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  • 1995 Volume 15 Issue 2
    Published: 20 March 1995
      
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  • THE IMPACT OF TEMPERSTURE CHANGE FOR THE LAST 500 YEARS ON THE REGIONAL DIVISION OF DROUGHT/FLOOD IN CHINA
    Zheng Jingyun, Zkang Peiyuan
    1995, 15(2): 101-108. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.101
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    In this paper,the series of the winter temperature departure in the east China and the global temperature departure for the last 500 years are analysed,and the fluctuation of cold/warm is described. The regional division of drought/flood in China in cold and warm periods are discussed. There are two main demarcations between drought and flood in the east China. The first one is the demarcatoin between more drought and more flood area. In the east China,the more drought area includes three regions in the north. The other is the more flood area. which includes other regions in the south. The second one is the mark to make out which area has the more occurrences of drought and flood or which has the less ones,which lies to the south of the fist demarcation,divides the flood and drought ares of southern China into two categores in terms of the multi-flood-drought area which include three regions in the south to the Yangtze River. In the cold or warm period,the demarcation of flood and drought in the east China holds the marked differences. The areas of the largest changes stand in Shandong Province,northern part of Jiangsu Province, northern part of Anhui Province, and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Whereas, the demarcation lying to the west of 110癊 is not likely to move or change. The demarcations and the regions of drought/flood shifted to south in the cold period and moved to north during the warm period.
  • PLATE TECTONICS AND QUATERNARY VOLCANICITY IN CHINA
    Huang Zhenguo, Zhang Weiqiang, Chen Junhong
    1995, 15(2): 109-117. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.109
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    There are 10 groups of Quaternary volcano in China. From the relationship between volcanicity and plate tectonics,the groups of volcano can be divided into the following 7 types: (1)volcanicity of ocean bottom and oceanic island of inside plate in South China Sea basin, (2)volcanicity of rift valley of plate margin in Leizhou Peninsula and north part of Hainan Island, (3)volcanicity of Taiwan Island arc which is a consuming zone of plates, (4)volcanicity of rift valley of plate margin in the bay of Bohai Sea, (5)volcanicity of rift valley of inside plate along the Da Hinggan Mountain and Datong fault trough, (6)volcanicity of plate margin along the Xiao Hinggan Mountain and Changbai Mountains which are affected by subduction of plates, and (7) volcanicity of inside plate in Tengchong and northern margin of Tibet Plateau which is affected by collision of plates.In summary,from the point of view of plate movement the distribution of Quaternary volcanicity in China can be epitomized into one basin,three rift valleies and three volcanic arcs.
  • THE STUDY ON DEVELOPNEST OF INDUSTRIAL STRATEGIC SYSTEM OF CHINA’S INDUSTRY
    Fang Chuanglin
    1995, 15(2): 118-127. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.118
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    In the economic system of industry of a country and an area, the industrial strategic industry is the leading industry which has higher economic increasing rate, labour production rate,output creative foreign exchange and technique standard, and larger need e-lasticity and economic benefit,the inclination investment of first development. Its formation is the necessary product of the social areal divistion of labour development. Whether the choice of the industrial strategic system of industry is successful or not has direct influence on the future and fate of the economy of the country and area. Starting from the history of the formation and evalution of the industrial strategic system of industry and aiming at a lot of diseases in the balance development process of the structure of the in- dustrial industry, this article puts forward the index system of choice and appraisal of the industrial stragetic industry, and uses the Weaver-Thomas Model to have figured out that the industrial stragetic system of China’s industry is an Organic aggregation of composing of 13 strategic industries such as chemistry,iron and steel, and electronic industries. The industrial strategic system of china’s industry is now in the transfer stage of e-volving from heavy industrialization to high procession,and the technique-intensive tendency is slow. Using technique improvement as a means of the sally port and achieving better economic results ascentre, at the sane time,setting up the non-balance model of the structure of the industrial industry and realizing the transform of the industial industry from pace pattern to benefit pattern,from reproduction on external expansion to reproduction on internal development and from extensive management to intensive management, and all these become the overall conceive plan of the industrial strategic system of China’s industry.
