高质量发展下的生态城市评价——以长江三角洲城市群为例

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.08.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Eco-city is an essential form of sustainable urban development and represents the tendency of modern cities. The evaluation of eco-city provides the fundamental basis for the planning, construction and management of eco-city. With the rapid development of social and economic, the connotation and evaluation index system of eco-city also need to update with the times. Currently, China's economy has shifted from a rapid growth stage to a high-quality development stage. Urban is an essential platform of regional economic development, it will also enter the stage of high-quality development. The eco-city is highly compatible with the concept of high-quality development, it is necessary to integrate the high-quality development ideology in the eco-city evaluation, which is in line with the current urban transformation and development requirements of China. Therefore, on the basis of combing the evolution and connotation development of eco-city, we set up an eco-city evaluation system guided by the concept of high-quality development, and then taking the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA) as an example to carry out the ecological level evaluation study of urban. Thus, the characteristics of spatial-temporal variations of urban ecological level was evaluated and the main obstacle factors was revealed. Based on various statistical data of YRDUA in 2005, 2010 and 2015, 27 indicators for evaluating eco-city that reflects the requirements for high quality development ideology were constructed from three aspects, they are economic development, ecological environment protection and social civilization progress. The entropy-TOPSIS model then analyzed the ecological level of cities, and the major obstacle factors was measured through obstacle degree model. The results showed that: The ecological level of the YRDUA present a steady improvement trend, the urban ecological level spatial pattern of the YRDUA shows a "core-periphery" structure, and it experienced the evolution process of double-high value center in 2005, single-high value center in 2010 and multiple-high value center in 2015. The ecological level of Shanghai municipality, provincial capital cities and other economically-strong cities like Suzhou and Wuxi are significantly better than other cities. There is a significant correlation between ecological level and city hierarchical, which means the urban ecological level is directly proportional to the population scale. The higher the urban hierarchy, the more advantageous the urban construction has, thus the higher the ecological level is. And the ecological level gap of the different urban hierarchy has gradually expanded during the study period. From the perspective of the 3 subsystems, economic development, ecological environment protection and social civilization progress, each city presents different advantages and disadvantages regarding different indicators. Moreover, the difference of ecology level regarding the economy and society are significant than the ecological environment. The obstacle factors of the ecological level of the YRDUA are relatively stable. For most cities, economic development, infrastructure, and public service factors are the primary constraints, especially in cities with relatively backward economic development, while a few economically developed cities have significant obstacles to environmental foundation and social civilization progress. In the future, the differentiated policies deserve much more attention, urban ecological level should promote to higher quality according to local conditions especially its significant constraints.

Key words: eco-city, high quality development, the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

CLC Number:

F129.9

Xu Liting,Yao Shimou,Chen Shuang,Xu Yu. Evaluation of Eco-city Under the Concept of High-quality Development: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2019, 39(8): 1228-1237.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Table 3

Ecological level of rule layer in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration"

城市	2005年			2010年			2015年
城市	经济发展	生态环境保护	社会文明进步	经济发展	生态环境保护	社会文明进步	经济发展	生态环境保护	社会文明进步
上海	0.364	0.437	0.465	0.516	0.490	0.610	0.612	0.526	0.668
南京	0.268	0.532	0.313	0.458	0.536	0.407	0.587	0.590	0.547
无锡	0.337	0.510	0.406	0.491	0.597	0.491	0.565	0.608	0.587
常州	0.216	0.497	0.328	0.413	0.561	0.410	0.526	0.607	0.489
苏州	0.344	0.516	0.333	0.567	0.612	0.475	0.683	0.609	0.632
南通	0.166	0.511	0.313	0.292	0.559	0.302	0.395	0.638	0.427
盐城	0.278	0.513	0.228	0.185	0.447	0.283	0.259	0.593	0.375
扬州	0.206	0.594	0.284	0.257	0.619	0.359	0.358	0.643	0.392
镇江	0.193	0.547	0.287	0.314	0.603	0.349	0.483	0.643	0.458
泰州	0.213	0.496	0.257	0.223	0.526	0.298	0.330	0.549	0.376
杭州	0.309	0.528	0.356	0.448	0.636	0.477	0.590	0.650	0.604
宁波	0.297	0.489	0.329	0.431	0.555	0.421	0.531	0.587	0.528
嘉兴	0.300	0.461	0.277	0.337	0.584	0.384	0.440	0.601	0.511
湖州	0.260	0.482	0.312	0.272	0.636	0.369	0.366	0.671	0.436
绍兴	0.290	0.592	0.315	0.340	0.622	0.342	0.433	0.635	0.426
金华	0.306	0.560	0.248	0.339	0.625	0.339	0.367	0.637	0.417
舟山	0.213	0.476	0.282	0.298	0.599	0.405	0.440	0.592	0.502
台州	0.310	0.443	0.247	0.328	0.600	0.281	0.331	0.614	0.373
合肥	0.174	0.502	0.298	0.298	0.591	0.376	0.381	0.593	0.496
芜湖	0.149	0.487	0.266	0.239	0.554	0.373	0.327	0.579	0.424
马鞍山	0.112	0.486	0.288	0.246	0.515	0.276	0.293	0.604	0.361
铜陵	0.126	0.656	0.225	0.252	0.521	0.290	0.438	0.591	0.495
安庆	0.266	0.300	0.173	0.187	0.498	0.206	0.241	0.639	0.310
滁州	0.258	0.313	0.180	0.109	0.456	0.255	0.206	0.608	0.388
池州	0.187	0.315	0.190	0.114	0.673	0.235	0.164	0.854	0.363
宣城	0.210	0.437	0.188	0.140	0.692	0.270	0.210	0.719	0.333

