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  • 1981 Volume 1 Issue 1
    Published: 20 January 1981
      
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  • SOME TRENDS OF GEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
    Huang Bingwei
    1981, 1(1): 2-10. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.2
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    The main features of recent development in geography are briefly surveyed.Thisis followed by a critical examination of the so-called quantitative revolution and ashort account of new techniques applied in certain areas of research.The finalsection begins with the discussion on the negligence of the physical setting instudies of human geography and the weakening of physical geography and its var-ious branches in a number of countries,and subsequent to this is a descriptionof the status of three fields of research.1.geomorphology,2.land resourcesand ecosystems and,3.water cycle and water resources.
  • SOME PROBLEMS ON THE AGRICULTURAL REGIONALIZATION
    Chou Lisan
    1981, 1(1): 11-21. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.11
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    According to the basic characteristics of agricultural production and the objectiveconditions of the agricultural regionalization,this paper has mainly analysed andintroduced the purpose and necessity Of the agricultural regionalization and its system.This system is vertically divided into different grades from country level to countylevel,and horizontally divided into natural regionalization,specializational regiona-lization and complex regionalization.In addition,according to the actual conditionsof China,the paper has stated systematically the basic contents of the agriculturalregionalization and its working method.At the same time,the paper has made ascientific approach to some active problems existing in the agricultural regiona-lization,such as the relationships between agricultural regionalization and agriculturalprogramme,agricultural regionalization and administrative division,agriculturalregionalization and agricultural modernization and present agricultural productivestatus and its long range plan,etc.
  • NEW STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT IN CHEMICAL GEOGRAPHY
    Tang Yunlian
    1981, 1(1): 22-29. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.22
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    This paper places its emphasis on the analysis of changes in the field ofchemical geography in China for the last twenty years.Chemical geography is abranch of physical geography.At early 60’s of the 20th century,it was onlyconsidered as the science dealing with the transfer of the elements on the surfaceof the earth and confined to the study of the simple cycle of the elements,andit was in a static state of qualitative study.With the rapid development of modern science and technology,chemical geographyhas entered a new era,and become the science studying the transfer laws andchange mechanisms of substances in the geographical environment by means of thesystem theory.Thus,it has been changed from the study of static state into study ofits dynamic state.The author,based on his study in this field for these twentyyears,presents here to the readers with the new developments in the followingaspects:1.The system analysis of environment;2.The changes of substances in the system;3.The matter flow in the system.
  • AN APPROACH TO TRANSFORMING THE SWAMP BY MEANS OF GROUP WELL DRAINAGE AND IRRIGATION IN MICRO-PRESSURE WATER REGION OF NORTHEAST SANJIANG PLAIN
    Zeng Jianping, Wang Chunhe, Song Deren, Sun Guangyon
    1981, 1(1): 30-43. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.30
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    Based on the typical region experiments of well-drainage and well-irrigation and regional hydrogeological survey data in1/200000,this reporthas approached the problem of transforming the swamp by means ofgroup well-drainage and irrigation of a large area in the micro-pressurewater region of northeast Sanjiang Plain,through the calculation of thefalling depth of water level both in partly interferring recovery andregional evenly spaced well layout,and balanced calculation between theunderground storage capacity and drain-quantity of surface waterrequired.The priliminary theoretical basis for enlarging experiments andextending applications on the new measure of well-drainage and well-irrigation is thus provided.
  • SOLAR-ENERGY RESOURCES IN THE BEIJING REGION
    Zuo Dakang
    1981, 1(1): 44-51. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.44
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    This paper tends to estimate the mean values of direct solar radiationover a vertical surface as well as total solar radiation on horizontal su-rface under fine weather conditions on hourly,monthly,seaonal,andannual bases in the Beijing Region by using the observational data of so-lar radiation and sunshine record obtained at one-hour interval in Beijingfrom May 1957 to April 1967.It also gives the average time intervals andnumber of hours in terms of direct solar radiation and total solar radiationthat are available for industry in individual days each month.According tosunshine-record analysis,109.2k.cal./cm2.year of direct solar radiationover a vertical surface and 89.4 k.cal./cm2.year of total solar radiationon horizontal surface in a clear day may be attainable.The annual hoursof effective sunshine are 2287;while the average deviation of intra annu-al effective solar radiation is mostly less than 9%.