  • EFFECT OF CLIMATIC CHANGE OF WATER BALANCEOF QINGHAI LAKE BASIN FOR RECENT THIRTYYEARS AND POSSIBLE TENDENCY
    Ding Yongjian, Liu Fengjing
    1995, 15(2): 128-135. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.128
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    Through reconstruction of the series data on climate and hydrology in Qinghai Lake basin,this paper discussed the effect of climatic change on the water balance for the recent thirty years,from the end of the 1950s to the middle of 1980s. The results indicate that there is a close relation between average precipitation and surface runoff of the drainage. The steady decrease of the Qinghaii Lake level for the recent thirty years is associated with reducing of precipitation,leading to decreasing of the surface supplement to the lake. The models built by the correlation analyses show that the effect of climatic change on the hydrological elements is significant and sensitive. However there are different sensitivit ies for effects of the various climatic elements on the hydrological elements. Precipitation is the most important factor that affects the change of the surface runoff. Air temperature affects not only land evaporation but also the surface runoff. The relation between precipitation and land evaporation is not significant. Therefore,the effect of climatic change on water balance deponds mainly on variations and grouping relation of precipitation and temperature. Suppose that the development of future climate tends to be wet and warm,the change of water balance in Qinghai Lake basin can maintain the present condition,and even the level of the lake rises slightly again possiblly. In addition,the paper also deals with quantitatively the effect of climatic change on underground ice melting in the permafrost region of the drainage basin and the underground ice melting is associated with various hydrological elements. Under the wet and warm situation of future climate, the change of hydrological elements acts totally promoting action on underground ice melting so that it is possible for the lake level to rise.
  • A FRACTAL STUDY ON THE SPATIALTRUCTURE OF SYSTEMS OF TOWNSIN NORTHEAST CHINA
    Liu Jisheng, Chen Tao
    1995, 15(2): 136-143. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.136
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    The paper made a preliminary study on the spatial structure of systems of towns which take Shenyang,Changchun and Harbin as centers respectively in northeast China. A law is found that the spatial structure becomes gradually loose while the level of aggregation tends to rise from the south to the north based on the measurement and calculation of fractal dimension and fractal structure factor. The authors discussed how the spatial patterns formed and lastly, put forward suggestions to improve the supervise of the systems of towns in northeast China.
  • THE STUDY ON EXPERIMENT ANDEFFECT OF MAIZE YIELD ESTIMATIONUSING REMOTE SENSING DATA
    Zhang Yangzhen, Zhang Shuwen, Chang Liping, Zhang Bai, Chen Chun
    1995, 15(2): 144-153. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.144
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    The maize yield estimation is to monitor maize growing in real-time;and estimate its area and yield dynamically through obtaining image feature and spectral data of environment of maize growing by means of remote sensing method, combined with agronomy method. Lishu County in the northeast is a base of commodity grain in China. The area of maize planting accounts for 70 percent of cereal. According to matural condition and lanuse,the whole area is divided into 3 regions of maize yield estimation and 6 types. The maize yield estimation has been carried out under the support of remote sensing technology system,which includes 4 subsystems,i,e. information of maize yield estimation,basic natural envoronment subsystem,remote sensing image analysis,and models and measurement data. GIS was established under the environment of 486micro-computer and ARC/INFO and DBASE Ⅲ. Remote sensing image was analyzed by IS2 S600 system in VAX 11/750 mini-computer. Remote sensing image processing is a key step in technology system for estimation of maize yield,which mainly includes two parts: (1)information extraction and area estimation of maize in the different growing conditions (2)monitor-ing and dividing of maize growing by calculation of greeness indexes. The maize yield was estimated by both remote sensing survey method and remote sensing model analysis. The former has resulted in maize area data of the whole county,combining unit yield gained by traditional agronomy method, and the estimated total yield is 1 150 000 tons, close to the real yield 1 130 000 tons, The latter has established a mathematic model suitable for the regions of high and mid-yield in Lishu County on the basis of the regional division.
  • THE PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THELOWER CHANGJIANG RIVER PORTSYSTEM IN ANHUI PROVINCE
    Cao Youhui
    1995, 15(2): 154-162. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.154
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    The river port system in Anhui Province,including six principal ports,is a component part of the port system in the Chanjiang River,and of great importance in regional development and integrated transportation network. This paper, based on regional and comprehensive studies, deals with the basic characteristics and dynamic mechanism as well as the development trends of the lower Changjiang River port system in Anhui Province.By calculating location Quotient of the port system’s cargoes,this paper discusses the characteristics of function of the principal ports. Based on the concerned statistics, the author holds that dominant direction of the flow of freight handed at the principal ports is the Changjiang River. The bulk cargoes handed at the port system have three kinds; 1) mineral building materials; 2) coal and oil; 3) nonferrous and ferrous metal mines,steel. A practical formula of ports unbalance index is designed for determining the spatial distribution of the port system. The spatial difference of the port system between the south and the north banks shall be improved and the structure of size-rank of the port system shall be adjusted.The develompent and changes of the port system could be divided into three stages: 1)embryonic stage (the Spring and Autumn Peroid-the end of the Ming Dynasty and the middle of the Qing Dynasty ;2)initial forming stage (the middl of the Qing Dynasty -the 1950s); 3)forming stage(the 1950s-the 1990s). The dynamic mechanism of the port system is mainly controlled by two laws of regional development. Sne is that the development of ports and hinterlands are mutually interacted, the other in that port and port act on each other.Next 20 or more years,the port system resulting from ports expanding and interacting will speed. This will also improve itself functional,size-rank and sptial struetures.