Table 3

Fig.2

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标准层	要素层	指标层	权重
经济发展	经济实力	人均GDP	0.054
		人均财政收入	0.035
		地均工业总产值	0.050
	经济潜力	第三产业占比	0.032
		科学和教育支出占地方财政支出比	0.049
		人均全社会固定资产投资额	0.048
	经济活力	人均客运总量	0.052
		人均货运总量	0.040
		人均社会消费品零售总额	0.069
生态环境保护	环境基础	人均水资源量	0.041
		建成区绿化覆盖率	0.015
		人均公园绿地面积	0.042
	环境污染	工业万元产值废水排放量	0.024
		工业万元产值二氧化硫排放量	0.008
		工业万元产值烟尘排放量	0.008
	环境治理	工业固废综合利用率	0.026
		污水处理率	0.024
		生活垃圾无害化处理率	0.035
社会文明进步	社会公平	城乡居民收入差异系数	0.034
		在岗职工人均工资	0.043
		失业率	0.027
	基础设施	人均居住用地面积	0.038
		人均道路面积	0.025
		建成区排水管道密度	0.037
	公共服务	每万人拥有公共汽车数量	0.048
		每万人医院卫生院床位数	0.054
		每百人公共图书馆藏书量	0.045

Evaluation of Eco-city Under the Concept of High-quality Development: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

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城市	2005年		2010年		2015年		城市	2005年		2010年		2015年
城市	贴近度	排序	贴近度	排序	贴近度	排序	城市	贴近度	排序	贴近度	排序	贴近度	排序
上海	0.415	1	0.545	2	0.614	2	湖州	0.324	10	0.387	14	0.452	15
南京	0.341	7	0.457	5	0.576	5	绍兴	0.361	5	0.400	10	0.470	12
无锡	0.395	2	0.512	3	0.580	4	金华	0.337	8	0.394	11	0.435	16
常州	0.322	12	0.443	7	0.531	7	舟山	0.295	19	0.402	9	0.488	10
苏州	0.378	3	0.548	1	0.654	1	台州	0.317	13	0.369	16	0.405	19
南通	0.306	16	0.359	17	0.460	14	合肥	0.296	18	0.393	12	0.466	13
盐城	0.31	15	0.278	24	0.375	22	芜湖	0.275	21	0.358	18	0.413	18
扬州	0.323	11	0.380	15	0.434	17	马鞍山	0.275	22	0.317	21	0.386	21
镇江	0.312	14	0.392	13	0.507	8	铜陵	0.296	17	0.323	20	0.485	11
泰州	0.294	20	0.324	19	0.393	20	安庆	0.245	25	0.263	25	0.348	26
杭州	0.371	4	0.493	4	0.605	3	滁州	0.245	24	0.251	26	0.361	24
宁波	0.349	6	0.453	6	0.540	6	池州	0.212	26	0.294	23	0.372	23
嘉兴	0.326	9	0.407	8	0.497	9	宣城	0.256	23	0.314	22	0.361	25

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