone, is China's only mid-to-high latitude permafrost region. In recent decades, permafrost degrada-tion in this area has significantly intensified due to climate warming, wildfires, and human activities. This study focuses on the "May 6" catastrophic forest fire in the northern part of Hei-longjiang Province's Da Hinggan Mountains, one of the largest wildfires in modern Chinese history. Using remote sensing imagery, TLP were extracted from both the burned area and an adjacent unburned area of equal size, and their spatiotemporal changes were analyzed. The evolutionary processes of TLP in the Da Hinggan Mountains were also examined. The results indicate that：1）Fire disturbances accelerate the formation and expansion of TLP, with effects encompassing both short-term pulse impacts and long-term cumulative impacts. 2）Under the combined influence of climate warming and wildfires, the area of TLP in the permafrost region of the Da Hinggan Mountains has significantly increased over the past 36 years. However, due to the short-term pulse effect, small and medium-sized TLP in the burned area expanded rap-idly within four years post-fire, while the annual change rate in the unburned area remained rel-atively stable. Additionally, due to the long-term cumulative effects of fire disturbances, the ex-pansion of TLP in the burned area significantly exceeds that in the unburned area. The primary characteristic of TLP changes in both areas is the expansion of small TLP, with medium-sized TLP exhibiting the strongest response to fire disturbances. 3）Unlike evolutionary mechanisms of TLP in continuous permafrost zones of the Arctic hinterland, the decline of TLP in the Da Hinggan Mountains is primarily driven by drainage and sediment accumulation. Consequently, lifecycle of TLP in this region, from formation to disappearance, is relatively short, exhibiting rapid evolutionary dynamics. This study elucidates characteristics of TLP changes and influ-ence of wildfire disturbances on TLP at the southern margin of permafrost regions, providing a novel perspective for understanding permafrost degradation in China.

In response to the current bottlenecks in China's territorial space planning in deal-ing with extreme flood events, such as lagging response, incomplete control systems, and insuf-ficient land guarantee for disaster prevention, this paper aims to explore the optimization path of comprehensive disaster prevention planning. Taking the Hetao Area in Shenzhen as the ob-ject, by sorting out the transmission relationship of disaster prevention planning at all levels of territorial space, it is proposed to integrate the "high-risk disaster avoidance zone" into the "three zones and three lines" control system. The study utilized the data from the first national comprehensive risk census of natural disasters to assess the flood risk in the Hetao area. The study precisely identified the high-risk points within the Hetao area and constructed an optim-ized disaster prevention design plan from four dimensions：spatial resilience, infrastructure for-tification, land composite utilization, and multi-level sponge systems. Specifically, this multi-dimensional approach effectively tackles the scarcity of disaster-prevention land by transform-ing rigid, single-use urban spaces into flexible safety buffers. It shifts the traditional passive re-sponse model into a proactive spatial intervention. This optimization strategy achieves a deep coupling of disaster risk control and the spatial planning base map, significantly enhancing the comprehensive resilience of high-density urban areas in response to super-standard floods, providing a scientific empirical reference for disaster prevention and mitigation planning in similar regions in China.

Based on county-level data in China from 2000 to 2020, this study employs the coupling coordination degree model to measure the level of coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction and examines its regional differences and spatiotemporal evolution. Us-ing the STIRPAT model, panel quantile regression is further applied to quantify the differenti-ated and dynamic impacts of socioeconomic and natural factors on the coordination of pollu-tion reduction and carbon reduction at the county level. The results show that during the study period, the level of coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction in Chinese counties exhibited a continuous decline, and regional disparities expanded over time. The co-ordination level shows significant spatial autocorrelation across counties. High-high spatial ag-glomerations display a contiguous distribution pattern, whereas low-low spatial agglomerations are relatively few in number and exhibit a scattered distribution pattern. Population size, per capita GDP, and industrial value added exert inhibitory effects on the coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, whereas fiscal revenue, patent applications, and the normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI）exert significant positive effects on the coordination of pol-lution reduction and carbon reduction. The coordination level exhibits a U-shaped nonlinear re-lationship with economic development. Fiscal revenue in counties with low and medium co-ordination levels improves the coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. The ef-fects of the influencing factors on the coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction exhibit spatial heterogeneity. Population size shows a negative correlation with the coordina-tion of pollution reduction and carbon reduction in most counties. Vegetation coverage plays a significant role in promoting the coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction in north China and east China. Regions with higher ventilation coefficient（VC）facilitate the dif-fusion of pollutants; however, the effect remains limited in northwestern China.