  • APPLICATION OF LANDSAT IMAGES TO THE INVESTIGATION OF REED RESOURCES OF DONGTING LAKE
    Liu Xia, Zhang Shulin, Su Wensheng
    1981, 1(1): 52-57. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.52
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    Dongting Lake is the second large fresh water lake of China.Reedsgrow thickly and luxuriantly on a great tract of banks and shores of therivers and lakes.Rather satisfactory results of determining the extent ofreed distribution,calculating its size,growing and yield,and developingreed distribution diagram,through Landsat images analysis,aerial surveyand field investigation,are obtained.In the Landsat false eolour composite images and MSS7,the colourand grey stage of reed resources and those of ground objects surround themare quite different,the demarcation lines are clear,and images are noti-ceable.According to study and interpretation,the reed-growing area ofDongting Lake amounts to 937,500mu.Rough estimates of reed productionbased on the break up of density,the figurative analyses of the images ofLandsat MSS7 made by computers,and the data sampling of the fieldsurvey of per-unit yield are rational.Estimates show that the reed pro-duction of 1980 of Dongting Lake area will come up to 600,000—630,000tons.
  • THE HYDROCHEMISTRY OF TIAN-CHI (CRATER)LAKE OF THE CHANGBAI MOUNTAINS
    Zhu Yanming, She Zhongsheng, Fu Deyi, Huang Xichou, Li Xiuxia, Mao Xueying
    1981, 1(1): 58-65. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.58
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    Up to now the natural reserves of Mt.Changbai is the largest inChina,and it is also a component part of the MAB Program.Tian-chiof Mt.Changbain is a boundary lake situated between China and Korea,and it is also the source of the Songhua River.It is very significant tothe environmental protection and the ecology of forest to study thechemical composition of water in Tien-chi Lake.In this study,different techniques and methods have been employed,50 items of the constant and microconstituent elements were determined,the spacial distribution of chemical composition in the lake water wasfound,and the background content of chemical elements of water wascalculated for the first time,and the formational mechanism of thehydrochemistry was clarified.According to investigation and analysis,the content of rare elements,especially rare earth elements as La,Co,etc.,in water of Tian-chi Lake is very high.The consentrations of mostheavy metal such as Cu,Mn,Ni,Zn,Co,etc.,in water approach theClarke values in the hydrosphere.The contents of some heavy metalssuch as Cr,Cd,Hg,Zn,Co,As,etc.,related clos ly to human activityare far lower than the average value of 45 lakes in U·S·A.The content ofPb in water of Tian-chi Lake is particularly high.about 3 times asmuch as the average value of the latter.That is mainly caused by theinfluence of biogeochemical region with higher content of Pb,it hasno relation with environmental pollution.
  • FORMATION OF THE SALT LAKES RESOURCES AND ITS UTILIZATION ON THE XIZANG PLATEAU
    Zheng Xiyu, Yu Shengsong
    1981, 1(1): 66-76. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.66
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    The Xizang Plateau is an area in which there are many salt lakes andrich in resources.The salt lakes contain nearly forty kinds of chemicalelements and twenty-seven kinds of minerals,especially their high contentand large reserves of boron,lithium and potassium,etc.,which are wellknown to the world.On the basis of analyzing the distribution,the hydrochemical charac-teristics,the salt-forming law of the salt lakes in Xizang plateau,togetherwith the geolgical structure,palaeogeographic environments and the stronghydrothermal activities of the plateau,this article has discussed the condi-tions of the formation of the salt lakes and the mechanism of their genesis.We consider that the block basin was the topographical basis for the fossillakes formed the arid climate was the palaeogeographic environments affe-cting the salinization of lake water and controlling the distribution of saltlakes,and the strong natural hydrothermal circulation has supplied abundantboron,lithium and potassiou,and other materials to the salt lakes.
  • A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE COASTAL MARSH IN WENZHOU REGION
    Ji Zhongchun
    1981, 1(1): 77-84. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.77
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    This paper mainly approaches the classification,basic characteristics,formation and succession of the coastal marsh in Wenzhou region of ZhejiangProvince,and analyzes the problems of the development and utilization of coastalmarsh resources in the respect of ecosystem.
  • SYSTEMS ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
    Dong Yawen, He Guoyu, Qian Junlong, Quan Lili, Ma Xingfa, Zhang Shuiming
    1981, 1(1): 85-93. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.85
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    A preliminary effort of the systems analysis for soil environmental quality atregional scale has been made on the basis of systems theory and its method.Thepurpose is to reveal the internal relations and interactions of the various factors(natural and artificial)affecting the enviromental quality,and the combined influenceof the factors on environmental quality.Human activities have a great influenceon material circulation,energy transformation and information transfer in theenvironmental systems.Sometimes,the influence of pollutant factors on environmentalquality may be reduced by the action of the purifying factors.The matrix equation for the relation of the environmental quality to its affecting factors is suggested:Z=AC;where Z is the matrix of measured value of the environmental qualityaffecting factors,A is the matrix of weight coefficient of synthetic index,andC is the matrix of scores of synthetic index.Based on the prepared program,the calculation has been accomplished with computer TQ-16.Synthetic analysis ofthe results obtained has been made with reference to the experimental discrimination.Accrding to data,the examined district may be divided into three types of uniformregional pattern:1.BHC pollution,2.lead pollution caused by geochemistryanomaly,and 3.mixed pollution(chrome,lead,BHC).