The Hengduan Mountain region(HMR)is a transitional zone from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Sichuan Basin,with mountains and deep gorges running in parallel from north to south,The vertical zonation here is very conspicuous,and the agricultural development in various altitudinal zones is very different, Vertical zonation,agricultural distribution(including plantation,forestry and animal husbandty)are discussed in the paper,The complex regional differentiation is correlated with the geographical location,and absolute and relative altitudes, From southeastern and southwestern margins to the interior,with increasing altitude,in addition to the differences of the basal belt,there is a decrease in number of vertical zones and simplification of spectra,The regional differentiation of upper forests limits and the dry valleys are discussed, It is considered that HMR is a complex ecosystem,in which the vertical zonation is a natural base of vertical distribution of agriculture,The exploitation and utilization of natural resources should be paid attention to,After discussing present agricultural situation,it is pointed out thai diversified economy development should be emphasized and taken as a fundamental policy;the mountain agto-ecosystem with forests as main parts should be established;the existing farm land should be fully utilized so as to increase per unit yield;economic forests and fruit trees should be vigorously developed;contradiction between plantation and animal husbandry should be well coordinated;and plantation,forestry and animal husbandry should be well developed together,So far as this,special farming system in HMR could be established.