Spatio-temporal dynamic evolution and driving mechanism of efficiency of urban-rural integration development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Received date: 2024-10-25
Revised date: 2025-03-10
Online published: 2025-07-18
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771162)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971188)
Copyright
Improving the efficiency of urban-rural integration development is a crucial scientific issue related to efficiency and quality changes. It is a vital approach for promoting coordinated regional economic development and meeting people’s needs for a better life. This paper uses methods such as the super-efficiency EBM model, Dagum Gini coefficient, spatial Markov chain, and spatial Durbin model to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution and driving mechanisms of the urban-rural integration development efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2021. The study finds that: 1) From 2006 to 2021, the efficiency of urban-rural integration development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a “decline-rise” trend, with the differentiation trend between cities showing a “decrease-increase-decrease” pattern. Regional differences between river basins are the main reasons for the divergence in urban-rural integration development efficiency. The overall spatial pattern shows a clear hierarchical “core-periphery” structure diffusion trend. 2) The urban-rural integration development efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt exhibits “path dependence” and “self-locking” effects, with significant spatial transmissibility. High-efficiency areas have a positive spatial spillover effect on neighboring regions. 3) The level of informatization and financial development have a negative and positive impact, respectively, on improving the efficiency of urban-rural integration development in both local and neighboring areas. The degree of openness and the level of human capital are important factors for improving local efficiency but have negative spillover effects on adjacent areas. The level of social consumption does not significantly affect the efficiency of urban-rural integration development.
Wang Zhaofeng , Yu Peixin . Spatio-temporal dynamic evolution and driving mechanism of efficiency of urban-rural integration development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE, 2025 , 45(7) : 1407 -1419 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20241234
表1 城乡融合发展效率评价指标体系Table 1 Evaluation index system for efficiency of urban-rural integration development |
| 指标类型 | 指标体系 | 具体内容 | ID |
| 投入指标 | 资本要素投入 | 科学技术/亿元 | I1 |
| 劳动力要素投入 | 教育/亿元 | I2 | |
| 医疗卫生/亿元 | I3 | ||
| 社会要素投入 | 社会保障和就业/亿元 | I4 | |
| 土地要素投入 | 农林水事务/亿元 | I5 | |
| 资源要素投入 | 节能环保/亿元 | I6 | |
| 产出指标 | 期望产出 | 城乡融合发展水平 | O1 |
| 非期望产出 | 碳排放量/万t | O2 |
表2 城乡融合发展水平评价指标体系Table 2 Evaluation index system for level of urban-rural integration development |
| 子系统 | 指标层 | 指标计量或描述 | 属性 | 权重 |
| 经济融合 | 人均地区生产总值 | GDP/平均人口/(元/人) | 正 | 0.074 |
| 城乡居民人均收入比 | 城镇居民人均可支配收入/农村居民人均可支配收入/% | 负 | 0.080 | |
| 人口融合 | 非农与农业从业比重 | 第二、三产业从业人数/第一产业从业人数/% | 正 | 0.080 |
| 人口城镇化水平 | 人口城镇化率/% | 正 | 0.079 | |
| 城乡恩格尔系数比 | 城市恩格尔系数/农村恩格尔系数/% | 正 | 0.079 | |
| 社会融合 | 城乡交通通讯对比系数 | 城镇居民人均交通通讯支出/农村居民人均交通通讯支出/% | 负 | 0.081 |
| 城乡文教娱乐对比系数 | 城镇居民人均文教娱乐服务支出/农村居民人均文教娱乐 服务支出/% | 负 | 0.081 | |
| 城乡失业保险覆盖率 | 城乡居民失业保险参保人数/常住人口数/% | 正 | 0.070 | |
| 空间融合 | 公路路网密度 | 公路运营里程/土地总面积/(km/km2) | 正 | 0.073 |
| 土地城镇化水平 | 建成区面积/土地总面积/% | 正 | 0.063 | |