Based on survey data collected in the Donghu High-Tech Zone of Wuhan, this study constructs a structural equation model with residential and workplace built environments as well as social networks as core explanatory variables, aiming to examine their impacts on mi-grants'behavioral adaptation and psychological integration. It also explores heterogeneity across population subgroups. The findings reveal：1）The overall urban integration among the surveyed migrants is moderately high, with behavioral adaptation exceeding psychological in-tegration; female and older-generation migrants exhibit higher levels of integration. 2）Built en-vironment characteristics such as residential leisure facility density and land-use mix signific-antly affect behavioral adaptation, while residential street betweenness and workplace building density influence psychological integration. 3）Both the size and structure of social networks in destination city significantly promote urban integration. Social networks also play a mediating role between the built environment and urban integration, with stronger mediation effects ob-served for psychological integration. 4）The effects of the built environment are more pro-nounced among female and older-generation migrants, highlighting the importance of differen-tiated spatial planning and social interventions. Policy recommendations include optimizing res-idential and workplace environments, enhancing functional zoning and transportation design in communities, facilitating migrants'social capital accumulation, and adopting group-specific strategies to foster urban inclusiveness.

The fragmentation degree of the coastline is an important indicator characterizing the continuity of the natural coastline and the intensive utilization degree of the artificial coast-line, which is of great significance for realizing the protection and restoration, intensive utiliza-tion, and comprehensive management of the coastline. Based on the Landsat series of remote sensing images, this study extracted the continental coastline of Shandong Province from 1984 to 2020, and constructed a coastline fragmentation index based on the landscape fragmentation degree and the coastline diversity index to conduct an analysis of the scale effect and spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the fragmentation degree of the continental coastline of Shandong Province from 1984 to 2020.Finally, the correlation characteristics between the coastline fragmentation degree and the artificialization rate of the coastline were analyzed. The research shows that：1）There is an exponential relationship between the continental coastline of Shandong Province and the observed scale, and 5 km is an ideal scale to study the fragmenta-tion characteristics of the continental coastline of Shandong Province. 2）In the past 36 years, the fragmentation degree of the continental coastline in Shandong Province fluctuated between 0.2256 and 0.3195 , with a high degree in the eastern and southern regions and a low degree in the western regions. During this period, the coastline fragmentation increased significantly in the southeast of Qingdao, the east and south of Weihai, and the southeast of Rizhao. 3）The coastline fragmentation degree of the three typical coasts in Shandong Province is shown as the bedrock coast being higher than the sandy coast and the muddy coast. Coastal geomorphology, nearshore hydrodynamic environment, and human construction activities are the main factors affecting the coastline morphology and fragmentation degree. 4）There are many scenarios in the correlation between shoreline fragmentation and shoreline artificial rate, and the analysis of the correlation characteristics provides a basis for the work of claim-compensation balance. This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for the work of coastline renovation and res-toration and the implementation of the requisition-compensation balance system.

Based on firm-level and industrial chain perspectives, this study employs methods such as standard deviational ellipse and QAP regression analysis to examine the spatiotemporal patterns, industry structure, and influencing factors of global shipping company mergers and ac-quisitions from 1997 to 2024. The results indicate that：1）Global shipping M＆A events are concentrated in Europe, East and Southeast Asia, Central America, and North America, with significant yearly fluctuations in their number. 2）Both acquirers and targets exhibit a clear "northwest-southeast" orientation in their standard deviational ellipses, with their centers of distribution shifting continuously southeastward, though the spatial pattern of targets changes more gradually. 3）The industrial structure of global shipping M＆A continues to adjust, show-ing an extension and integration trend along the shipping industrial chain. Freight and passen-ger shipping segments display distinct structural characteristics in M＆A activities. 4）M＆As are more likely to occur between countries and regions that are geographically proximate, lin-guistically similar, economically close, and have comparable shipping network connectivity, yet exhibit significant disparities in shipping scale and external dependence. Furthermore, the ship-ping M＆A network demonstrates notable investment inertia and path dependence.

