Based on the meteorologic data during last 50 years, this paper analyzes the characteristics of climate change in the altitudinal belts with linear tendency rate, Mann-Kendall and Wavelet of Mexican Hat. The results indicate that annual temperature increased significantly in the low mountain zone with the tendency rate of 0.554℃/10yr, contributed by winter warming, differing from middle mountain zone and alpine zone which were dominated by autumn warming. Besides amplitude of annual temperature departures changed most significantly in the 21th century in middle mountain zone, in other zones the annual temperature fluctuated greatest in the 1990s. Response of annual temperature jump transition in the lower zones is earlier than the middle mountain and alpine zone in the generational scale (2 yr), whereas alpine zone responded earliest in the decadal scale (16-23 yr). Annual precipitation in the alpine zone increased the most at a tendency rate of 20.8 mm/10 yr, attributed to summer rainfall. Amplitude of annual precipitation departures fluctuated greatest in the 1980s in other zones except the alpine zone, the highest amplitude of which was in the 1990s. Response to the annual precipitation jump transition was lagged with the increase of altitude.
[1] IPCC.Climate Change 2007:Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change[M].Cambridge,UK and New York,USA:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[2] Hansen J,Lebedeff S.Global trends of measured surface air temperature[J].Journal of Geophysical Research l987,92d:13345-l3372.
[3] 林学春,于淑秋,唐国利.中国近百年温度序列[J].大气科学,l995,19(5):525~534.
[4] 符淙斌,王强.南亚夏季风气候的突变现象及其与全球迅速增暖的同步性[J].中国科学(B辑),1991,21(6):666~672.
[5] 施雅风,沈永平,李栋梁,等.中国西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型的特征和趋势探讨[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(2):152~164.
[6] 施雅风,沈永平,胡汝骥.西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型的信号、影响和前景初步探讨[J].冰川冻土,2002,24(3):219~226.
[7] 房巧敏,龚道溢,毛睿.中国近46年来冬半年日降水变化特征分析[J].地理科学,2007,27(5):711~717.
[8] 任朝霞,杨达源.近50a西北干旱区气候变化趋势研究[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(2):299~300.
[9] 施雅风.中国西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型问题评估[M].北京:气象出版社,2003.
[10] 杨青.新疆气候变化[J].新疆气象,1997,12(1):10~20.
[11] 李红军,江志红,魏文寿.近40年来塔里木河流域旱涝的气候变化[J].地理科学,2007,27(6):801~807.
[12] 胡汝骥,马虹,樊自力,等.新疆水资源对气候变化的响应[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(1):22~27.
[13] 吴素芬,刘志辉,韩萍,等.气候变化对乌鲁木齐河流域水资源的影响[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(5):703~706.
[14] 卢爱刚,庞德谦,何元庆,等.全球升温对中国区域温度纬向梯度的影响[J].地理科学,2006,26(3):345~350.
[15] 孙风华,任国玉,赵春雨,等.中国东北地区及不同典型下垫面的气温异常变化分析[J].地理科学,2005,25(2):167~171.
[16] 崔彩霞,杨青,王胜利.1960~2003年新疆山区与平原积雪长期变化的对比分析[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(4):486~490.
[17] 叶佰生,丁永建,康尔泗,等.近40 a来新疆地区冰雪径流对气候变暖的响应[J].中国科学(D),1999,29(增刊):40~46.
[18] 张家宝,史玉光.新疆气候变化及短期气候预测研究[M].北京:气象出版社,2002.
[19] 魏文寿,何清,刘明哲,等.准噶尔盆地的气候变化与荒漠环境研究[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(2):101~105.
[20] 史玉光,杨青,魏文寿.沙漠绿洲-高山冰雪气候带的垂直变化特征研究[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(5):488~492.
[21] 张新时.天山北部山地-绿洲-过渡带-荒漠系统的生态建设与可持续农业范式[J].植物学报,2001,43(12):1294~1299.
[22] 赵洪壮,李有利,杨景春,等.基于DEM数据的北天山地貌形态分析[J].地理科学,2009,29(3):445~449.
[23] 张百平,谭娅,莫申国.天山数字垂直带谱体系与研究[J].山地学报,2004,22(2):184~192.
[24] 冯缨.天山北坡中段草地多样性研究.新疆农业大学,2005.
[25] Wang Shaowu,Zhu Jinjiang, Cai Jingning.Interdecadal Variability of Temperature and Precipitation in China since 1880[J].Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2004,21(3):307-313.
[26] 苏宏超,魏文寿,韩萍.新疆近50 a来的气温和蒸发变化[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(2):174~178.
[27] 贾文雄,何元庆,李宗省,等.近50年来河西走廊平原区气候变化的区域特征及突变分析[J].地理科学,2008,28(4):525~531.
[28] 贾文雄,何元庆,李宗省,等.祁连山区气候变化的区域差异特征及突变分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(3):257~269.
[29] 宋连春.西北干旱气候变化及其对全球变暖的响应研究.南京信息工程大学,2005.
[30] 何文平.动力学结构突变检测方法的研究及其应用.兰州大学,2005.
[31] 尤卫红,段旭.全球、中国及云南近百年气温变化的层次结构和突变特征[J].热带气象学报,1998,14(2):173~180.
[32] 范丽红.新疆天山山区与南、北疆气候变化及其影响的比较研究.新疆大学,2006.
[33] 靳立亚,符娇兰,陈发虎.近44年来中国西北降水量变化的区域差异[J].地理科学,2005,25(5):567~572.
[34] 任国玉,吴虹,陈正洪.我国降水变化趋势的空间特征[J].应用气象学报,2000,11(3):322~330.
[35] 张丽旭,魏文寿.天山西部中山带积雪变化趋势与气温和降水的关系——以巩乃斯河谷为例[J].山地学报,2001,19(5):403~407.
