Measurement and Spatial Analysis of Quality of Life of Urban Residents in Northeast China
Received date: 2014-01-10
Request revised date: 2014-04-22
Online published: 2015-02-15
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The problem of people's quality of life (QOL) is the focus of today′s society and Chinese government, which needs to be tackled during the process of completing the establishment of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. In this article, we first review the existing QOL-related literature appeared in many areas such as sociology, philosophy and geography, and then we make 34 municipal districts of the prefecture-level cities in northeast China as our study object and build a comprehensive index system to measure the QOL index based on the structure of contemporary Chinese values. Finally, we adopt exploratory spatial data analysis and multivariable linear regression model to analyze the spatial variation and its driving factors of urban QOL in northeast China. The results are shown as follows. First, the urban QOL presents a hierarchical spatial structure; residents in cities located in the medium-south part of Liaoning province tend to have higher quality of life compared with other cities in Northeast China, and the residents′ QOL in cities of north Heilongjiang province are more likely to be low. Second, the “Polarization” of the urban QOL is obvious, the “hotspot” areas distribute to the middle part of the Songnen Plain as an intersectional shape of the direction of “North-south” and “West-east”, while the “coldspot” areas concentrate in the eastern and northern cities of Heilongjiang Province. Third, the results of multivariable linear regression indicate that economic capacity, industrial structure, urbanization and geographical proximity are key influencing factors of the spatial variation features, of which, economic capacity has deciding impact on the urban QOL in northeast China, the spatial pattern of the QOL is high anastomose to that of GDP per capita, that is, the more developed economy, the higher QOL. Since the “reform and opening up”, the fast transition of society and economy improves greatly the residents` income in China, however, the development model of emphasizing excessively economic growth has brought about series issues such as unfair allocation, differential rich and poor, degraded environment and bereaved happiness. As one of the most typical old industrial bases, the issues of the QOL is much more serious and urgent than that of other region in China, therefore, the local government should impel vigorously the reform of social security, education, reside and medical treatment so as to improve the rural QOL and reduce the regional gap .
Key words: Northeast China; QOL index; ESDA; multi-linear regression model; influencing factors
WANG Zhe-ye , CHENG Ye-qing , MA Jing , YE Xin-yue , WEI Ye-hua . Measurement and Spatial Analysis of Quality of Life of Urban Residents in Northeast China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2015 , 35(2) : 190 -195 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.02.190
Table 1 Index system of quality of life (QOL)表1 居民生活质量指标体系 |
价值观维度 | 初级指标 | 高级指标 |
---|---|---|
公共利益 | 人均绿地面积(V11) | 建成区绿化覆盖率(V12) |
家庭本位 | 人口死亡率(V21) | 粗离婚率(V22) |
守法从众 | 犯罪人数比重(V31) | 交通事故死亡率(V32) |
人伦情感 | 社区服务机构数(V41) | 城镇居民文教娱乐支出(V42) |
才能务实 | 每百人公共图书藏(V51) | 每万人拥有医生数(V52) |
功利物质 | 综合指标1(V61) | 综合指标2(V62) |
Fig.1 Spatial pattern of urban QOL in Northeast China图1 东北地区城市民生质量空间格局 |
Fig.2 Spatial display of Moran scatter plot of urban QOL in Northeast China图2 东北地区城市民生质量Moran’s I 散点空间分布 |
Table 2 Results of multivariable linear regression表2 多元线性回归分析结果 |
系数 | t统计量 | P | |
---|---|---|---|
常数项 | -2.7375*** | -4.3806 | 0.0002 |
PGDP | 0.1875*** | 3.8695 | 0.0006 |
IS | -0.2782*** | -3.0347 | 0.0052 |
UR | 0.4103** | 2.6963 | 0.0117 |
FDI | 0.0144 | 0.6910 | 0.4952 |
DT | -0.0257* | -1.7719 | 0.0873 |
Fig.3 Spatial display of urban per capita GDP in Northeast China图3 东北地区城市人均GDP(元)空间分布 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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