In order to provide data support for the effective protection and rational develop-ment and utilization of rare and endangered protected plants in Xinjiang. The list of rare and en-dangered protected plants in Xinjiang was determined through data query and specimen retriev-al, and the species diversity and geographical distribution pattern were analyzed. The distribu-tion hotspots of rare and endangered protected plants in Xinjiang were determined by screening algorithm. The results show that：1）There are a total of 294 species of rare and endangered pro-tected plants in Xinjiang, belonging to 58 families and 151 genera. Among them 1 species of al-gae from 1 family and 1 genus, 1 species of fungi from 1 family and 1 genus, 4 species of lyco-pods and ferns from 4 families and 4 genera, 12 species of gymnosperms from 3 familiesand 5 genera, 276 species of angiosperms from 49 families and 140 genera. 2）The distribution of rare and endangered protected plants in Xinjiang is highly uneven, with significantly higher rich-ness in northern Xinjiang than in southern Xinjiang. The Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture has the highest richness. 3）The vertical distribution of rare and endangered protected plantsranges from -100 to 5800 m in Xinjiang, and the number of species increases firstand then decreases with the increaseof elevation. Its vertical distribution pattern is unimodal with the highest spe-cies richness at the altitude of 1900 m to 2000 m. 4）When the cumulative number of species reaches 75%, a total of 4 hotspot counties are screened out, with 239 species of rare and en-dangered protected plants. Overall, rare and endangered protected plant species in Xinjiang are relatively abundant, but due to poor habitat and climate, some species are affected by human activities, they face a high risk of extinction. According to the research results, it is proposed to focus on the current status of wild plants with extremely small populations and increase protect-ive measures such as natural protected areas.

Realizing the benign interaction between urban-rural integrated development and rural human settlements is the inevitable path to further promote the all-round revitalization of rural areas. By constructing a coupling coordination mechanism framework for urban-rural in-tegrated development and rural human settlements, this study empirically analyzes the coupling coordination characteristics and spatial linkages of urban-rural integrated development and rur-al human settlements in 31 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2021, using the coupling coordina-tion model, spatial gravity model, and social network analysis. The results show that：1）During the study period, the comprehensive levels of urban-rural integrated development and rural hu-man settlements in China both exhibited an upward trend, presenting a stepped spatial distribu-tion pattern of "high in the eastern and central regions and low in the western region". 2）The temporal evolution of their coupling coordination level experienced a process of initial decline followed by recovery, with significant regional polarization. Spatial agglomeration characterist-ics emerged：eastern, central and southern China tended toward high-quality coordination; northeast and north China toward basic coordination; and southwest and northwest China to-ward maladjusted development. 3）The internal differences in the spatial linkage network of their coupling coordination have been increasing, accompanied by growing disequilibrium and a "Matthew effect". Spatially, strong linkage potential zones agglomerated in a "pocket shape" along the southeast coast, while western regions such as Xinjiang, Ningxia and Qinghai re-mained long-term low-value zones of linkage potential, showing a certain degree of low-value solidification. Spatial correlation featured "reliance on proximity and avoidance of distant neighbors". 4）In terms of spatial network structure, the coupling coordination of the two sys-tems has formed relatively stable network linkages, yet the network structure is relatively loose and its compactness needs to be improved. Provinces in eastern and central China exert strong spatial spillover and intermediary effects in the linkage network, whereas provinces in southw-est and northwest China are in a dominated position.

This study aims to investigate how environmental regulations affect the green effi-ciency of water resources in tourism, and to verify whether technological innovation plays a mediating role in this relationship. Using panel data from 31 provincial-level administrative re-gions in China from 2012 to 2021 （excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan due to incom-plete and inconsistent statistics）, this study first introduces the tourism grey water footprint and constructs an evaluation index system for the green efficiency of water resources in tourism. The slack-based measure（SBM）model is employed to measure the green efficiency of water resources in tourism. Then, with environmental regulation as the core explanatory variable, a fixed-effect panel regression model is constructed to examine its direct impact on tourism's green water efficiency. Furthermore, a mediating effect model is adopted to explore the trans-mission mechanism, with technological innovation as the mediating variable. A series of robust-ness tests are conducted to ensure the reliability of the estimation results. The results show that： 1）The overall level of green efficiency of water resources in China's tourism industry is moder-ate, with an annual average value of 0.475 during 2012-2021, showing a steady upward trend. Sig-nificant regional disparities exist among eastern, central and western China, presenting a concave pat-tern characterized by'lower in the central region and higher in the eastern and western regions'. 2）Environmental regulation has a significant positive effect on the green efficiency of water re-sources in tourism, and this result is robust after controlling for industrial structure, population size, resource endowment and other variables. Regional heterogeneity tests show that environ-mental regulation plays a significant role in central and western China, while the effect is not significant in eastern China. 3）Technological innovation plays a partial mediating role in the process whereby environmental regulation promotes the green efficiency of water resources in tourism. Environmental regulation stimulates the innovation compensation effect, encouraging tourism-related enterprises to carry out technological innovation, and such innovation further improves the green efficiency of water use in tourism. Environmental regulation can directly and significantly improve the green efficiency of water resources in tourism, and indirectly en-hance such efficiency by promoting technological innovation. The implementation intensity and policy effects of environmental regulation vary across regions. It is recommended that eastern regions focus on high-quality innovation-driven development, while central and western re-gions should strengthen environmental regulation intensity and optimize policy implementation. Promoting coordinated improvement of environmental regulation and technological innovation is an effective path to upgrade the green efficiency of water resources in tourism and realize the high-quality and sustainable development of tourism.

