Abstract: Grain security is one of the severe challenges to the world,especially to China in 21 century.According to statistical materials and investigation data in recent 10a,regional pattern changes of grain production in China was discussed with the methods of regional difference analysis,such as concentration index,absolute different index and relative different index.The study showed that China’s grain production kept increasing as a whole,and the annual average ratio was about 3.43%.With the change of agricultural production condition,technology,macro-economic circumstance,market condition and land use,main gain production centers have been moving from the south to the north and from the east to the central in the last decade,so that the north and central areas become new grain production centers for the future China.Also,the difference of regional change was very evident,the biggest difference emerged between the north and south China,but the differences among provinces and the eight main production regions were not considerable.The Northeast China is one of strategic bases for national grain security,where the amount and proposition of commodity grain are both in the leading place among regions.However,grain production in this region is not stable and represented considerable fluctuation periodically,which was caused by environmental degeneration,serious natural disaster,onefold agricultural structure and farmer’s unwillingness to promote grain production.Corresponding to the nationwide shifts in grain production,the construction of commodity grain bases in Northeast China becomes a strategic policy for the national grain security.Key countermeasures are to improve agricultural ecological environment,to adjust agricultural structure,and to optimize distribution of special commodity grain bases etc.