Comparative Analysis of Prehistoric Sites Distribution Around 4 ka B.P. in Gansu-Qinghai Region Based on GIS
Received date: 2010-10-18
Request revised date: 2011-08-18
Online published: 2012-01-20
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In Gansu-Qinghai Region, compared with the previous Majiayao culture, the distribution of Qijia culture’s northern boundary trended south and the overall elevation lowered, which is the response to 4 200 a B.P. extreme events of arid climate and temperature drop. Distribution of Qijia culture sites are sparser than Majiayao, the shortest distance between sites become larger and the dependence on the river reduced, which shows that animal husbandry came into being during the period of Qijia culture. Density analysis showed that Majiayao single-core condensed settlement model evolved into Qijia′s multi-core model around 4 ka B.P.,and it implies that Qijia community splited into several tribal groups .Extreme weather events caused the agricultural productivity decrease , resource deterioration and frequent inter-tribal war, which stimulated the formation of patriarchy and progress of smelting technology. So extreme weather events around 4 200 a B.P. promoted the production of animal husbandry, the establishment of patriarchy and the generation of smelting technology, eventually make the Gansu-Qinghai prehistoric society complicated and organized.
HOU Guang-liang , XU Chang-jun , XIAO Jing-yi . Comparative Analysis of Prehistoric Sites Distribution Around 4 ka B.P. in Gansu-Qinghai Region Based on GIS[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012 , 32(1) : 116 -120 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.01.116
Fig.1 Changes of temperature and precipitation in event around 4 ka B.P.图1 4 ka B.P.事件中降水和温度的变化 |
Fig.2 Distribution of culture sites of Majiayao and Qijia in Gansu-Qinghai Region图2 甘青地区马家窑和齐家文化遗址分布 |
Fig.3 Density of culture sites of Majiayao and Qijia in Gansu-Qinghai Region图3 甘青地区马家窑和齐家文化遗址密度 |
Fig.4 The impact model of climate events in 4 000 a B.P. on the prehistoric culture in Gansu-Qinghai Region图4 4 ka B.P.气候事件对甘青史前文化的影响模式 |
Table 1 The proportion of prehistoric sites in the buffers of rivers表1 各河流缓冲区史前遗址所占比例 |
1 km缓冲 | 1~2 km缓冲 | 2~3 km缓冲 | 3~5 km缓冲 | 5 km缓冲 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
马家窑遗址数(%) | 11.97 | 11.86 | 9.87 | 12.53 | 46.2 |
齐家遗址数(%) | 9.03 | 7.78 | 10.04 | 21.08 | 47.9 |
Fig.5 The relationship between distribution of culture sites of Majiayao and Qijia and rivers in Gansu-Qinghai Region图5 甘青地区马家窑和齐家文化遗址与河流的关系 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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