In the context of globalization and the ensuing wave of cross-border migration, the birthplace diversity of high-skilled talents in destination countries（regions）has increasingly be-come a critical external driver of knowledge recombination. However, existing literature primarily focuses on the direct effects of talent mobility or the absolute scale of immigrants, largely neglecting the relationship between the birthplace diversity of immigrants and the host country's breakthrough technological innovation. Moreover, there is a lack of deep exploration into the complex mechanisms and internal structural features underlying this diversity variable. Based on the OECD REGPAT database and global high-skilled bilateral migration data, this pa-per systematically reveals the spatial distribution and evolutionary trends of talent birthplace di-versity and breakthrough innovation. Utilizing a cross-national panel dataset, we empirically examine the impact of high-skilled talent birthplace diversity on the accumulation of break-through innovation in destination countries, addressing potential endogeneity through a Two-Stage Least Squares（2SLS）approach with an instrumental variable based on the gravity model. The findings include：1）The global spatial patterns of breakthrough innovation and internation-al high-skilled talent flows have evolved significantly, showing a strongly interrelated trend. 2）The birthplace diversity of high-skilled talents significantly promotes breakthrough technolo-gical innovation in destination countries. Diverse talent pools facilitate this by introducing het-erogeneous knowledge, broadening the local knowledge base, and fostering a vibrant innovat-ive atmosphere. 3）The knowledge proximity among source countries exerts a crucial non-lin-ear moderating effect on the relationship between talent diversity and breakthrough innovation. Specifically, the innovation premium of diversity reaches its peak at a moderate level of know-ledge proximity. This helps explain the mixed results in existing diversity studies：excessive knowledge proximity leads to information redundancy, while excessively low proximity escal-ates cross-group communication barriers and trust costs, thereby weakening the knowledge combination effect. This study confirms the positive role of talent birthplace diversity on break-through innovation and innovatively supplements the evaluation of diversity's internal structure through the lens of knowledge proximity. It provides significant policy implications for countries-especially emerging economies seeking technological catch-up-suggesting a shift from merely focusing on talent scale to optimizing the "structural complementarity" of imported talents, and cultivating an inclusive "diverse integration" ecosystem to minimize cultural barriers and avoid knowledge enclaves.

In this study, 115 resource-based cities were selected as cases, and an evaluation index system of potential, correlation and resilience was constructed based on the adaptive cycle theory. On the basis of analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of three-dimensional attributes, the evolution stages of resource-based cities were identified, and then the evolution characteristics of each stage were analyzed. The results show that: 1) The growth of potential, correlation and resilience of resource-based cities shows a phased evolution feature of “slow growth in the early stage and rapid growth in the later stage”. But there are significant differences in spatial distribution; Among them, the spatial dispersion of potential is obvious, the correlation shows a decreasing trend from the southeast coast to the northwest inland, and the resilience shows a spatial agglomeration characteristic of “coastal and river”. 2) Under the comprehensive action of internal and external factors, the development and evolution of resource- based cities are in the stages of exploitation-conservation, conservation-release, releasereorganization in the adaptive cycle. The cities in exploitation-conservation stage are mainly growth-oriented and mature ones, mainly located in energy rich areas, such as Shanxi, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. The cities in conservation-release stage are mainly declining ones, concentrated in the old industrial base of northeast China. The cities in release-reorganization stage cover all types and are mainly distributed in the eastern part of the Hu-Huanyong Line. 3) The different stages correspond to different development and evolution characteristics.The cities in the exploitation-consrvation stage have obvious path dependence and extension characteristics, and their potential, correlation and resilience are on the rise; In the process of development, problems such as economic recession, environmental deterioration and population contraction occur in the exploitation-release stage, and the three-dimensional attribute value of the cities is in a declining trend. In the release-reorganization stage, the cities realize the renewal and reorganization of the elements, forming a new development path, and its three-dimensional attribute value recovers after the decline.

