Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Settlement in Less Developed Areas: Taking Suzhou of Anhui Province as An Example
Received date: 2011-10-19
Request revised date: 2011-12-25
Online published: 2012-06-20
Copyright
Settlements are places of habitation, production and the living for people. In this paper, we studied the spatial patterns and its influencing factors of settlement in the less developed area—Suzhou of Anhui Province. Five pattern indices (including the Area, the Mean Patch Area, the Patch Density, Average Nearest Distance and the Aggregation Index ) were computed and analyzed using FRAGSTATS, and the shape index and the spatial neighboring length and number between the residential area and other patches were calculated using ArcGIS. Here the Nearest Index that determines the type of residential area distribution were counted using the method of settlement geography, and the radius of cultivation were computed using the method of buffer zone. The results indicated that the settlement is the most broadly distributed and dominate the landscape patches. The mean of the residential area is small and the shape is simple but its aggregation index is high. The farmland is the type that has highest neighboring length with residential area, suggesting a complex and close relationship between them. The distribution of residential area is random. Farmland is the most important factor which effect rural settlement spatial pattern, rural settlements′ distribution obvious influenced by the central town. More than 50% of the residential areas are distributed in general highway within 1.4 km. By using the buffer analysis method, the settlement cultivated radius is calculated which can reveal the cultivated land distribution and the relationship between the settlement distribution and its influence factor. Through the GIS, the landscape pattern analysis and settlement analysis method, the spatial distribution pattern of the settlement differences and their impact factor can be revealed. It is the effective method to explore the landscape pattern formation mechanism. The research of the settlement in less developed areas of the landscape pattern is feasible. It is a guiding role to study the village layout and planning, discuss settlements and villages′ landscape and argue the relationship between the cultivated land and village.
Key words: settlement; spatial pattern; influencing factors; the less developed areas
LI Hong-bo , ZHANG Xiao-lin , WU Jiang-guo , Wu Qi-yan . Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Settlement in Less Developed Areas: Taking Suzhou of Anhui Province as An Example[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012 , 32(6) : 711 -716 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.06.711
Fig. 1 Percentage of area and numbers of landscape types in Suzhou Area图1 宿州地区景观类型面积和斑块数目百分比 |
Table 1 Spatial pattern of settlement area in Suzhou Area表1 宿州地区聚落空间格局特征 |
TA (hm2) | AREA_MN (km2) | PD (个/km2) | D | AI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
砀山县 | 15 917 | 37 | 2.67 | 1.371 | 93.485 |
萧县 | 23 138 | 41 | 2.45 | 1.449 | 93.498 |
埇桥区 | 26 852 | 36 | 2.77 | 1.436 | 93.625 |
灵璧县 | 20 974 | 36 | 2.76 | 1.484 | 93.246 |
泗县 | 16 424 | 31 | 3.27 | 1.546 | 91.929 |
宿州市 | 103 270 | 36 | 2.75 | 1.457 | 93.126 |
注:TA:聚落面积;AREA—MN:平均斑块面积;PD:斑块数;D:形状指数;AI:聚集度。 |
Table 2 Spatial neighboring properties between the settlements and other types in Suzhou Area表2 宿州市聚落斑块与其它景观类型的空间邻接特征 |
邻接类型 | 邻接长度 (m) | 邻接长度 百分比(%) | 邻接数目 (个) | 邻接数目 百分比(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
耕地 | 6 898 849 | 80.95 | 2 703 | 70.74 |
园地 | 1 341 790 | 15.74 | 698 | 18.27 |
林地 | 55 776 | 0.65 | 104 | 2.72 |
其它农用地 | 5 998 | 0.07 | 12 | 0.31 |
交通水利用地 | 2 551 | 0.03 | 14 | 0.37 |
未利用地 | 117 524 | 1.38 | 132 | 3.45 |
水域 | 100 322 | 1.18 | 158 | 4.14 |
Table 3 Indexes of the nearest settlement in Suzhou Area表3 宿州市及其各县(区)聚落的最临近指数 |
总面积 (km2) | 聚落数 (个) | 聚落平均最 邻近距离(m) | 聚落最邻近 距离指数(NI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
砀山县 | 1 197 | 425 | 468 | 0.56 |
萧县 | 1 852 | 567 | 482 | 0.53 |
埇桥区 | 2 908 | 744 | 575 | 0.58 |
灵璧县 | 2 132 | 579 | 544 | 0.57 |
泗县 | 1 852 | 537 | 542 | 0.58 |
宿州市 | 9 941 | 2 852 | 524 | 0.56 |
Table 4 Buffer distance of settlement and the farmland area in Suzhou Area表4 宿州市聚落缓冲区距离与耕地面积 |
实际耕地 面积(km2) | 缓冲区距 离(m) | 缓冲区面 积(km2) | 缓冲区内耕地 面积(km2) | 缓冲区内耕地面积 与实际之比(%) | 聚落最邻 近指数 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
砀山县 | 214.5 | 152 | 213.7 | 26.0 | 12.11 | 0.56 |
萧县 | 1 300.4 | 654 | 1 300.3 | 1 043.2 | 80.22 | 0.53 |
埇桥区* | 2 346.3 | 964 | 2 345.9 | 2 023.7 | 86.25 | 0.58 |
灵璧县* | 1 816.8 | 963 | 1 816.2 | 1 616.7 | 88.98 | 0.57 |
泗县* | 1 617.6 | 976 | 1 617.6 | 1 456.6 | 90.05 | 0.58 |
宿州市 | 7 298.0 | 748 | 7 298.1 | 5 709.2 | 78.23 | 0.56 |
Fig.2 The number and proportion of settlements to the standard highway图2 居民点距一般等级公路距离的个数和比例(注:主要横坐标轴每一距离带区间为200 m,0~3 000 m共被划分为15个距离带区间,按顺序编号) |
Fig.3 Percentage of patch area and patch numbers of settlement within distance belts图3 各距离带内聚落斑块个数和面积百分数(注:主要横坐标轴每一距离区间为500 m,0~9 000 m共被划分为18个距离区间,按顺序编号) |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
[1] |
|
[2] |
|
[3] |
|
[4] |
|
[5] |
|
[6] |
|
[7] |
|
[8] |
|
[9] |
|
[10] |
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
|
[13] |
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
李旭旦主编.人文地理学概说[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:103.
|
[16] |
|
/
〈 | 〉 |