The spatial differential features of climate conditions, vegetation ecology, soil environment and water envionmnet are analysed in this paper. The ecological functions in different regions are discussed. The results show that, in arid inland river basins the climate conditions and geomorphologic features are the main factors that govern the formation and variance of soil and water environments and vegetation ecology. The main environmental factors which are related with and depended on each other, have formed the spatial distribution laws of eco-environment and the spatial variance of ecological functions in inland rvier basins. Recognizing these laws and functions of elo-environment in different regions was the foundation of rational utilization of the water and land resources.