A precise comprehension of the spatiotemporal evolutionary regularities and integrated paradigms inherent in population structure serves as a pivotal cornerstone for the formulation of urban development strategies and comprehensive spatial planning frameworks. Existing studies rarely identify the comprehensive populated mode of megametropolitan areas from a multi-dimensional population perspective based on a micro scale. Therefore, based on the data of multiple population types from 2010 to 2020, this study adopts methods such as spatial analysis and composite index methods to conduct research on the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and the comprehensive populated mode in Beijing. The research shows that:1) Beijing has formed three new types of circular zones, including the outflow areas of young migrant populations, the inflow areas of young highly educated people, and the areas where the aging population is increasing with the inflow of the elderly and the outflow of the young. 2) The first area is concentrated within the urban area, which is mainly attributed to the transformation and rational layout of regional industries. 3) The second area is concentrated in the suburban areas and shows a circular distribution pattern. Taking industrial transfer and improving the construction of high-quality public service facilities is an effective way to guide the targeted flow of young highly educated people. 4) The third area is concentrated in the far suburban areas and has the characteristic of clustered distribution. There are obvious weaknesses in the regional industrial structure and economic benefits, but these areas possess unique ecological environmental conditions that bring excellent suitability for the elderly. This paper helps to deepen the understanding of the spatial distribution patterns and evolutionary models of population structure in megacities. The study confirms that the population distribution in megacities has gradually shifted from a stage of central agglomeration to a stage of suburban decentralization. Meanwhile, through a multi-dimensional analysis, this research identifies the integrated model of spatial evolution in population structure, offering a more comprehensive perspective for examining the spatial distribution of urban population structure. Furthermore, the findings contribute to exploring the formation mechanisms underlying the spatial evolution of population in megacities. The research outcomes are poised to afford a robust scientific underpinning for guiding the rational demographic distribution and for selecting contextually high-quality urban spatial development paradigms that are commensurate with local geographical, socioeconomic, and ecological contexts.

Situated at the intersection of Geography of Art and the anthropology of painting, this study explores the dynamic development and cultural logic of Shuicheng peasant paintings in Guizhou, focusing on local inscription, landscape storytelling, and the reproduction of cultur-al space. This article based on the deep interview and participatory observations, it analyzes how Shuicheng peasant painting constructs place sense, reconstitutes aesthetic values and turns cultural meanings to economic capital under modernization and marketization pressure through the analysis of drawing and visual symbol, and finds that, first, Shuicheng peasant paintings mainly depict local life, ethnic customs and agricultural labor, condensing the characteristics of regional into special flat and symbolically visual form. Second, by using stylization of colors and composition of pictures, Shuicheng peasant paintings strengthen rural memories and local identifications, build an ideal image of home and thus express a sense of place, and show emo-tional attachment. Third, the creation of Shuicheng peasant paintings is influenced by the inter-play of personal emotions, the market and dominant ideologies, reflecting the network of power relations among the artists, the policymakers and market intermediaries. Fourth, in the context of commodification, the cultural symbols of Shuicheng peasant paintings are also converted in-to economic value, promoting the development of local cultural industries, but also leading to the tension between artistic originality and commercial adaptation. It argues that Shuicheng peasant paintings are not merely a picture copy of the rural landscape and the folk life, but a culture area where emotion, memory and social interaction coexist. It is theoretically, extend-ing the analytical framework of art geography by incorporating sense of place and production of space, showing how art practices participate in the reconstitution of local identity and the cre-ation of cultural capital. In terms of empirical example, the Shuicheng case shows how vernacu-lar art operates as a repository of cultural memory and a medium of local self-expression under a globalized situation. In sum, Shuicheng peasant paintings are an example of the spatial logic of contemporary Chinese rural art: They make lived experiences into visual stories of place-making, negotiate local-rootedness and external-consumption, and contribute to rearticulating regional identity in a changing cultural landscape. This study provides new insights on the spa-tial production and cultural-geographic meanings of vernacular art, enriching the understanding of the localization and globalization of Chinese rural creativity.