  • ON RESEARCH ON METHANE EMISSIONS FROM WETLAND
    Ma Xuehui, Liu Xingtu, Lu Xianguo, Li Junguan
    1995, 15(2): 163-169. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.163
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    Methane is an important greenhouse gas. Its relative potential for thermal absorption is 30 times greater than that of CO2. About 80% of methane in atmosphere is from organic source. Wetland is an important source of CH4 emissions on a global scale because of the anaerobie conditions created by flooding soils. Methane emits from wetland to atmosphere only when production rate of methane is higher than oxidation rate of methane. The article discusses the present conditions of research on production and e-mission of methane and gives a suggestion of further research on emission of methane in wetland.
  • DEFINATION OF THE APPLICABLE FIELD OF AN OPINION AND RESERCHING ROUTE OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SPACE AND LONG-TERM--Replying to Mr. Lu Zhongkang and Cheng Qingyuang
    Lu Yuqi
    1995, 15(2): 170-175. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.170
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    This artical answers the arguments set forth in that of Mr. Lu in three degrees. To the time of the Hui nationality evolvement, this artical takes further steps to expound why using the point that this nationality was evolved at the end of the Yuan Dynasty or the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. To the elements that bring about the greatly ranging migration of thisn ationality and why it is so wide distributed,the artical of Mr. Lu is not a discussion but an addendum. And this addendum,in the point of the applicable field of an opinion,is unnecessary. Based on the two points above,considering the characteristics of space and long-term in geography, this artical makes a preliminary analysis of the principal disciline and the main field of nationality geography study.
  • THE STUDY ON CHANGE OF LANDSCAPE IN MIDDLE PART AGRICULTURE AREA OF SONG NEN PLAIN
    Wang Qichun, Zhang Bai
    1995, 15(2): 176-181. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.176
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    The landscape is the heterogeneity land area which be impacted by human actions. The artificial landuse is unstable change processes,so the all landscape categories continue change. The satellite remote sensing image provide fine method for the research of landscape change in large area. Because the advantage of macroscope, orientation and many times the TM image show correc’tly the distribution and change of the landscape patch. The middle part agriculture area of Songnen Plain as one of commoditygrain base in our country provide many agriculture production,so the research use the Landsat image information and statistic data analyzing the landscape change to provide reference for the fine developement of the landscape in the landuse of the area.
  • A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON WEATHERING PROCESS OF SALT IN ROCK BODY AT MOGAO GROTTES,DUNHUANG
    Qu Jianjun, Zhang Mingquan, Zhang Weimin, Wang Yuanping, Dai Fengjun, Zhang Huyuan, Zeng Zhengzhong
    1995, 15(2): 182-187. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.182
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    Salt weathering is one of the important factors to weather the rock body at Mogao Grottoes. By a preliminary research on the property, mechanism and strength of salt weathering action, the paper proves that the Na2SO4, NaCl, MgSO4, CaSO4?2H2O, Ca(HCO3)2. are main materials to weather rocks in this area and points out the importance of moisture action in salt weathering process and sets forth the background of salt weathering in the rock. The purpose is to provide a scientific basis for the protection of the Dunhuang frescoes and the rock body of Grottoes.
  • SOME SYNECOLOGICAL FEATURES AND ORIGIN OF THE MIXED BROADLEAVED FOREST IN GULLIES AND DEEP VALLEYS OF SOUTHERN TAIHANG MOUNTAIN RANGE
    Liu Hongyan
    1995, 15(2): 188-195. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1995.02.188
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    This paper mainly discusses the mixed broadleaved forest in gullies and deep valley of southern Taihang Mountain region. The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)It is a stable,species-rich,structure-complicated vegetation type without an evident dominant.(2)This vegetation type can be divided into two kinds:the one in lower altitude and the one in higher altitude. There are a large number of subtropical species in the former one,especially in tree layer,which can not be seen in zonal forest types.(3)The warmer and moister habitat in gullies and deep valleys is the main reason that species assemble there.(4)The mixed broadleaved forest in lower altitude is a kind of "heterogeneous remnant community".The aim of this paper is to provide theoretical reference for further studies of this unique community type and to provide scientific basis for the study of environmental change and nature conservation of this area.