基于MODIS温度的青藏高原多年冻土活动层厚度变化研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.10.017

Abstract

Abstract:

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is the major region covered by permafrost in the middle and low latitudes of the world. The change in permafrost has a significant impact on the hydrological processes and ecological environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. In this study, the distribution of frozen soil and active layer thickness (ALT) of permafrost are simulated using the temperature at the top of permafrost (TTOP) model and the Stefan formula, which based on the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature, and the results are compared with the ground observations. The results show that the estimated spatial distribution of permafrost is close to the map of permafrost proposed in previous studies. The ALT of permafrost estimated by MODIS land surface temperature data using Stefan formula has certain accuracies. However, there are some differences between the estimated ALT and observations in the region near the Qinghai-Tibet Highway possibly due to the human activities. The area of permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is estimated to be about 1.01× 10⁶ km² in the period from 2003 to 2019; the regional averaged ALT on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is 1.79 m, and the change rate of ALT on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is estimated to be 3.67 cm/10a. The changes in the ALT show differences among different vegetation types. The change rate in meadow area is significantly higher than that in grassland area. The change rate also varies along different elevation intervals. From 4 100 m to 5 700 m, the change rate of ALT first increases and then decreases, and the change rate of ALT shows the largest value in the 5 100-5 300 m elevation intervals. The simulated frozen soil distribution and ALT in this study can provide valuable data support for the study of permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and may deepen our understanding of the characteristics and changes in permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, permafrost, active layer thickness, MODIS data, Stefan formula

CLC Number:

P642.14

Gong Tingting, Gao Bing, Ji Zichen, Cao Huiyu, Zhang Yunling. Variation of Active Layer Thickness of Permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Based on MODIS Temperature Product[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(10): 1848-1856.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 2