Based on the questionnaire survey data of older adults and residents’ committees in 21 dilapidated communities (out of 30 sampled communities) in Guangzhou in 2023 and multisource geospatial data, this paper examines to what extent and how the small-scale renovation of dilapidated communities influences older adults’ community participation, using propensity score matching and multilevel mediation effect with structural equation modeling. The results indicated that, the accessibility of facilities (i.e., cultural and sport facilities, old-age care service facilities, and community centers) exerted a significant positive direct effect on older adults’ community participation. Besides, community green space ratio and green view index contributed to a higher level of community participation of older adults by fostering a stronger sense of belonging. When comparing renovated and unrenovated communities, results showed that the small-scale renovation significantly improved older adults’ community participation. Compared with the unrenovated communities, multiple built environment characteristics in the renovated communities encouraged older adults’ community participation through improving a sense of belonging and community cohesion. For unrenovated communities, the mediating effects of individual agency (i.e., individual participation capacity and participation consciousness) were more prominent. In addition, in renovated communities, community information exchange efficacy exhibited a significant and sustained positive impact on older adults’ community participation. Furthermore, this study indicates that apart from built environment renovation, small-scale renovation in dilapidated communities also contributed to older adults’ stronger capacities of information exchange and interaction, and thereby improved their community participation and social equality. This research provides valuable insights for promoting the healthy aging initiatives in China, as well as the scientific and long-term renewal and governance of dilapidated communities.

Liaoning Province, as a paradigmatic region with the highest concentration of shrinking cities in China, enhancing the development of resilience-related networks is essential for improving urban risk management capabilities. This study utilized the TOPSIS entropy weight method, an adjusted gravity model, social network analysis, and disruption simulation to investigate the correlation strength and structural characteristics of urban resilient spatial networks in Liaoning Province from 2012 to 2022. We simulated changes in network structure under various attack scenarios and subsequently identified key influencing factors using the QAP analysis method. The findings are summarized as follows: 1) The spatial correlation network of urban resilience in Liaoning Province exhibits a distinct “core-periphery” structure, with overall correlation intensity remaining relatively low. Over time, the network has transitioned from a “dual-core independent leadership” pattern to one of “dual-core coordinated development.” At the subsystem level, networks related to economic, engineering, and innovation resilience demonstrate steady improvement, whereas the social resilience network undergoes a significant decline, adversely affecting overall network stability. 2) The overall network structure has steadily strengthened, with core cities exerting significant influence and maintaining substantial control over resources. Meanwhile, peripheral regions have leveraged their geographical advantages to generate notable inter-provincial spillover effects. 3) Under random attack scenarios, the resilient interconnected network displays marked structural vulnerability, evidenced by rapid declines in key indicators such as network efficiency and clustering coefficient. In contrast, the network demonstrates greater structural robustness under targeted attacks, with these indicators declining at a more gradual pace. 4) Economic development, population size, industrial structure, and infrastructure investment exhibit positive correlations with resilient connectivity, whereas geographical proximity and ecological environment quality show negative associations. Specifically, spatial adjacency intensifies competition for resources and environmental stress, while uneven distribution of ecological assets further constrains regional resilience enhancement.

Village industrial land is an important support for the development of new rural industries and new formats in the new era, and it is of great significance to promote the revitalization of rural industries. This study analyzes the spatial characteristics of China’s village industrial land use in 2020 by using the land change survey data based on the Third National Land Survey, and examines the driving mechanism of village industrial land use changes at different spatial scales by using the Geodetector model. The results show: 1) The average scale of village industrial land in counties is 821.47 hm², and the per capita village industrial land is 43.52 m²/person, both of which have a significant positive correlation in spatial distribution. 2) At the regional level, the scale of village industrial land in the eastern region is significantly higher than in other regions, and both the Northeast and Eastern regions have a per capita village industrial land scale exceeding 60 m²/person. The Theil index indicates that the differences within the four major regions dominate the formation of national differences. At the provincial level, only Hebei and Shandong have industrial land scales exceeding 2×10⁵hm², and Qinghai has the largest internal differences in village industrial land. 3) At the national level, rural permanent population, topographic relief and rural per capita disposable income factor have a greater driving force on the scale of village industrial land. At the regional level, urbanization rate, topographic relief and rural per capita disposable income have a greater impact on the scale of village industrial land in the western region, while other regions are mainly affected by rural resident population, topographic relief, and cultivated land area. The interactive detection shows that the scale of village industrial land in various regions is also affected by multiple factors, but there are heterogeneity characteristics. Focusing on the needs of rural industrial revitalization in the new era, this study analyzes the characteristics and trends of rural development in various regions, and puts forward policy suggestions to promote the integration of village industrial land and intensive and economical utilization.

