多元主体视角下城市人居环境需求异质性研究——以昆山经济技术开发区为例

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.07.017

Abstract

Abstract:

Due to pollution, overpopulation, the agglomeration of population and industry, the deterioration of urban human settlements is becoming more and more common. Therefore, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out extensive research on the suitability of urban residence, mainly focusing on the concept, content, influencing factors and evaluation methods of it. On the basis of large sample questionnaire surveys, with series of mathematical statistical analysis tools, this paper explores factor structure, factor loading, orientation types and spatial distribution of human settlements demand under different attributes. The results are as follows：1) Because the characteristics of regional relation, economic income, age, and occupation have the significant impact on the human settlements, the resident subjects can be divided into different types of groups with strong representativeness, of which different groups have different demand orientations according to factor loading intensity and common factor structure. 2) The dimensions of human settlements demand have broken the hierarchy of needs, are mainly embodied in the functional structure of housing conditions, transportation, public facilities, community quality, self-improvement and so on. 3) There are obvious spatial differences in regional human settlements demand, of which the core zone is higher than the fringe zone. The spatial disparities of the quality of human settlements intensify the differences of human settlements demand. Spatial differentiation of human settlements demand in different resident groups determines that urban construction faces different issues in different regions. The supply of resources in the construction of human settlements should match the core needs and spatial distribution of residents. This paper holds that it is very important to guide the classification of regional construction based on the balance of resources supply and demand, and puts forward some policy suggestions on urban planning and construction according to the needs of different groups of human settlements.

Key words: multiple subjects, human settlements demand, heterogeneity, spatial distribution

CLC Number:

K901.2

Yujuan Wang, Shan Yang, Lianxia Wu. Heterogeneity for Urban Human Settlements Demand from the Perspective of Multiple Subjects: A Case Study of Kunshan Economic and Technological Development Zone[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2018, 38(7): 1156-1164.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 21

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系统	解释	指标
生活需求B1	与吃、穿、住、用、行等日常生活息息相关的各种服务、设施及建筑等的建设情况	住房形式D1;住宅质量D2;住宅面积D3;住宅密度D4; 日常生活配套设施D5;医疗设施D6;餐饮设施 D7;休闲娱乐设施 D8;教育设施 D9;体育健身设施 D10;商业金融设施D11;慢行交通设施D12;公共交通设施D13;车行交通设施D14;停车设施 D15
安全需求B2	有助于实现居民安全感满足的环境要素,主要包括灾害预防、社会安全以及生态安全等	自然灾害应急处理D16;公共卫生事件^①应急处理D17;消防水平D18;社会治安D19;废污处理D20;城市绿地D21;环境质量D22;饮水卫生D23;财产安全D24;交通安全D26
社会需求B3	为满足居民作为社会人而产生的交往、秩序和关系等需要的相关要素	邻里关系D27;社区交流D28;社区服务^②D29;物业管理 D30;养老服务 D31;社会保障^③D32;社会交往 D33;活动空间D34
精神需求 B4	有助于人们获得尊重感和自我实现需求满足的各种环境要素	城市景观D35;社区特色 D36;价值认同D37;技能培训^④D38; 文化氛围D39; 文化包容D40; 文化活动D41;公共艺术D42

项目	属性	百分比(%)	项目	属性	百分比(%)
地缘关系	老市民	24.30		研究生及以上	5.22
地缘关系	安置农民	27.46	年龄	30岁及以下	33.58
	新市民（外来人员）	48.24		30~40岁	29.84
家庭收入（元/月）	4000及以下	16.02		40~50岁	21.59
	4000~8000（不含）	37.85	50~60岁		9.36
	8000~15000（不含）	28.55	60岁及以上		5.63
	15000~20000(不含)	14.22
	20000及以上	3.36	职业	摊铺业主	21.25
性别	男	59.08		企业务工人员	52.19
性别	女	40.92		管理人员	4.36
学历	初中及以下	33.35		技术骨干等	6.12
	高中、高职	41.07		工薪职员	12.33
	大专、本科	20.36		其他	3.77

主成分名称	主成分变量			主成分固有值
主成分名称	特征根值	百分比（%）	累积百分比（%）	地缘	收入	年龄	学历	职业
第一主成分	1.63	33.28	33.28	0.75	0.13	0.69	-0.21	0.22
第二主成分	1.32	35.65	68.93	0.15	0.81	-0.12	0.64	0.58

代号	属地依恋程度	经济能力	样本比例（%）
类群Ⅰ	2.11	8.06	7.64
类群Ⅱ	1.56	4.73	35.93
类群Ⅲ	7.69	4.32	23.45
类群Ⅳ	8.53	2.44	12.33
类群Ⅴ	0.98	3.12	20.65

指数阀值	χ²	df	（χ²/df）<2.00	P>0.05	GFI>0.90	AGFI>0.90	CFI 0.90~1.00	RMSEA 0.050~0.080	RMR<0.050
组Ⅰ	243.50	126	1.93	0.08	0.92	0.93	0.92	0.053	0.047
组Ⅱ	265.20	133	1.99	0.06	0.98	0.96	0.94	0.066	0.034
组Ⅲ	237.50	125	1.90	0.06	0.93	0.92	0.98	0.073	0.027
组Ⅳ	253.90	141	1.80	0.07	0.97	0.90	0.91	0.064	0.046
组Ⅴ	242.60	123	1.97	0.08	0.94	0.91	0.90	0.080	0.039

Heterogeneity for Urban Human Settlements Demand from the Perspective of Multiple Subjects: A Case Study of Kunshan Economic and Technological Development Zone

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