中国500强的行业结构及其区域差异

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.02.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Chinese top 500 enterprises are the concentrated reflection of Chinese outstanding enterprises, which determine the development direction of Chinese future industry and even economy. On the basis of ‘Chinese top 500 enterprises’ data derived from Fortunechina.com, and having taken the number of enterprises and operating incomes as the main assessment index, this article analyzed the characteristics of industrial structure and regional distribution of Chinese top 500 enterprises by statistics, and then probed into the spatial pattern of provincial industrial structure. There were three key findings.First, during the period of 2009-2014, a declining trend has showed in the proportion of listed companies and its operating incomes of manufacturing industry, but manufacturing industry still dominant in the 13 kinds of industries, and even be the indispensable pillar of Chinese economy. Another four industries like financial, construction, wholesale and retail trade and real estate, have a strong momentum of development and shoulder the burden of leading industries. As a technology-intensive industry, information transmission and software industry has some difference with the above industries. For instance, it has a low proportion of listed enterprises and operating incomes, while the proportion trends to rise again in the recent three years. So the information transmission and software industry can be regarded as the pioneer industry, and have the possibility to be the leading industryin the future spell. The second finding is that the geographical concentration of Chinese top 500 enterprises upgrades continuously, specifically, the concentration areas of Chinese top 500 enterprises are mainly in eastern region, especially in Beijing City, Shanghai City and Guangdong Province, and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The last key finding is about spatial pattern of provincial industrial structure, which manifests that industrial structure tends to be diverse, simplified and single which distributed in ladder pattern, and that there is a great gap in the proportion of provincial manufacturing industry and enterprises belonging to services industry tend to concentrate in eastern provinces. Meanwhile, it is palpable of the disparity between provincial benefit of industrial structure. At the end of the article, some feasible measures are advised to out of the dilemma suffered by Chinese industry, likely, attach equal importance to producer services and strategic emerging industry, which could guide the industry to climb to the high-end of the value train and further upgrade the industrial structure.

Key words: Chinese top 500 enterprises, industrialstructural, the pillar of economy, geographical concentration, industrial structural index

CLC Number:

K902

Yexi Zhong, Lin Chen, Jie Huang. Chinese Industrial Structure and Its Regional Disparity Based on the Data of Chinese Top 500 Enterprises[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(2): 190-199.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 20

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行业代码	行业分类	子行业
A	农林牧渔业	农林牧渔
B	采矿业	煤炭
C	制造业	汽车及零配件,家用电器,金属,机械设备制造,工程机械制造,化学原料和化学制品（化工）,石油、天然气、化工,建材,船舶,计算机及相关产品,纺织服装,医药、生物制品、医疗保健,食品饮料,电子和电子元器件,造纸、印刷,其他制造业
D	电气水生产供应业	电力,煤气供应
E	建筑业	基建,建筑
F	批发和零售业	批发零售,贸易,专业连锁销售
G	交通运输业	交通运输、物流、仓储业,港口
H	住宿和餐饮业	酒店
I	信息软件业	通讯和通讯设备,互联网服务,信息技术
J	金融业	商业银行,保险业,证券业,多元化投资
K	房地产业	房地产
L	商务服务业	旅游业,传媒文化,包装
Z	综合企业	综合企业

	2009年			2010年		2011年			2012年			2013年			2014年
行业代码	数量（家）		占比（%）		数量（家）	占比（%）		数量（家）		占比（%）	数量（家）	占比（%）	数量（家）	占比（%）	数量（家）	占比（%）
A	7	1.40		7	1.40	6	1.20		6	1.20		6	1.20		8	1.60
B	21	4.20		22	4.40	24	4.80		23	4.60		19	3.80		16	3.20
C	280	56.00		276	55.20	279	55.80		267	53.40		259	51.80		249	49.80
D	23	4.60		21	4.20	20	4.00		23	4.60		26	5.20		28	5.60
E	21	4.20		22	4.40	24	4.80		26	5.20		27	5.40		26	5.20
F	35	7.00		38	7.60	41	8.20		42	8.40		46	9.20		49	9.80
G	21	4.20		20	4.00	24	4.80		24	4.80		21	4.20		22	4.40
H	0	0.00		0	0.00	1	0.20		1	0.20		1	0.20		1	0.20
I	18	3.60		16	3.20	12	2.40		11	2.20		14	2.80		15	3.00
J	26	5.20		29	5.80	27	5.40		26	5.20		29	5.80		37	7.40
K	37	7.40		36	7.20	32	6.40		39	7.80		40	8.00		43	8.60
L	4	0.80		5	1.00	4	0.80		4	0.80		4	0.80		6	1.20
Z	7	1.40		8	1.60	6	1.20		8	1.60		8	1.60		0	0.00
总和	500	100		500	100	500	100		500	100		500	100		500	100

	2009年			2010年		2011年			2012年			2013年			2014年
行业代码	收入（亿元）		占比（%）		收入（亿元）	占比（%）		收入（亿元）		占比（%）	收入（亿元）	占比（%）	收入（亿元）	占比（%）	收入（亿元）	占比（%）
A	443	0.32		531	0.28	1227	0.52		1329	0.51		1353	0.47		2851	0.94
B	3853	2.81		5264	2.77	7500	3.16		8777	3.35		8157	2.82		6847	2.25
C	68324	49.89		97335	51.3	124328	52.43		131093	50.07		138807	48.03		135619	44.55
D	3845	2.81		4998	2.63	5708	2.41		6521	2.49		7856	2.72		8399	2.76
E	16120	11.77		21253	11.2	24354	10.27		26947	10.29		31073	10.75		33161	10.89
F	5564	4.06		8063	4.25	11073	4.67		12813	4.89		15207	5.26		19775	6.5
G	3883	2.84		5722	3.02	7037	2.97		7545	2.88		7659	2.65		8141	2.67
H	0	0		0	0	127	0.05		139	0.05		93	0.03		94	0.03
I	9828	7.18		10749	5.67	12361	5.21		12974	4.96		15670	5.42		16976	5.58
J	19742	14.42		27711	14.61	34015	14.34		40943	15.64		47461	16.42		56718	18.63
K	3701	2.7		5385	2.84	6399	2.7		9035	3.45		11819	4.09		15135	4.97
L	200	0.15		331	0.17	363	0.15		445	0.17		468	0.16		682	0.22
Z	1441	1.05		2379	1.25	2642	1.11		3236	1.24		3385	1.17		0	0
总和	136945	100		189721	100	237133	100		261797	100		289008	100		304400	100

HHI指数	2009年	2010年	2011年	2012年	2013年	2014年
企业数量	0.0778	0.0780	0.0794	0.0979	0.0949	0.0979
营业收入	0.2627	0.2607	0.2695	0.2831	0.2812	0.2774

类型	2009年	2014年
SI(1)>SI(2)	安徽、北京、湖北、湖南、江苏、辽宁、山东、上海、浙江、重庆	安徽、北京、贵州、河北、湖北、湖南、吉林、江西、山东、四川、新疆、浙江
SI(1)<SI(2)	福建、广东、海南、吉林、天津;黑龙江、江西、四川	福建、广东、海南、天津;江苏;辽宁、山西
SI(1)=SI(2)	甘肃、广西、贵州、河北、河南、内蒙古、青海、陕西、	甘肃、广西、河南、黑龙江、内蒙古、青海、
SI(1)=SI(2)	新疆、云南	陕西、云南
SI(1)≈SI(2)	山西	上海、重庆

Chinese Industrial Structure and Its Regional Disparity Based on the Data of Chinese Top 500 Enterprises

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