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  • 1990 Volume 10 Issue 3
    Published: 20 May 1990
      

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  • Ren Meie
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    Global climatic warming and sealevel rise are the most serious challenge to mankind,Global warming will continue and is irreversible.Since Antarctica ice sheet will not melt and disintegrate during the future climatic warming,it is unlikel that sealevel will greatl rise in the next 100 or 200 ears.The best estimate for sealevel rise over the next centur is 50-I00cm.But relative sealevel changes are mainly controllod by various local factors,among which the most important is land subsidence.As the coastal region is the most densel populated and best developed area in the world,a relative sealevel rise of one meter will be a great threat to our society. The recent development in the study of global climatic changes and sealevel rise is as follows:1)It is realized that mankind has become a more important agent of environment changes than nature.Therefore,increasing attention is being paid to the stud of man’s role in the global change.2)Man developed countries have already started preparing for global warming and sealevel rise and a number of plans have been formulated and measures taken to combat these long-term threat.
  • Zhao Songqiao
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    The arid zones(including semi-arid zones)are widely distributed from the west of the Da Hinggan Meuntain,through the Taihang Mountain,the Liupan Mountain,and the Bayan Har Mountains,to the Nyainqentanglha Range in China. In the past 40 years,especially the last 10 years,China has made a great progress in the arid zones research,and some fields have reached the advanced level of the world.The arid zones research involves the following aspects: 1.The inventory and evaluation of natural resources,including land types, land resource,water resource,climate resource,biological resource,mineral resource,etc. 2.The monitoring and control of natual disasters.The emphasis was placed on the research on disasters such as drought,sand-storm and salinization, particularly,controlling sand-storm got an evident result. 3.The evolution and prediction of geographical environoment.Because of natural evolution and the effect of human activities,the geographical environment in arid zones is changing continually. 4.The production allocation of industry,agricultune and transprt.To meet the need of national economy developmert,recently the production allocation of arid zones has been approached deeply. 5.Population dynamics.The investigation was carried out on minority nationalities population growth,the population and economy of mountainous areas, population and environment,migration of northwest.The policies of adjusting industrial structure and coordinating development were proposed. 6.Regional research and regional development.Some prieparations are being made for the development at a large scale in the next century. In the future,one should continue to make an effort on the range and depth of the arid zones research,especially strengthen comprehensive and regional research.
  • Zhang Lansheng
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    The recent development in research on environmental change in China is recounted comprehensivel and discussed in this paper,including the following aspects:the recognition of the relationship bet een the global change and the evolution of ph cical geographical environment in China since the Tertiar;the progress in the research on the uplfting process of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the formation and evolution of East Asia monsoon;the reconstruction of the characteristic environments in the past and the set up of the time sequence;the discussion on the trend towards dryness in north and west China;the progress of the study on the sea level change;and the study on regional cnvironmental change and the influence of human,activities.
  • Li Xiaofang
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    The papel expounds the origination and development of land evaluation.In recent years,land evaluation is developing from quatitative research to ard quantitative evaluation combined with social economic factors,and the land quality supply capacit is brought into the land evaluation namely,sufficient evaluation,which makes the evaluation target more concrete and the results more practieal.During the middle-late period of the 1980s,a Canadian,H.Shrcier did the sufficient evaluation of land in several river valle s in Nepal,proposed the relationship between the population gro th in the future and the demand for land suppl,predicted the future environment change caused b population growth.His research work merits the reference in the research on land capacity and local population demand.
  • Wu Zheng, Wu Kegang
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    This paper sums up the recent research progress in the field of coastal aeolian landforms and sediments in China and suggests the problems to need to be solved in the current research. During the last decade the researchers of the coastal aeolian erosion have deepened the understanding of modern coastal aeolian landform and sedimentar, characteristies;discussed the formation of coastal aeolian landform and advanced some local evolution models;discovered the wide-distributed coastal dune-rock (aeolianite)along south China coast and raised the distinguished characteristics between beach rock,ridge rock and dune-rock;put forward the new point of view of aeolian formation on the old red sand sediments.The above progress have greatly enriched the theory on coastal geomorpholog and sedimentology and filled a vacancy of the research field in China. The authors also point out the key problems to be researched currently as follows:the dynamic geomorphologic process of coastal aeolian landform;the diagenesis of coastal change such as sea level change and neotcctonie movement; the weathered(redden)process of the old red sand sediments and its dating methods.
