Verification and measurement of food regional stereotype in the context of representation and non representation
Received date: 2023-03-28
Revised date: 2023-08-12
Online published: 2024-05-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071189)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071191)
Guangdong Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences in Colleges and Universities(2022WSYS004)
Copyright
Chinese culture is centered on food. In the context of representation and non representation theory, food crosses communities, nations, and boundaries. The cognition of food comes from the mobile life practice. There are customarily such expressions as “the sweet flavor in the south, the salty flavor in the north” and “he rice in the south, the wheat in the north”, can this be seen as a metaphor for the existence of widespread food territorial stereotypes? Based on mobility, it is worth to explore whether the food regional stereotype evolves dynamically or statically. This study adopted a mixed approach to validate and measure food regional stereotypes. Applying the exploratory sequence design, this study consisted of three sub-studies. Study 1 used content analysis to initially examine the basic content of food regional stereotype. Data was crawled from Bilibili through Python, and used Rost CM6 software to analyze network text and construct semantic social network. Study 2 recruited subjects through convenience sampling and used the questionnaire survey to test the food regional stereotypes at the explicit level. Study 3 conducted Implicit Association Test to examine the existence of food implicit regional stereotype, and the experiment was designed with two within-subject variables (semantic consistency: consistency or inconsistency)×(objective area: south or north). Study 1 showed that the food regional stereotypes of the subjects were mainly reflected in the preferences of staple food and taste of the north and the south, which were specifically expressed as “sour in east, hot in west, sweet in south and salty in north”, consistent with the people’s previous cognition of food regional differences. Study 2 showed that the subjects tended to choose food words that matched the region, and formed eight specific dimensions, including: northern staple food, northern flavor, northern portion, northern dish, southern staple food, southern flavor, southern portion, and southern dish. Study 3 showed that: when the priming words of staple food, flavor, portion, and dishes were consistent with the target region (such as “noodles and the north”), the responding time was significantly lower than the inconsistency (such as “noodles and the south”). Overall, this study showed that the subjects held the regional stereotype of food in implicit and explicit levels, and the specific contents could be divided into four dimensions: staple food preference, flavor preference, portion preference and specific dishes. This study has the following implications. At the theoretical level, this stable place perception represented by food reflects the dialectical relationship between representation and non representation theory, and expands the research content of immobility under the new mobility paradigm. From the perspective of practice, this study tries to interpret commonsense food regional stereotypes in a scientific way, so as to improve the public’s understanding of food regional stereotype and reduce food cultural conflicts.
Xiong Wei , Huang Meijiao , Zhong Shiyao , Luo Xiaowen . Verification and measurement of food regional stereotype in the context of representation and non representation[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2024 , 44(5) : 883 -889 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20230250
表1 南方、北方饮食刻板印象关键词频率统计Table 1 Keywords frequency of Southern and Northern food stereotype |
南方 | 北方 | |||
关键词 | 频次 | 关键词 | 频次 | |
饭 | 64 | 份量偏大 | 41 | |
白切鸡 | 25 | 饭菜量多 | 36 | |
份量偏少 | 20 | 面条 | 21 | |
清淡 | 18 | 重口 | 18 | |
清蒸鱼 | 14 | 小鸡炖蘑菇 | 13 | |
份量精致 | 13 | 偏咸 | 11 | |
偏甜 | 13 | 饺子 | 11 | |
淡口 | 10 | 浓酱重油 | 9 | |
少盐少油 | 9 | 锅包肉 | 9 | |
粥 | 7 | 重油盐 | 7 |
表2 南方、北方饮食刻板印象关键词均值统计Table 2 Keywords means of Southern and Northern food stereotype |
南方 | 北方 | |||||
关键词 | 均值±标准差 | t(4) | 关键词 | 均值±标准差 | t(4) | |
注:***为 P<0.001 ;t(4)代表关键词的均值与给定常数4(中立)之间是否存在显著差异。 | ||||||
米饭 | 6.10±0.90 | 9.36*** | 面食 | 6.03±0.78 | 10.09*** | |
白切鸡 | 6.05±0.86 | 9.39*** | 锅包肉 | 5.88±1.07 | 6.33*** | |
清蒸鱼 | 5.85±1.05 | 6.22 *** | 份量偏大 | 5.75±1.08 | 5,32*** | |
清淡 | 5.17±1.42 | 2,75*** | 重口 | 5.68±1.09 | 4.02*** | |
份量偏少 | 5.73±1.40 | 5.95*** | 饺子 | 5.53±1.47 | 8.94*** | |
偏甜 | 5.31±1.50 | 3.56*** | 偏咸 | 5.92±1.23 | 3.55*** |
表3 饮食地域刻板印象语义启动范式实验结果Table 3 Experimental results of semantic priming of food regional stereotypes |
食物启动词 | 地域及语义一致性 | (均值±标准差) | 地域及语义一致性 | (均值±标准差) | |
注:d为科恩(Cohen)值。 | |||||
主 食 | 南方一致 | 418.63±94.33 | 北方一致 | 382.03±87.8 | |
南方不一致 | 645.26±129.95 | 北方不一致 | 638.07±130.18 | ||
d=1.99 | d=2.30 | ||||
口 味 | 南方一致 | 475.49±111.95 | 北方一致 | 490.69±110.66 | |
南方不一致 | 683.82±123.41 | 北方不一致 | 707.19±114.29 | ||
d=1.76 | d=1.92 | ||||
份 量 | 南方一致 | 420.26±96.4 | 北方一致 | 410.13±88.22 | |
南方不一致 | 719.12±124.08 | 北方不一致 | 767.16±109.58 | ||
d=2.68 | d=3.58 | ||||
菜 品 | 南方一致 | 415.03±109.86 | 北方一致 | 419.77±109.36 | |
南方不一致 | 690.03±134.07 | 北方不一致 | 715.69±127.52 | ||
d=2.42 | d=2.49 |
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