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

References 24

[1]	周幼吾, 郭东信, 邱国庆, 等. 中国冻土[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2000.
	Zhou Youwu, Guo Dongxin, Qiu Guoqing et al. China permafrost. Beijing: Science Press, 2000.
[2]	秦大河, 姚檀栋, 丁永建, 等. 冰冻圈科学辞典[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2014.
	Qin Dahe, Yao Tandong, Ding Yongjian et al. Cryosphere science dictionary. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 2014.
[3]	吴晓东, 吴通华. 多年冻土退化对气候和人类产生重要影响[J]. 自然杂志, 2020, 42(5): 425-431. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.05.011
	Wu Xiaodong, Wu Tonghua. Permafrost degradation has important effects on climate and human society. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2020, 42(5): 425-431. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.05.011
[4]	吴明辉, 瞿德业, 李婷, 等. 祁连山疏勒河源区冻土退化对土壤微生物生物量碳氮的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(1): 177-186. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.01.019
	Wu Minghui, Qu Deye, Li Ting et al. Effects of permafrost degradation on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in the Shule River Headwaters, the Qilian Mountains. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2021, 41(1): 177-186. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.01.019
[5]	Zou Defu, Zhao Lin, Sheng Yu et al. A new map of permafrost distribution on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Cryosphere, 2017, 11(6): 2527-2542. doi: 10.5194/tc-11-2527-2017
[6]	赵林, 胡国杰, 邹德富, 等. 青藏高原多年冻土变化对水文过程的影响[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2019, 34(11): 1233-1246.
	Zhao Lin, Hu Guojie, Zou Defu et al. Permafrost changes and its effects on hydrological processes on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019, 34(11): 1233-1246.
[7]	蒋观利, 吴青柏. 地球物理测井在多年冻土厚度和地下冰调查中的应用[J]. 地球物理学报, 2016, 59(9): 3482-3490.
	Jiang Guanli, Wu Qingbai. Application of geophysical logging in the survey of permafrost thickness and underground ice. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2016, 59(9): 3482-3490.
[8]	杜二计, 赵林, 李韧. 探地雷达在祁连山多年冻土调查中的应用[J]. 冰川冻土, 2009, 31(2): 364-371.
	Du Erji, Zhao Lin, Li Ren. The application of ground penetrating radar to permafrost investigation in Qilian Mountains. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2009, 31(2): 364-371.
[9]	罗栋梁. 黄河源区冻土时空变化和模型研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院, 2012.
	Luo Dongliang. Monitoring, mapping and modeling of permafrost and active layer processes in the sources areas of the Yellow River (SAYR) on Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Beijing: Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012.
[10]	李静, 盛煜, 吴吉春, 等. 黄河源区冻土分布制图及其热稳定性特征模拟[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(4): 588-596. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.04.013
	Li Jing, Sheng Yu, Wu Jichun et al. Mapping frozen soil distribution and modeling permafrost stability in the source area of the Yellow River. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016, 36(4): 588-596. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.04.013
[11]	Gao Bing, Yang Dawen, Qin Yue. Change in frozen soils and its effect on regional hydrology, upper Heihe basin, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Cryosphere, 2018, 12(2): 657-673. doi: 10.5194/tc-12-657-2018
[12]	Guo Donglin, Wang Huijun. Simulation of permafrost and seasonally frozen ground conditions on the Tibetan Plateau, 1981-2010[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 2013, 118(11): 5216-5230. doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50457
[13]	李锐超, 谢瑾博, 谢正辉. 不同大气强迫作用下陆面模式CAS-LSM多年冻土活动层厚度模拟与不确定性研究[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2021, 26(1): 31-44.
	Li Ruichao, Xie Jinbo, Xie Zhenghui. Simulation and uncertainly of active layer thickness of permafrost by Land Surface Model CAS-LSM under different atmospheric forcing data. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2021, 26(1): 31-44.
[14]	Qin Yue, Lei Huimin, Yang Dawen et al. Long-term change in the depth of seasonally frozen ground and its ecohydrological impacts in the Qilian Mountains, northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2016, 542: 204-221. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.09.008
[15]	Shen Yan, Xiong Anyuan. Validation and comparison of a new gauge-based precipitation analysis over Chinese mainland[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2016, 36(1): 252-265. doi: 10.1002/joc.4341
[16]	Dai Yongjiu, Shangguan Wei, Duan Qingyun et al. Development of a China dataset of soil hydraulic parameters using Pedotransfer functions for Land Surface Modeling[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 2013, 14(3): 869-887. doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0149.1
[17]	Qin Yanhui, Wu Tonghua, Zhao Lin et al. Numerical modeling of the active layer thickness and permafrost thermal state across Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-atmospheres, 2017, 122(21): 11604-11620. doi: 10.1002/2017JD026858
[18]	Zhao Lin, Zou Defu, Hu Gguojie et al. A synthesis dataset of permafrost thermal state for the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, China. Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2021-1, in review, 2021.
[19]	Luo Dongliang, Jin Huijun, Marchenko Sergey S et al. Difference between near-surface air, land surface and ground surface temperatures and their influences on the frozen ground on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Geoderma, 2018, 312: 74-85. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.09.037
[20]	Cao Huiyu, Gao Bing, Gong Tingting et al. Analyzing changes in frozen soil in the source region of the Yellow River using the MODIS land surface temperature products[J]. Remote Sensing, 2021, 13(2): 180 doi: 10.3390/rs13020180
[21]	Smith M W, Riseborough D W. Permafrost monitoring and detection of climate change[J]. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 1996, 7(4): 301-309. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(199610)7:4<301::AID-PPP231>3.0.CO;2-R
[22]	Omar T. Farouki. The thermal properties of soils in cold regions[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 1981, 5(1): 67-75. doi: 10.1016/0165-232X(81)90041-0
[23]	Stefan J. Ueber die theorie der Eisbildung, insbesondere über die Eisbildung im Polarmeere[J]. Annalen der Physik, 1891, 278(2): 269-286. doi: 10.1002/andp.18912780206
[24]	蒋观利, 吴青柏, 张中琼. 青藏高原不同高寒生态系统类型下多年冻土活动层水热过程差异研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(1): 7-17.
	Jiang Guanli, Wu Qingbai, Zhang Zhongqiong. Study on the differences of thermal-moisture dynamics in the active layer of permafrost in different alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2018, 40(1): 7-17.

