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  • 1988 Volume 8 Issue 2
    Published: 20 March 1988
      
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  • RESEARCH PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
    Huang Xichou, Wang Renhua, Zhang Xuelin
    1988, 8(2): 101-113,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.101
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    This paper reviewed and retrospected the research practice of the environmental science, and achievements and progresses gained by Changchun Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences in the last twenty years.It was described in 7 sections as follows. 1. study on the background value of the environment; 2. study on the movement and transfer rule of elements in the environment; 3. study on the movement and transfer rule of pollutants in the environment; 4. study on the environmental cause of endemic disease; 5. study on analysis methods of the environment; 6. study on the environmental mapping; 7. study on the environmental economics.
  • AN APPROACH TO THE CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE GLACIAL PERIOD OF THE QUATERNARY IN CHINA
    Guo Xudong
    1988, 8(2): 114-126,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.114
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    Both topographic snow line and climatic snow line are the highest line of snow cover in extremely high temperature in summer, not the product of extremely low temperature climate in winter. Through the comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the climate and environment in the glacial period in China, it is considered that the eastern and northern parts of China in the Quaternary belonged to the periglacial environment in non-glacial zones, There was no cold trough in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River, And the mountain height never went beyond the upper limit of forest line.
  • RADIATION BALANCE AND BASIC MICROCLIMATE FEATURES OF THE SANJIANG PLAIN
    Liu Xingtu
    1988, 8(2): 127-135,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.127
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    In the mire and reclaimed farmlands of the Sanjiang Plain, radiation balance, soil temperatute, and temperature and humidity of air were measured. And soil-heat flux was calculated with different methods. Through the analysis of a lot of data, the daily variations and the law of vertical distribution of microclimate factors on the bog surface were obtained. It is found that after the mire is reclaimed, the radiation balance increases, both soil temperature at different depths and air temperature of various height near the ground rise, and air humidity decreses obviously. Therefore, one should take the establishment of the artificial ecosystem of paddy, reed and fish breeding as the main developing direction of mire, at the same time, protect some mire in order to prevent the environment from getting dry, and maintain regional ecological balance.
  • THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION VARIATION DURING LAST THIRTY YEARS IN HUANG-HUANG-HUAI-HAI BASIN
    Xu Mengying
    1988, 8(2): 136-145,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.136
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    Based on the monthly precipitation data from January to December during 1951 to 1980 from 50 stations in Huang-Huai-Hai basin,precipitation is classified into five grades; flood, slight flood, normal, slight drought and drought. The frequency of five precipitation months, the interannual change of flood, drought and normal in different seasons and the periodical variation of five prvecipitation grades are anaIyzed.
  • THE CLUSTERING ANALYSIS ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE AREAL TYPES OF AGRICULTURE
    Yao Jianqu
    1988, 8(2): 146-155,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.146
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    All the studies of areal types of agriculture depend largely upon the qualitative investigation in terms of geographical princeples, which tends to wards subjective appraisal of rational distribution of agriculture. Taking Lingxian county, northeast Shandong Province, which is located in the Huangfan Plain as a study region,the thesis lays emphasis on the quantification for elements of physical geography affecting the agricutural diversity as well as the clustering method for classification. By combining mathematical simulation with the conventional geographical analysis, this approach shows superiorities in improving objectivity and precision in the classification of areal types of agriculture with the aid of electronic computers. Throngh comprehensive classification, Lingxian county is divided into 5 comprehensive areal types of agriculture.
