基于生态系统服务供需关系的甘肃白龙江流域生态风险识别与管理

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Risk identification of ecosystem services (ESs) supply and demand are essential for optimizing ESs management. However, few studies focused on balancing ESs supply and demand in complex mountainous areas. In this study, InVEST model, supply-demand ratio coordination degree model, and spatial autocorrelation were used to quantitatively evaluate the supply-demand matching relationship of typical ecosystem services in Bailongjiang River Watershed in Gansu Province. Based on the identification of supply-demand risk, ecological management zones were delineated, and targeted management strategies were proposed. The results show that: 1) From 2002 to 2018, only the total food demand showed a decreasing trend, while the total supply of food, the entire supply and demand of water conservation, and soil conservation showed an increasing trend. In terms of quantity matching between supply and demand, only the whole food supply in 2002 and 2010 was less than the total demand, and the other services showed a surplus. 2) As to the spatial matching type of supply and demand, the dominant type of water conservation was high supply with low demand. The soil conservation was high supply with high demand and low supply with low demand, and food provision service was low supply with low demand. 3) Water conservation services' supply and demand risks are concentrated in the densely populated areas east of the Zhouqu-Wudu section of Bailongjiang River. The supply and demand risks of soil conservation services are mainly in the mountainous areas in the north of Diebu, the east of Dangchang, and most of Wudu and the risk areas of food production supply and demand are concentrated in the east of the watershed and the north of Zhouqu. 4) The BLJW can be divided into five levels of supply and demand risk areas according to the relationship between the supply and demand of the ecosystem. This study proposed an integrated management framework for the balanced spatial allocation of ecological and environmental resources, thus providing a new perspective and approach for enhancing ecosystem services and high-quality regional development.

Key words: ecosystem services, supply and demand relationship, spatial match, ecological zoning, watershed ecological management, the Bailongjiang River Watershed in Gansu

CLC Number:

X321

Zhu Yuehua, Hou Zongdong, Xu Caixian, Gong Jie. Ecological risk identification and management based on ecosystem service supply and demand relationship in the Bailongjiang River Watershed of Gansu Province[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2023, 43(3): 423-433.

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生态系统服务类型	总供给量			总需求量			供需比			均衡度
生态系统服务类型	2002年	2010年	2018年	2002年	2010年	2018年	2002年	2010年	2018年	2002年	2010年	2018年
注：供需比与均衡度无单位。
水源涵养/10⁹ m³	6.03	6.49	8.07	0.21	0.41	0.49	0.91	0.90	1.07	0.26	0.41	0.42
土壤保持/10⁸ t	4.53	7.73	9.18	0.41	0.85	1.02	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.53	0.51	0.52
食物生产/10⁶ kJ	2.43	4.10	4.73	4.15	4.00	3.16	-0.03	-0.03	-0.04	0.15	0.18	0.21

分区名称	面积占比/%	主要区域	自然和社会特征
生态控制区	40.26	流域西部、南部、宕昌舟曲临界共20个乡镇	自然保护地、国家公园、风景区等所在区域，人类活动少，水源涵养和土壤保持为主导的生态功能区
生态过渡区	33.63	白龙江迭部-舟曲段、白水江以北共36 个乡镇	位于地形较平坦的河谷附近，主要为林草地景观，适宜居民生活建设
城镇发展控制区	26.12	流域东部、宕昌西北部、文县中北部共43个乡镇	城乡居民生产生活集中，人口密度较大，是乡镇经济发展的核心地带，各项服务供需比较低
供需风险Ⅰ区	4.79	白龙江舟曲-武都段东部的11个乡镇	水源涵养、食物生产服务高供需风险，均位于人口密集乡镇，人类活动干扰较大，降水量较小
供需风险Ⅱ区	8.90	武都北部，文县东北部和宕昌北部14个乡镇	土壤保持供需风险高，食物生产供需较高风险，耕地和建设用地在河流两岸连片分布
供需风险Ⅲ区	1.98	流域东北部4个乡镇	食物供需高风险，土壤保持较高风险，主要为草地景观

Ecological risk identification and management based on ecosystem service supply and demand relationship in the Bailongjiang River Watershed of Gansu Province

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