  • Li Runtian, Qin Yaochen
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    There is a very long industry history in Henan Province.Modern industrial distribution has gone through three periods,from the beginning of the 20th century to 1949,from 1949 to 1979,and from 1979 to now. According to the investigation of indtstrial history in Henan Province,and calculating indexes of 128 counties and cities,four features on the industrial distribution in Henan are proposed as follows. 1.The industrial distribution tends toward balance. 2.The macrostrueture of distribution is that taking the concentrated zones of enterprises along the five rail a lines as a frame,and northwest part of Henan with concentrated resources as a heavy industry core area,while the southeast pair of Henan featuring agricultural products as the periphery area with lower output values of industry. 3.The city-count-village and township industrial system is the product of economic reform in the last ten years. 4.There are considerable differences in structures of industrial sectors and their benefits. To improve the industrial distribution in Henan,five suggestions are made. 1)The construction of the energy sources and heavy chemical industry bases in northwest part of Henan must be strengthened. 2)The government of Henan Province should appropriately and timely control the balanced development,and improve the industrial benefits in core area,and help to bring about a mechanism of self-cycle increase in the system.3)The industries of counties,villages and towns with weak industries force should be emphasized.4)Export-oriented industry should be developed in the light of the actual conditions in Henan,And 5) the rational territory structure of industry should be constructed in every economic zones.
  • Niu Huanguang, Song Haiyuan, Meng Xianmin
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    The Sanjiang Plain region is one of the main marsh distribution regions in China,where marsh covers an area of 11200 km~2.The marsh formation resulted from the synthetic action of such natural factors as regional geological structure, geomorphology,composition of surface materials,climate,hydrology,etc.Most of marshes did not accumulate peat because of the restraint of regional natural conditions,such as big precipitation variability,smooth and shallow negative landform,etc.The peat marsh only developed at the ancient channel fed with groundwater,the middle and upper reaches of some marsh rivers and deep depressions. The peat of this region belongs to herb peat originated from water-body paludification,and its spatial distribution is unbalanced.The peat deposit in the plain area is characterized by a small quantity and abundant reserves,while the peat deposit in the mountain area is characterized b a great quantity and scarce reserves.There are big deposits with rich peat reserves in the eastern part of the plain and small ones with little peat reserves in the western part of the plain. The peatlands are chiefly distributed at negative lanaforms such as ancient channels,floodland,riverbed-floodland,valley depressions and thermokarst depressions.
  • Ren Guangcheng
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    By using the pressure field of winter monsoon,winter monsoon intensity index is defined,There is a better positive correlation between winter monsoon intensity index and the grade of temperature in various regions of China.Winter monsoon,intensity index is closely related to the grade of mean temperature in winter in China.The major atmospheric action centers over the northern hemisphere in summet are the precursors of the tendency of Winter air temperature over East Asia region.Winter monsoon influences not only our country,but also Korea,the far southeast part of USSR and Japan,etc.The relationship between 500 hPa circulation pattern and winter monsoon intensity is discussed.
  • Dang Anrong
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    The determination of classification scheme is one of the important problems about the theory and practice of classification expresion.It includes t o aspects, the determination of classification number,and the selection of classification limits.The number of classification number should be determined based on the scale of population density maps,their mapping purpose,the eharacteristics of population distribution in mapping regions,charting and printing technology and so on.The basic principles of classification limits are that the map surface is scientific,the statistical aecurace is high,and it is convenient for useage.On the basis of the present quantitative standard of statistical map classification, some ne/calculating formulas for classification accuracy:ACAi(N,K)(i=1,2, 3,4,5)ere vorked out,hich are most suitable to population density classification,and give consideration to the statistical accuracy of classification and the mapping effect.And the advantages of the new formulas are proved by the practical example.
  • Tang Chengtian, Hu Mengchun
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    Land is the foundation,of agricultural production.Its productivity is comprehensively affected by several natural factors,among which the general configuration of the earth’s surface plays an important role in the dissimulation of land resources because it governs the redistribution of water and heat on the earth’s surface,Therefore,a careful study of the conditions of the general configuration of the earth’s surface of land provides an important basis for the better evaluation on land resources and the plan of land utilization.
  • Zhou Tianxiang
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    By means of factor analysis,the author researched ten physical and chemical indexes of 33 soil samples from Hami basin.Through Q-mode factor analysis, 33 samples may be divided into three groups,which corresponds with the soil types.Based on the R-mode factor analysis,ten indexes can be classified into two types.The total Zn,Mn,Fe and Cu in soils are closel related each other, and among availables Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,organic matter and mechanical composition,there is a close relationship.