Abstract: After illuminating the connotation of urbanization quality, this paper constructed an index system comprised with 31 indicators, from three aspects including strength of urban infrastructure, coordination degree of urbanization and sustainable level of urbanization. On this basis, models of urbanization quality evaluation and coordination evaluation between urbanization "quality" and "quantity" were established. Using United Nations method, this paper amended the urbanization rate of China(excluding Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan) since the Reform and Opening Up, and then judged China's urbanization rate and moderation of inter-provincial urbanization speed of 2008 based on statistical data of 1978~2008 and latest statistics of each province in 2008. The results show that: ① Mass index of Chinese urbanization increased gradually from 1978 to 2008, and the coordination between urbanization speed and quality was getting better. But the speed of urbanization was slightly lagging behind. ② In 2008,China's inter-provincial urbanization indices were significant different,turning lower from the eastern, central to western. Urbanization in China can be divided into five types: serious quality lag- type, quality lag- type,coordination- type,speed lag-type,and serious speed lag-type. ③ Population can't reflect the real level of urbanization quality. And corresponding relationship between city scale and quality of urbanization didn't exist, which means it's not correct that larger city was better in quality. ④ Balance of Chinese urbanization quality in each aspect was obviously insufficient. Urban foundation strength was the main driving force of improving urban quality currently. Assuredly, there were still many insufficiencies in those areas where provided with high quality of urbanization development or better coordination between speed and quality.