青藏高原耕地的空间分异及其影响因素

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Identifying the status quo, spatial differentiation and influencing factors of farmland has practical significance for optimizing and adjusting the spatial utilization pattern of farmland to guarantee the regional food security. Based on the 0.51-1.02 m high-resolution images of Google Earth, this study obtained the farmland area in 2018 and analyzed its spatial variation and causal factors on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by visual interpretation, GIS-based spatial analysis and geographic detector model. The results show that: 1) In 2018, total farmland area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was 133.73 million hm², decreased from east to west and from south and to north. Of the total farmland area, 33.27% is concentrated in the Yijiang Lianghe valleys of Tibet and the He-Huang valleys of Qinghai, while 76.02% and 75.41% are distributed within the range of 1600 m from roads and 5000 m from rivers, respectively. 2) Under the influence of topography and climate, the farmland shows a scattered and relatively concentrated spatial differentiation characteristic. Most farmland is concentrated in the zones between 3500-4000 m of elevation, 6°-15° of slope steepness, 400-600 mm of annual precipitation, and 0-5℃ of annual temperature, respectively. In other areas, the farmland area is small and mostly distributed in a point pattern. 3) The spatial distribution of farmland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was jointly influenced by natural factors including topography, climate and soil, as well as socioeconomic factors of GDP, population and location, ect. In particular, duration of sunshine hours and precipitation in the growing season, and slope steepness had the greatest influence, and generally determined the farmland spatial distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Key words: farmland, spatial differentiation, visual interpretation, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

CLC Number:

F129.9

Wei Hui, Lyu Changhe, Yin Xu. Spatial differentiation of farmland and influencing factors on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2023, 43(3): 379-387.

Figures/Tables 6

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Table 1

Table 2

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影响因子			q值	P值
注：q代表驱动因子对青藏高原耕地空间格局的影响力；P值代表显著性；^***表示在1%的水平上显著。
自然因子	地形因子	海拔X1	7.29	0.00^***
	地形因子	坡度X2	13.22	0.00^***
	气候因子	生长季均温X3	6.19	0.00^***
		生长季降水量X4	15.20	0.00^***
		生长季日照时数X5	18.95	0.00^***
		生长季最低气温X6	9.15	0.00^***
		生长季最高气温X7	5.71	0.00^***
	土壤因子	土壤质地X8	7.19	0.00^***
人文因子	经济因子	地区生产总值X9	7.21	0.00^***
		城镇化率X10	3.64	0.00^***
		农村居民人均可支配收入X11	6.05	0.00^***
	人口因子	年末常住人口X12	6.53	0.00^***
	人口因子	农村人口X13	6.52	0.00^***
	区位因子	距河流的距离X14	7.49	0.00^***
	区位因子	距道路的距离X15	1.78	0.00^***

	X1	X2	X3	X4	X5	X6	X7	X8	X9	X10	X11	X12	X13	X14	X15
注：加粗数值代表双因子加强；下划线数值代表非线性加强；变量解释见表1。
X1	0.07
X2	0.22	0.13
X3	0.18	0.19	0.06
X4	0.23	0.21	0.22	0.15
X5	0.27	0.25	0.25	0.23	0.19
X6	0.21	0.21	0.12	0.22	0.24	0.09
X7	0.18	0.19	0.08	0.22	0.25	0.13	0.06
X8	0.21	0.20	0.18	0.22	0.26	0.18	0.17	0.07
X9	0.20	0.22	0.18	0.23	0.25	0.20	0.17	0.19	0.07
X10	0.16	0.19	0.17	0.23	0.27	0.18	0.17	0.15	0.17	0.04
X11	0.18	0.19	0.15	0.24	0.25	0.15	0.15	0.16	0.22	0.19	0.06
X12	0.18	0.24	0.19	0.24	0.26	0.19	0.18	0.18	0.15	0.21	0.22	0.07
X13	0.20	0.23	0.18	0.25	0.25	0.19	0.18	0.18	0.19	0.21	0.22	0.12	0.07
X14	0.16	0.21	0.14	0.21	0.25	0.17	0.14	0.16	0.14	0.13	0.15	0.14	0.14	0.07
X15	0.11	0.17	0.10	0.19	0.22	0.13	0.10	0.11	0.12	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.11	0.14	0.02

Spatial differentiation of farmland and influencing factors on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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