Evolution Analysis of Relative Efficiency of Provincial Tourist Resources
Received date: 2012-09-10
Request revised date: 2012-11-20
Online published: 2013-08-16
Copyright
The tourist efficiency is one of the central issues of domestic tourism research. By selecting the panel data of 31 provinces in Chinese Mainland from 2000 to 2010, this article firstly used the entropy method to calculate the superiority degree of provincial tourist resources, and then evaluated the relative efficiency of provincial tourist resources by the means of the modified DEA model, and thirdly made an spatial analysis about the evolution of various efficiency by applying the methods of Getis-Ord Gi *, gravity centre, standard deviational ellipses and fractal theory. The results are as follows: the relative efficiency of provincial tourist resources in Chinese Mainland is driven by the pure technical efficiency, which reflects that the intensive growth of tourist resources has made some progress. Generally speaking, the total efficiency of tourist resources in the eastern and middle area is driven by the pure technical efficiency, but the total efficiency in the west is driven by the scale efficiency. Through the analysis of Getis-Ord Gi*, we can find that the total efficiency of the hot-spot areas has not changed greatly, but the hot-spot areas of the pure technology efficiency has transferred from the southwest of China to the Changjiang Delta and its surroundings, and the hot-spot areas of the scale efficiency has transferred from the northwest of China to the Changjiang Delta as well as Beijing and Tianjin. All in all, the gravity centre of the total efficiency and the pure technology efficiency have shifted to the northeast, however, the gravity centre of the scale efficiency has shifted to the southwest. From the perspective of rotationθof the standard deviational ellipses, the total and pure technology efficiencies generally present a northeast-southwest spatial distribution pattern, and the scale efficiency roughly presents a east-west spatial distribution pattern. For the relative efficiency has some fractal characteristics, the various efficiency of provincial tourism resource of China will continue to show growth trend in the future. Constrained by the selected indicators and research data, this study has still some limitations. For one thing, what has been calculated in this article is a relative efficiency, and the result is just a ratio, which has not fully reflected the actual efficiency of tourist resources; for another, the efficiency of tourist resources is a complex problem, also involving in location, economic development, and even the travel mode, this study does not take into account these factors which are also directions for the future research. However, the conclusions of this study are in line with the actual situation fundamentally. As a result, we should increase the investment in capital, technology, talent and change the growth mode of tourism in order to improve the pure technology efficiency of tourist resources; in addition, due to the decrease of scale returns, we should try to avoid only pursuing the amount and preventing the idleness and waste of the tourist resources in the future.
FANG Ye-lin , HUANG Zhen-fang , YU Feng-long , TU Wei . Evolution Analysis of Relative Efficiency of Provincial Tourist Resources[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2013 , 33(11) : 1354 -1361 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.011.1354
Fig.1 The superiority about tourism resources in 2000-2010图1 2000~2010年旅游资源优势度 |
Table 1 The calculation results of efficiency表1 各项效率的计算结果 |
省 份 | 总效率 | 纯技术效率 | 规模效率 | 规模报酬 | 省 份 | 总效率 | 纯技术效率 | 规模效率 | 规模报酬 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
北 京 | 0.031 | 0.811 | 0.038 | drs | 广 西 | 0.033 | 0.187 | 0.177 | drs |
天 津 | 0.223 | 0.312 | 0.714 | drs | 海 南 | 0.027 | 0.069 | 0.397 | drs |
河 北 | 0.009 | 0.224 | 0.041 | drs | 重 庆 | 0.021 | 0.181 | 0.118 | drs |
山 西 | 0.010 | 0.190 | 0.051 | drs | 四 川 | 0.023 | 0.889 | 0.026 | drs |
内蒙古 | 0.025 | 0.128 | 0.198 | drs | 贵 州 | 0.022 | 0.173 | 0.126 | drs |
辽 宁 | 0.034 | 0.480 | 0.071 | drs | 云 南 | 0.013 | 0.233 | 0.056 | drs |
吉 林 | 0.019 | 0.126 | 0.152 | drs | 西 藏 | 0.002 | 0.012 | 0.152 | drs |
黑龙江 | 0.038 | 0.178 | 0.212 | drs | 陕 西 | 0.016 | 0.194 | 0.082 | drs |
上 海 | 0.807 | 0.807 | 1.000 | — | 甘 肃 | 0.004 | 0.040 | 0.099 | drs |
江 苏 | 0.061 | 0.987 | 0.062 | drs | 青 海 | 0.011 | 0.015 | 0.694 | drs |
浙 江 | 0.042 | 0.726 | 0.058 | drs | 宁 夏 | 0.010 | 0.012 | 0.806 | drs |
安 徽 | 0.010 | 0.211 | 0.045 | drs | 新 疆 | 0.012 | 0.074 | 0.160 | drs |
福 建 | 0.017 | 0.348 | 0.049 | drs | 均值 | 0.055 | 0.344 | 0.192 | |
江 西 | 0.034 | 0.425 | 0.081 | drs | MAX | 0.807 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |
山 东 | 0.024 | 0.607 | 0.040 | drs | MIN | 0.002 | 0.012 | 0.026 | |
河 南 | 0.024 | 0.470 | 0.051 | drs | 东部 | 0.115 | 0.547 | 0.227 | |
湖 北 | 0.016 | 0.287 | 0.055 | drs | 中部 | 0.022 | 0.254 | 0.103 | |
湖 南 | 0.021 | 0.270 | 0.078 | drs | 西部 | 0.013 | 0.182 | 0.232 | |
广 东 | 0.074 | 1.000 | 0.074 | drs |
Fig.2 The change of G index of total efficiency图2 总效率G指数的变化 |
Fig.3 The change of G index of pure technology efficiency图3 纯技术效率G指数的变化 |
Fig.4 The change of G index of scale efficiency图4 规模效率G指数的变化 |
Fig.5 The distribution of gravity centre and standard deviational ellipses of various efficiency图5 各项效率重心与标准差椭圆分布 |
Table 2 The change of rotation of various efficiency表2 各项效率转角θ变化 |
各项效率 | 总效率 | 纯技术效率 | 规模效率 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001年 | 2005年 | 2009年 | 2001年 | 2005年 | 2009年 | 2001年 | 2005年 | 2009年 | |
转角(°) | 38.335 | 13.734 | 14.248 | 49.320 | 20.357 | 24.821 | 82.783 | 78.704 | 86.020 |
Fig.6 Double logarithmic function between lnt and lnH图6 lnt与lnH的双对数函数关系 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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