  • THE WIND REGIME PRINCIPLE IN URBAN MASTER PLANNING
    Zhou Yixing
    1988, 8(2): 156-164,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.156
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    Since 1970s large numbers of Chinese geographers have taken part in urban master planning and environmental protection, and made progress in the applied research on wind regime principle in urban master planning.But actually it has not been fully understood in urban planning and architectural circles. In order to promote the mutual understanding between architecurers, urban planners and geographers, this paper summarizes the development of wind regime principle in urban master planning of China, which is divided into four stages: 1) the principle of single prevailing-wind direction, 2) the principle of the least wind frequency and the wind direction’s rotation; 3) the principle of wind regime frequency, and 4) the principle of wind pollution index and pollution frequency. The author holds that it is better to integrate the advantages of several methods. First, to check the frequency of calm in a city, then to analyse the wind pollution index and pollution frequency of various wind directions, which is the main task of the analysis of wind regime in most of cities,finally, in urban functional zoning, to apply the typical patterns of urban layout in Fig. 1, but to change the wind direction of the least wind frequency into the wind direction of the least pollution frequency, the prevailing-wind direction into the wind direction of the most pollution frequency.
  • A TENTATIVE APPROACH TO THE DESIGN IDEA AND THE MAPPING METHODS OF THE URBAN GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAPS
    Sha Run, Li Jiusheng
    1988, 8(2): 165-172,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.165
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    The urban geomorphological map is one of the basic maps for urban construction. The mapping of urban geomorphological maps must be based on the urban environmental and geomorphological conditions, meet the needs of urban construction, focus attention on the key points,and contain substantial contents. This paper deals with the principles of classification, the legend system and the general mapping methods in combination with the mapping of the geomorphological type map of the city proper of Nanjing.
  • EPEIROGENIC PROCESS OF COASTAL PLAIN IN WUNZHOU DISTRICT, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE
    Wu Songdi
    1988, 8(2): 173-180,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.173
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    The analyses of the epeirogenic process of the coastal plain in Wunzhou district since the Tang and Song dynasties show that the epeirogenic process has the following characteristics. The epeirogenic process was basically confined to the section between the South and North Yandang Mountain and several branch ranges from east to west. The epeirogenic sepuence of the same river was southwest first northeast second. In general the epeirogenic process cf the coastal plain in Wunzhou district is very slow. In the long historical period land only advanced ten or twenty kilometers. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties agricultural development and forest felling caused forest destruction and soil erosion to accelerate the epeirogenic rate of coastal plain continually.
  • THE NUMERICAL DIVISION OF THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE MIDDLE AND SOUTH SUBTROPICAL BELTS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE
    Yan Luming
    1988, 8(2): 181-188,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.181
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    The mathematical model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the division between the middle and south subtropical belts is set up to define the most reasonable location of the boundary between the two belts in Fujian Province, and to show the various transitional states near the boundary objectitvely and quantitatively. In the design of the model, some relatively recognized climatic indices and their standards of division are chosen to guarantee single-factor evaluation rationality. In the comprehensive evaluation, the method of principal component analysis(PCA) is applied to determine the weight assignation of related factors, so as to avoid subjectivity and to balance the deviation of the index boundary objectivelyo Finally, the paper discusses the east and west sections of the boundary in dispute, and points out that it is difficult for traditional qualitative methods to explain fuzziness of geographic boundary, while the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model has its advantages in this respect.
  • PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GENGXINSHAN PEAT AND ITS CHANGING LAW
    Zhang Weicai
    1988, 8(2): 189-195,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1988.02.189
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    Gengxinshan peat bog has been passing through three periods from eutrophic, mesotrophic to oligotrophic bog, and has correspondingly formed eutrophic wood-herb peat, mesotrophic wood-hreb-moss peat and oligotrophic wood-moss peat. Different types of peat have obviously different physical and chemical properties. Some properties have certain changing law. In the developing process from eutrophic to oligotrophic peat,decomposition degree,pH value, ash content(Ag), calorific value(QDTr), total sulphur content(SQg), phosphorous pentoxide content(P2O5), and humic acid content are all evidently decreased; bnt water content(Wf),volatile matter yield(Vr) and organic matter content tend to increasing; contents of SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2. in ash are apparently decreased. The reasons resulting in the differences of these properties are related to not only the different climatic environments, nutrient sources and various plant composition in different mire developing stages, but also the organic matter content of peat and the decomposition degree of plant residues and so on.