SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.01.001

Special Issue: 地理大数据

• Orginal Article •     Next Articles

Construction and Calculation of Diagnostic Index of Urban Signs Based on Multi-source Big Data: Case of Shanghai

Yanwei Chai1(), Bochu Liu1(), Yu Liu2, Xiujun Ma3, Tana4, Yue Shen5   

  1. 1.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    2.Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    3.School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    4.School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    5.School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2017-04-20 Revised:2017-07-25 Online:2018-01-10 Published:2018-01-10
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571144,41529101,41601159);The State Twelfth Five-year Scientific and Technological Support Project(2015BAJ08B06)

Abstract:

Urban signs characterize the state of development and operation of a city, including construction conditions of built environment,driving force of urban economic and social development, operational status of facilities and urban activities of individuals in the city, etc. The diagnosis of urban signs equals to the health examination of urban development and operation, by which sticking points are recognized. A set of reliable and practical urban diagnostic indices is required not only to comprehensively reflect correlative sub urban systems that are static or dynamic, but also illustrate the status of urban system through quantitative methods and geo-visualization. Using traditional data and big data from different sources, this paper constructs a system of diagnostic index of urban signs based upon the integration of urban activity-travel system, urban population system, urban operation system, and urban environment system. The diagnostic index system is decomposed into 4 dimensions including fundamental force, driving force, pressure and vitality. The fundamental force index is used to describe basic attributes of land use and population; the driving force index reflects the state of development of spatial units through development of enterprises and quality of the environment; the pressure index is used to monitor the running status of the urban system, and as such, it plays a role in risk-evaluation and risk-warning; the vitality index reflects the real vitality of the spatial units by demonstrating the dynamic characteristics of the activity system and flows in time and space. 12 spatio-temporal scales are acquired through intersection of 4 levels of the spatial units(municipal Shanghai , district, Jiedao, census tract)and 3 levels of temporal scales(annual,daily and real time levels). The index weight is determined by fuzzy hierarchy analysis. Taking April 6, 2016 as an example, we calculate both comprehensive and dimensional diagnostic index of urban signs of Jiedaos (subdistrict that is sub-divided into several residential communities or neighbourhoods) in Shanghai and elaborate on how the diagnostic index of urban signs corresponds to actual state and facilitates detection of urban problems. Results show that comprehensive diagnostic index varies slightly while considerable variations emerge in diagnostic index of each dimension. Fundamental force index, driving force index and vitality index decline gradually from inner city to suburbs. On the contrary, pressure index increases from inner city to suburbs. Through visual and real-time analysis and evaluation, the diagnostic index of urban signs has huge potential for implementation in urban grid management, pressure warning and other needs of urban governance.

Key words: urban signs, diagnostic index of urban signs, healthy city, multi-source data, Shanghai

CLC Number: 

  • K901