| 生态融合 | 生活垃圾处理 | 生活垃圾无害化处理率/% | 正 | 0.080 |
| 节能减排能力 | 能源消耗总量/GDP/(万J/万元) | 负 | 0.081 | |
| 污染治理能力 | 污水处理率/% | 正 | 0.080 |
表3 传统马尔可夫转移矩阵Table 3 Traditional Markov Transition Matrix |
| 滞后类型 | 类型 | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ |
| 注:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ为城乡融合发展效率低、较低、较高、高4个类型。 | |||||
| 无滞后 | Ⅰ | 0.825 | 0.175 | 0 | 0 |
| Ⅱ | 0.102 | 0.759 | 0.139 | 0 | |
| III | 0 | 0.116 | 0.733 | 0.151 | |
| IV | 0 | 0 | 0.064 | 0.936 | |
表4 空间马尔可夫转移矩阵Table 4 Spatial Markov Transition Matrix |
| 滞后类型 | 类型 | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ |
| 注:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ含义见表3。 | |||||
| Ⅰ | Ⅰ | 0.886 | 0.114 | 0 | 0 |
| Ⅱ | 0.182 | 0.713 | 0.105 | 0 | |
| Ⅲ | 0.000 | 0.189 | 0.685 | 0.126 | |
| Ⅳ | 0 | 0 | 0.047 | 0.953 | |
| Ⅱ | Ⅰ | 0.753 | 0.247 | 0 | 0 |
| Ⅱ | 0.043 | 0.803 | 0.154 | 0 | |
| Ⅲ | 0 | 0.162 | 0.706 | 0.132 | |
| Ⅳ | 0 | 0 | 0.034 | 0.966 | |
| Ⅲ | Ⅰ | 0.662 | 0.338 | 0 | 0 |
| Ⅱ | 0.037 | 0.761 | 0.202 | 0 | |
| Ⅲ | 0 | 0.054 | 0.789 | 0.157 | |
| Ⅳ | 0 | 0 | 0.043 | 0.957 | |
| Ⅳ | Ⅰ | 0.882 | 0.118 | 0 | 0 |
| Ⅱ | 0 | 0.667 | 0.242 | 0.091 | |
| Ⅲ | 0 | 0.074 | 0.748 | 0.178 | |
| Ⅳ | 0 | 0 | 0.008 | 0.992 | |
表5 面板空间计量模型检验结果Table 5 Verification results of panel space econometric model |
| 检验方法 | 反距离矩阵 | 空间邻接矩阵 | 检验方法 | 反距离矩阵 | 空间邻接矩阵 | |
| 注: splg、spem分别表示spatial lag、spatial error; **、***分别表示在5%,1%水平上显著。 | ||||||
| Moran’s I | 56.850*** | 26.459*** | LR-splg | 45.150*** | 127.730*** | |
| LM-splg | 653.530*** | 541.541*** | LR-spem | 36.680*** | 125.430*** | |
| LM-spem | 689.221*** | Wald-splg | 11.920** | 62.010*** | ||
| Robust-LM-splg | 1.090 | 7.604*** | Wald-spem | 13.540*** | 71.210*** | |
| Robust-LM-spem | 155.284*** | LR-ind | 34.110*** | 83.430*** | ||
| Hausman | 25.600*** | 23.860** | LR-time | |||
表6 空间面板杜宾模型点估计结果Table 6 Point estimation of spatial panel Durbin model |
| 变量 | 反距离矩阵 | 空间邻接矩阵 |
| 注:W为空间滞后项;ρ为空间溢出效应;括号内为标准误差;FIN为金融发展水平;DEG为人口集聚程度;INF为信息化水平;TRA为交通水平;ENV为环境规制强度;*、**、***分别为在10%,5%,1%水平上显著。 | ||
| FIN | 0.007***(0.002) | 0.006***(0.002) |
| DEG | 0.004*(0.002) | 0.004*(0.002) |
| INF | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.001 (0.001) |
| TRA | 0.044**(0.021) | 0.044**(0.022) |
| ENV | 0.010 (0.017) | 0.006 (0.017) |
| W×FIN | 0.068***(0.019) | 0.008***(0.002) |
| W×DEG | 0.002 (0.028) | 0.004 (0.004) |
| W×INF | −0.025***(0.009) | −0.004*(0.002) |
| W×TRA | 0.029 (0.139) | 0.009 (0.036) |
| W×ENV | −0.403** (0.182) | −0.020 (0.030) |
| 时间 | 固定 | 固定 |
| 空间 | 固定 | 固定 |
| R2 | 0.158 | 0.003 |
| ρ | 0.250** | 0.148*** |
| Log-likelihood | ||
表7 空间效应分解结果Table 7 Decomposition results of spatial effects |
| 变量 | 反距离矩阵 | 空间邻接矩阵 | |||||
| 直接效应 | 间接效应 | 总效应 | 直接效应 | 间接效应 | 总效应 | ||
| 注:括号内数值为标准误差;*、**、***分别表示在10%,5%,1%水平上显著;变量解释见表6。 | |||||||
| FIN | 0.007*** | 0.095*** | 0.102*** | 0.006*** | 0.011*** | 0.017*** | |
| (0.002) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.003) | ||
| DEG | 0.004* | 0.004 | 0.008 | 0.004* | 0.005 | 0.010 | |
| (0.002) | (0.040) | (0.041) | (0.002) | (0.005) | (0.006) | ||
| INF | −0.001 | −0.034*** | −0.035*** | −0.001 | −0.004** | −0.006** | |
| (0.001) | (0.013) | (0.013) | (0.001) | (0.002) | (0.002) | ||
| TRA | 0.044** | 0.064 | 0.108 | 0.045** | 0.020 | 0.065* | |
| (0.020) | (0.186) | (0.180) | (0.021) | (0.038) | (0.036) | ||
| ENV | 0.008 | −0.531** | −0.522** | 0.006 | −0.020 | −0.014 | |
| (0.017) | (0.260) | (0.262) | (0.017) | (0.033) | (0.039) | ||
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