With the development of industrialization and informatization, not only the cities have been in a giant change, but also its spatial pattern has experienced the complicated and profound change. Based on the hypothesis of closed features of urban systems and linear two-way flow between the elements of the cities, according to the theory of gravity model, this paper brings forward a formula of gravity and fracture point based on the analysis and calculation of gravity and fracture point of 17 cities in Anhui Province. This paper reaches a conclusion that there is a growing trend of urban agglomerations in Anhui Province, in which its capital city—Hefei has become a regional center. This research shows that the locking and shielding effects has emerged between the cities in Anhui Province, resulting in accelerating tendency of center-deviated and imbalance of spatial distribution in the development of cites in Anhui Province, in which there is a huge difference between the dense eastern parts and western parts. Furthermore, this paper deduces some enlightening guidance and makes some suggestions: 1) the center-city-based urban spatial pattern should be established; 2) relying on the center-city, the strategy implementation of coordinated and jointed developments should be put into practice as soon as possible; 3) the infrastructure construction, especially urban transport system, should be paid more attention to; and 4) the government should play a leading role in the future spatial development. In the near future, with the implementation of the series of strategic measures and improvement of transport facilities, urban system in Anhui Province is further improved to be more rational pattern of urban spatial patterns.