Production Water Footprint of Maize in the West of Jilin Province
Received date: 2011-09-10
Request revised date: 2012-01-29
Online published: 2012-05-28
Copyright
Maize is the main crop in the west of Jilin Province. According to the field experiments in the west of Jilin Province, this paper discusses the water requirement of maize growth and the changes of water source in different years based on the same soil and farm management conditions, namely, comparatively analyzes the dynamic change of maize production water footprint. It is useful for the rational utilization of water resources, the protection of ecological environment and the agricultural sustainable development. The results of the 3 years field experiments (2005,2006 and 2007)indicate that the major portion of maize production water footprint is green water with more than 80%. The blue water footprint is less than 1% and the gray water footprint is between 10%-20%. In the green water footprint, the effective precipitation footprint is more than 70% in the abundant rainfall year. By contrast, in the drought year it accounts for 50%, while in the extreme drought year, it only accounts for 30%. They will bring about an adverse effect on the soil moisture balance. During the 3 years, the blue water per unit weight of maize is about 0.005-0.006 m3/kg, which is lower than 1% of the maize water requirement per unit weight. The green water per unit weight of maize is 0.559-0.839 m3/kg, accounting for more than 99% of maize water requirement per unit weight. The gray water per unit weight of maize is 0.099-0.122 m3/kg. According to the study of water footprint of maize production, it clearly shows that green water occupies an important position in rain-fed agriculture and food security in the west of Jilin Province.
Key words: water footprint; maize; west of Jilin Province
QIN Li-jie , JIN Ying-hua , DUAN Pei-li . Production Water Footprint of Maize in the West of Jilin Province[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012 , 32(8) : 1020 -1025 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.08.1020
Fig.1 Monthly mean precipitation in 2005, 2006 and 2007 and in 1953-2007图1 1953~2007年月平均降水量及2005~2007年的月平均降水量 |
Fig.2 Water requirement in maize growing season in 2005, 2006 and 2007图2 2005~2007年玉米生长季各月需水量 |
Table 1 Maize growing water requirement in per unit weight of maize in 2005, 2006 and 2007(m3/kg)表1 2005~2007年单位质量玉米生长需水量 (m3/kg) |
5月 | 6月 | 7月 | 8月 | 9月 | 合计 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005年 | 0.070 | 0.151 | 0.185 | 0.123 | 0.035 | 0.564 |
2006年 | 0.071 | 0.173 | 0.220 | 0.134 | 0.035 | 0.633 |
2007年 | 0.085 | 0.256 | 0.276 | 0.183 | 0.045 | 0.845 |
Table 2 Blue water footprint and green water footprint of maize in 2005, 2006 and 2007(m3/hm2)表2 2005~2007年玉米生长需水中的蓝水、绿水足迹 (m3/hm2) |
玉米需水量 | 蓝水足迹 | 绿水足迹 | |
---|---|---|---|
2005年 | 4248 | 40 | 4208 |
2006年 | 5134 | 40 | 5094 |
2007年 | 5590 | 40 | 5550 |
Table 3 Blue water volume and green water volume in per unit weight of maize in 2005, 2006 and 2007(m3/kg)表3 2005~2007年单位质量玉米蓝水、绿水量(m3/kg) |
单位质量玉米 蓝水量 | 单位质量玉米蓝水量占单位 质量玉米需水量的比例 | 单位质量 玉米绿水量 | 单位质量玉米绿水量占单位 质量玉米需水量的比例 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
2005年 | 0.005 | 0.9% | 0.559 | 99.1% |
2006年 | 0.005 | 0.8% | 0.628 | 99.2% |
2007年 | 0.006 | 0.7% | 0.839 | 99.3% |
Fig.3 Composition of maize green water footprint in 2005, 2006 and 2007图3 2005~2007年玉米绿水足迹分解 |
Fig.4 Composition of maize production water footprint in 2005, 2006 and 2007图4 2005~2007年玉米生产水足迹分解 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
[1] |
|
[2] |
|
[3] |
|
[4] |
|
[5] |
|
[6] |
|
[7] |
|
[8] |
|
[9] |
|
[10] |
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
|
[13] |
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
|
[16] |
|
[17] |
|
[18] |
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |