中国境外经贸合作区的政策移动研究——以天津经济技术开发区和中埃·泰达苏伊士经贸合作区为例

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.006

Abstract

Abstract:

China’s overseas economic and trade cooperation zones are the spatial diffusion of the development experience of China’s special economic zones. Based on the unique conditions of host country, the construction experience of domestic parks should be adjusted and applied to China’s overseas economic and trade cooperation zones in order to adapt to the localized development. By use of case study and comparative analysis, this paper proposes a theoretical framework of policy mobility, and takes Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA) and China-Egypt TEDA Suez Economic & Trade Cooperation Zone (TEDA Suez) as examples to compare the relevant policies of domestic industrial zone and overseas economic & trade cooperation zone, thus verifies the applicability of policy in different “soil environment”. The research shows that: 1) According to the influencing factors of policy implementation and different functions of policy, policy mobility can be divided into policy transplantation, policy adjustment and policy innovation. 2) Planning and construction experience, operation management experience, environmental protection policy, talent training policy can be used directly as policy transplantation; the development model and cultural policy belong to policy adjustments; legal policy, promotion policy and preferential policy should be completely changed as policy innovation. 3) The common features of two parks are reflected in the use of mature experience in domestic parks, the cultivation and reserve of talents, the protection of the park’s ecological environment, and the improvement of infrastructure and supporting facilities. 4) The individuality of parks is embodied in seeking for the similarities on the basis of respecting cultural differences, the building of park brand, the innovation of promotion system, the establishment of coordination mechanism. This paper applies the theory of policy mobility to studying the relationship between domestic and overseas parks, and exploring the process of policy transplantation, policy adjustment and policy innovation, which deepens the connotation of policy mobility theory and enriches the theoretical research of overseas economic and trade cooperation zone.

Key words: the Belt and Road Initiative, overseas economic and trade cooperation zone, policy mobility, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, China-Egypt TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone

CLC Number:

K092

Wang Shufang, Yan Yuxin, Meng Guangwen. Policy Mobility of China’s Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone: ACase Study of Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area and China-Egypt TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(7): 1187-1195.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

References 28

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类别	政策转移 (policy transfer)	政策移动 (policy mobility)
政策选择	以政策制定者为主，根据以往实践对最佳政策进行复制，过去的政策会被取代	与政策提供者在不断变化的社会环境中建立联系后，运用社会学、人文学或制度分析框架等进行决策
研究尺度	国家层级	强调地方层级与微观参与者
方法论基础	实证主义方法论	后实证主义方法论
研究内容	政策的学习、趋同、扩散、效仿、经验吸取等	具有流动性的政策知识如何用于解决不同空间层面、网络、政策环境和制度背景下的政策问题
相关学科	政策科学	政策科学、地理学、社会学、人文学等多学科交叉
政策中的隐喻	转移、交易，从政策制定的所在地A到B，再到E，是政策在空间上优胜劣汰的反映	流动、变异，从政策制定的所在地A到E，是权力领域上对社会和制度的重构
政策制定者	政策学习者	政策认知者、实践者、参与者
政策的空间转移	模仿与复制	复杂的非线性移动过程，政策发生了改变^[11,12,20]

	政策移植	政策调试	政策创新
政策名称	规划建设和运营管理经验、环保政策、人才政策	文化政策、发展模式	法律政策、晋升政策、优惠政策
政策特征	对东道国环境的要求不高，政策兼容性较强	文化政策包含企业理念和国家传统文化；发展模式制定要考虑合作区地理位置和区域发展现状	法律政策要以东道国的法律法规为基础进行创新；晋升政策考虑合作区的特殊性；具体优惠政策存在国别差异
政策移动举措	直接移植政策背后的理念	根据东道国文化背景与发展空间规划进行相应调整	依据东道国的法律法规进行创新；运用晋升机制激励员工；优惠政策视东道国具体发展情况而定

Policy Mobility of China’s Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone: ACase Study of Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area and China-Egypt TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone

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