Cultural empowerment has emerged as a critical strategic pathway to promote rural revitalization and modernization. This paper constructs a logical framework of cultural em-powerment for rural revitalization, and analyzes the multi-dimensional value coupling mechan-isms and cultural IP construction pathways. The results show that: 1) Cultural empowerment for rural revitalization follows the logic of “value identification and coupling-resource capitaliza-tion and IP reconstruction-spatial restructuring and industrial operation”. The essence is to achieve innovative transformation with characteristic IPs through exploration and integration of cultural resources and value coupling, thereby promoting spatial restructuring and industrial op-eration to empower rural revitalization. 2) The multi-dimensional value attributes of cultural empowerment interact and transform with each other, and each value dimension forms a two-way coupling with the goal of rural revitalization. By fully activating the economic, spiritual, governance, ecological, and life well-being values of rural cultural resources, it promotes the construction of rural civilization, industrial integration, governance innovation, ecological liv-ability, and prosperous life in a coordinated manner. 3) Cultural IP construction constitutes a key path for cultural empowerment of rural revitalization. Through resource exploration and IP design, IP spatial structure and scene construction, as well as IP brand promotion and industrial integration, the industrialization of cultural resources and the comprehensive rural revitaliza-tion can be achieved, forming the logic of “value coupling- value embedding-value transforma-tion”. In the future, cultural empowered for rural revitalization should focus on the research of basic theories, spatial structures, path models and guarantee mechanisms for cultural resource industrialization, cultural IP construction, regional public brand cultivation, county-town-vil-lage cultural IP system construction, and gradually establishs a research system of cultural em-powerment to support comprehensive rural revitalization and urban-rural integrated develop-ment.

As the “bridge” and “medium” of urban-rural factor flow, rural innovation and en-trepreneurship breaks through the boundaries of rural physical space and gradually becomes an emerging driving force to promote the transformation of agricultural modernization in China in the new period. Rural innovation and entrepreneurship has led to the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, but its productive projects are still centered on modern agri-culture. The mechanism of rural innovation and entrepreneurship's impact on agricultural mod-ernization has not been fully explored in the research field. This study uses county panel data of Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2021 to identify the spatial and temporal evolution characterist-ics of rural innovation and entrepreneurship, and constructs a mechanism framework and empir-ical model based on the background of urban-rural integration and the dialectical relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship, to explore the effects and the mechanisms of rural in-novation and entrepreneurship on the Agricultural Modernization. The results show that: 1) Rural innovation and entrepreneurship in Zhejiang Province is characterized by obvious spatio-temporal heterogeneity. In terms of temporal characteristics, the level of rural innovation and entrepreneurship is on an upward trend. The level of rural innovation also shows an upward trend, but the level of rural entrepreneurship is more stable. Regarding spatial characteristics, there are concentrated and continuous high-value areas of rural innovation and entrepreneur-ship in northeast Zhejiang. Southwest Zhejiang is developing rapidly in rural entrepreneurship. 2) Rural innovation and entrepreneurship effectively drive the development of agricultural mod-ernization, and the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap strengthens the driving effect of rural innovation and entrepreneurship on agricultural modernization. 3) Rural innovation and rural entrepreneurship are closely related, but essential differences exist. Rural innovation can promote the development of agricultural productive services to accelerate the process of agri-cultural modernization. Rural entrepreneurship can promote the growth of regional consump-tion level on the demand side to drive the development of agricultural modernization. 4) On the geospatial scale, rural innovation and entrepreneurship in northeast Zhejiang have a more signi-ficant effect on agricultural modernization than that in southwest Zhejiang. On the administrat-ive scale, the driving effect of rural innovation and entrepreneurship on agricultural moderniza-tion at the county level is more significant than that of county-level cities. In the future, the rur-al innovation and entrepreneurship system should be improved according to local conditions, giving full play to the role of rural innovation and entrepreneurship as a medium in integrating urban and rural factors, and guiding the coordinated development of rural innovation and entre-preneurship.