数据来源	观测时段	活动层厚度最大值/m	活动层厚度最小值/m	活动层厚度平均值/m
Zhao2021	2011—2013年	2.41	1.37	1.85
Qin2017	2009—2012年	0.86	2.10	1.34

数据来源	R²	RMSE/m
Zhao2021	0.97	0.55
Qin2017	0.40	0.46

Variation of Active Layer Thickness of Permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Based on MODIS Temperature Product

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 24

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	Cui Hang, Mu Haizhen. Impact factors of the threshold altitude for glacier development on the eastern Tibetan Plateau [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2023, 43(4): 754-762.
[2]	Li Lanhui, Huang Congcong, Zhang Yili, Liu Linshan, Wang Zhaofeng, Zhang Haiyan, Ding Mingjun, Zhang Huamin. Mapping the multi-temporal grazing intensity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using geographically weighted random forest [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2023, 43(3): 398-410.
[3]	Li Yan, Gong Jie, Dai Rui, Jin Tiantian. Spatio-temporal Variation of Vegetation Cover and Its Relationship with Climatic Factors and Human Activities in the Southwest Tibetan Plateau [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(5): 761-771.
[4]	Zhang D David, Wang Leibin, Matthew R Bennett, Zhang Shengda, Zhang Haiwei, Li Teng, Zhang Yue, Su Jiajia, Wang Xiaoqing. Artistic Creation of Hominin on the Tibetan Plateau: Hand and Foot Traces Analysis of Middle Pleistocene [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(5): 782-790.
[5]	Chen Fahu, Xia Huan, Gao Yu, Zhang Dongju, Yang Xiaoyang, Dong Guanghui. The Processes of Prehistoric Human Activities in the Tibetan Plateau: Occupation, Adaptation and Permanent Settlement [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(1): 1-14.
[6]	Wu Minghui, Qu Deye, Li Ting, Liu Fang, Gao Yayue, Chen Shengyun, Chen Tuo. Effects of Permafrost Degradation on Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in the Shule River Headwaters, the Qilian Mountains [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(1): 177-186.
[7]	Zhang Haipeng, Fan Jie, He Renwei, Liu Hanchu. Spatio-temporal Evolution of Settlements and Its Driving Mechanisms in Tibetan Plateau Pastoral Area: Taking Nagqu County in the Northern Tibet as an Example [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2019, 39(10): 1642-1653.
[8]	Jing Li, Yu Sheng, Jichun Wu, Ziliang Feng, Zuojun Ning, Xiaoying Hu, Xiumin Zhang. Mapping Frozen Soil Distribution and Modeling Permafrost Stability in the Source Area of the Yellow River [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(4): 588-596.
[9]	Jiangbo Gao, Wenjuan Hou, Dongsheng Zhao, Shaohong Wu. Comprehensive Assessment of Natural Ecosystem Vulnerability in Tibetan Plateau Based on Satellite-derived Datasets [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(4): 580-587.
[10]	Dong-liang LUO, Hui-jun JIN, Lin LIN, Yan-hui YOU, Si-zhong YANG, Yong-ping WANG. Distributive Features and Controlling Factors of Permafrost and the Active Layer Thickness in the Bayan Har Mountains along the Qinghai-Kangding Highway on Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2013, 33(5): 635-640.
[11]	Guo-jie HU, Lin ZHAO, Ren LI, Tong-hua WU, Yao XIAO, Ke-qin JIAO, Yong-ping QIAO, Yong-liang JIAO. The Water-thermal Characteristics of Frozen Soil Under Freeze-thaw Based on CoupModel [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2013, 33(3): 356-362.
[12]	Dong-liang LUO, Hui-jun JIN, Lin LIN, Rui-xia HE, Si-zhong YANG, Xiao-li CHANG. New Progress on Permafrost Temperature and Thickness in the Source Area of the Huanghe River [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(7): 898-904.
[13]	Yong-jian JIANG, Shi-jie LI, De-fu SHEN, Wei CHEN, Chuan-fang JIN. Climate Change and Its Impact on the Lake Environment in the Tibetan Plateau in 1971-2008 [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(12): 1503-1512.
[14]	Xiu-min ZHANG, Yu SHENG, Lin ZHAO, Ji-chun WU, Ji CHEN, Er-ji DU, Yan-hui YOU. Permafrost Distribution Using Sub-region Classification and Multivariate Data in the Wenquan Area over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(12): 1513-1520.
[15]	Hai-hui HAN, Ting GAO, Huan YI, Min YANG, Xiao-juan YAN, Guang-li REN, Jun-lu YANG. Extraction of Relief Amplitude Based on Change Point Method： A Case Study on the Tibetan Plateau [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(1): 101-104.