Abstract: By studying the sustainable, fast and healthy economic development in the Changjiang River valley, harmonious development in the upper, middle and lower reaches, the adjustment of industrial structures and the implementation of favorable industrial policies, development of export-oriented economy, the development and rational layout of fundamental industries and infrastructures, harmonious development among cities of large, middle and small scales, urban and rural unification, rational exploritation and utilization of natural resources, the harnessing and protection of eco-environment, this paper analyzes the main tendency of sustainable development in the Changjiang River valley, the existing problems and the countermeasures.