As an important spatial carrier for regulating social health, urban green space plays a crucial role in promoting resident's physical and mental well-being and enhancing social cohe-sion. However, the academic community has not yet reached a consensus on which characterist-ics of green space are most closely related to resident's individual social health levels. Based on the survey data on green spaces and health collected in Guangzhou in 2021, this study first clas-sifies resident's individual social health using the latent profile analysis (LPA) method. Sub-sequently, it estimates the association between the characteristics of nearby green spaces in the residential areas and resident's individual social health through unordered multinomial Logistic regression. The results reveal that socio-demographic attributes such as age, work status, per capita monthly household income, and whether the household with a car can explain the differ-ences in individual social health among residents. Relevant planning and policy formulation should consider the diverse needs of groups with different socio-demographic characteristics for urban green spaces to fully leverage their social health benefits. In addition to resident's socio-demographic attributes, nearby green spaces in the residential areas have a significant impact on their individual social health. Specifically, there is a significant positive correlation between resident's subjective perception of green space accessibility and their individual social health. Quality characteristics of green spaces, including cleanliness, the number of recreational ser-vice facilities, safety, and aesthetics, are key factors influencing resident's individual social health. Therefore, constructing a complete and continuous urban green space system and im-proving the walking environment and walkability in neighborhoods and surrounding areas to enhance resident's subjective perception of green space accessibility are effective ways to pro-mote individual social health. Meanwhile, enhancing green space cleanliness, aesthetics, and safety can be achieved through regular cleaning and maintenance, strengthening green space management, and organizing volunteer activities. On the basis of balancing community needs and resource investment, appropriately increasing and diversifying recreational facilities in green spaces can further encourage residents to engage in physical activities and strengthen so-cial interactions. The conclusions can provide a scientific basis for improving the spatial qual-ity of urban green spaces, enhancing the interactive connection between residents and neighbor-hood green spaces, and fully leveraging the health effects of green spaces.

To explore the variations of aeration zone soil specific yield under the condition of deep buried groundwater, The southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert was taken as the research area by field in-situ observation.The complete specific yield under the condition of zero surface flux, the average releasing specific yield under the condition of evapotranspiration and the average charging specific yield under the condition of lateral leakage recharge were determined, and the effects of groundwater depth, infiltration and evapotranspiration on specific yield were discussed. Results showed that: 1) It is feasible to determine the soil specific yield under the condition of deep buried groundwater by the zone of aeration section water content method. 2) Under the condition of zero surface flux, the complete specific yield μ increases with the increase of groundwater depth H. When the groundwater depth exceeds the maximum rising height of capillary water, the change of complete specific yield is small and can be approximately regarded as a constant. 3) The average groundwater depth of interdune land in the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert is 8.80 m. The complete specific yield under the condition of zero surface flux is 0.36, the average releasing specific yield under the condition of deep buried groundwater evaporation is 0.13, and the average charging specific yield under the condition of lateral leakage recharge is 0.17. The results of this study can provide a new idea for the determination of soil specific yield under the condition of deep buried groundwater.

Return migration has become a notable socio-economic trend in the new stage of China's urbanization, and the analysis of its driving mechanism has received extensive academic attention. As a micro behavior, the return of migrants is not only affected by personal and family factors, but also closely related to external environment. However, existing studies have focused on the role of individual factors, but not enough research has been conducted on the relationship between regional contexts and return migration. We introduce a gradient boosting decision tree model in the field of machine learning, based on the data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, with the return intention as the response variable and the regional contexts—Both in the place of origin and destination—As well as migrants' personal and household factors as the explanatory variables, focusing on the non-linear influence of the regional contexts on the return migration intentions and the threshold effect. The results show that: 1) The total contribution of the local contexts of the place of place of the origin and destination to the intentions of the migrants to return is 44.1%, which is an important factor influencing the return intentions, and the contributions of the two places is roughly equal. Among these, medical and health resources and air pollution are extremely important in both places. In addition, economic growth in the place of origin is also important for the return intention of migrants, while the climatic condition in the place of destination is more important; 2) There are both non-linear and linear relationships between local contextual factors and migrants' intention to return. Among them, medical and health resources, basic education resources, air pollution have obvious non-linear effects on the return intention, while economic growth and temperature conditions have mainly linear effects; 3) The influence of individual factors on return intention is mainly nonlinear effect. There is an irregular U-shaped relationship between age, migration duration and return intention, and the non-linear influence of household income is more complex. There is an obvious threshold effect between household housing expenditure and return intention, and a negative correlation between migrant's education level and return intention. This study incorporates the local contexts of the place of origin and destination into the analytical framework for the mechanism of return migration, identifies the relative importance of the local context and individual characteristics of the two places on the return intention of the migrants, and reveals the specificity and complexity of internal return migration in China, which contributes to deepening the research on migration in the new era and provides scientific reference for policy makers.