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  • 1994 Volume 14 Issue 2
    Published: 20 March 1994
      
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  • THE NOMENCLATURE OF THE NANHAI ISLANDS IN ANCIENT CHINA
    Liu Nanwei
    1994, 14(2): 101-108,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.101
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    Through studying the folk place names and ancient place names in the Nanhai Is-lands, the thesis points out that the former representing the monomer of coral reef are parts of the latter representing the colony of coral reef. Both of them set up the place name system of the Nanhai Islands in ancient China,which is a full proof that the Nan-hai Islands are parts of China.
  • IMPACTS OF SEA LEVEL RISE ON THE CHANGJIANG RIVER DELTA AND ITS ADJACENT AREA
    Zhu Jiwen, Ji Zixiu, Jiang Zixun, Yang Guishan
    1994, 14(2): 109-117,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.109
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    The densely populated and economically developed Changjiang River delta and its adjacent area will be the reigon vulnerable to the sea level rise in the next century. Sea level rise would result in:1)retreat of coast,vertical erosi on of tidal flat and increase in length of eroding coastline;2)decrease in area of tidal flat and wetlands due to erosion,i-nundation and reduction in deposition; 3)increase in frequency and intensity of storm surge,which would threaten the coastal protection works and the protected coastal low-land;4)impeding drainage of Lixiahe lowland and eastern lowland of Taihu Lake region and exacerbating flood and waterlogging disaster;5)increase in salt water intrusion into the Changjiang River estuary.Comprehensive impact assessment of sea level rise in this area shows that the Changjiang River delta is the area most severly effected by sea level rise and the next is the northern bank of Hangzhou Bay and the abandoned Huanghe River delta,and the area most slightly effected by sea level rise is the north Jiangsu coastal plain.
  • ECONOMIC GROWTH AND RESTRUCTURING IN GUANGDONG DURING LAST TEN YEARS
    Li Lixun, Qiu Jianhua, Xu Xueqiang
    1994, 14(2): 118-126,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.118
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    Guangdong is the so-called testing area of China’s reform and open policy. Since 1978 the rapid developmint of Guangdong has gradually portrayed as the great success resulting from reform and open policy. The present study emphasises the analysis of eco-nomic growth and restructuring:1.The basic characteristics of economic growth in Guangdong are rapid,steady and overall economic growth, thus resulting in the significant increase in people’ s living standard as well as the Guangdong’ s importance in national economic development. Guangdong has become one of a few leading areas in terms of economic development in China. However the problems such as inflation,decreasing economic efficiency also hap-pened and necessary measures should be taken to deal with those problems.2.The tendencies of economic restructuring are; a)the growth of non-agricultural economic activity; b)within agriculture the activities which are able to produce competi-tive products,high efficiency,foreign currency earning have been playing a more impor-tant role; c)the growth of light industry,high technology industry as well as manufac-ture industry. The problems in economic restrucuring are the stagnation of basic indus-try,lack of cooperation between traditional and modern economic activities etc. Policy should be made to prompt the development of basic economic sectors and perfecting re-gional division,market system and transportation system.3. The spatial pattern of economic development also changed. The coastal region in Guangdong,especially the Zhujiang River Delta has been having the exceeding develop-ment since 1978. Inter-regional communications in Guangdong has greatly intensified. A spatial pattern with the Zhujiang River Delta as the core area and coastal regions in the east and west Guangdong as the wings has gradually emerged. However regional imbal-ance,especially the gap between the mountainous region and the rest of Guangdong has also been increased. Appropriate preferential policy should be given to the mountainous region so as to attract investment in this region. Labor force and capital transfer among regions should be encouraged. Boosting the development of transportation and communi-cation so as to strengthen regional communications and unite the economic activities in Guangdong as an organic entity.
  • RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DESCENDING OF QINGHAI LAKE LEVEL AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES
    Peng Min, Chen Guichen, Zhou Lihua
    1994, 14(2): 127-135,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.127
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    Qinghai Lake is the largest inland lake in China. It is a closed-drainage lake located at about 3194m above sea level in an active tectonic basin in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The lake area was about 4 304. 5km2 in 1986.The human activities around Qinghai Lake from 1949 to 1987 and the change of the lake level from 1959 to 1987 are discussed in detail in this paper. By comparing and ana-lyzing relationship between descending of Qinghai Lake level and the human activities around the lake,we found that descending of Qinghai Lake level was mainly caused by the climatic change in this region,not by the human activities around the lake.
  • A STUDY ON THE FORECAST AND REGULATION OF COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND ECONOMY IN GUANGZHOU
    Yang Shihong
    1994, 14(2): 136-143,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.136
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    This article introduces the concepts of coordinated development and coordinated de-gree with a formula to calculate it. Calculations are made of the indexes of environment quality, economic development and coordinated development degree in Guangzhou dur-ing 1985-1990.Results obtained are that the coordinated degree is over 0.87; it was a fine coordinated degree in the period. The variational tendencies on coordiated develop-ment of urban environment and economy are forecast up to the year 2010 in Guangzhou by adopting formula G. M(1,1)on the basis of the policy of environment and economy for the moment and evaluation for the present urban environment and economic develop-ment. It’s considered that the coordinated degree of urban environment and economic development had been over 0.8 before 1992. Not only is the index of economic develop-ment close to 1(advanced world level for the moment),the index of environment and e-conomy in Guangzhou on the basis of the index of environment quality down to 0.37, but also coordinated degree of 0.64 will lower to middle level from 1993 to the end of this century. With economic high-speed development, coordinated degree will degrade to middle disorder by 2010.Therefore, some effective countermeasures have to be tak-en, and suggestions are made for the sake of accomplishing the coordinated development of urban environment quality and economic development in different periods while quick-ening the tempo of economic development. We have to increcase investment in environ-ment protection enterprises and strengthening the ability of administration before the end of this century. There should be more effective integrated control on the urban envi-ronment by rational adjustment and arrangement of urbanization and structure of indus-try in the beginning ten years of the next century.
  • VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF RAINFALL IN THE AILAO MOUNTAIN
    Zhang Keying, Zhang Yiping, Liu Yuhong, Li Yourong
    1994, 14(2): 144-151,199. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.144
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    This paper discusses the vertical distributions of total rainfall, and cold and warm advection rainfall on the windward and leeward slopes in the northern part of the Ailao Mountains of Yunnan Province,China according to the climatological data of eight sta-tions:(1)There are 5% and 10% of annual rain days during the period of July to August with 25% and 40% of annual rainfall,which results in "rain disaster". Other 50% of an-nual rain days appear most frequently in dry season,but rain is only 9% of the total.(2)Rainfall increases with altitude. It is reduced by 38%-46% in the valley com-paring with the top area of mountain where it is more than 1800mm. Rainfall gradient normals is less greater.on the west slope than on the east one,of which it is greater in rainy season than in dry season. Rainfall variability is obviously decreased by a range of 313mm and 17% at the top to 132-200mm and 12%-14% in the valley.(3)The main peak of diurnal rainfall variation appears at about sunrise and the sec-ondary one in afternoon on the slopes,but it is contrary at the top. The night rainfall ra-tio is greater on the west slope with 51%-57% than on the east one with 44%-48%.(4)The warm advection(southwest monsoon)rainfall(WR)is 200-300mm on the windward(west)slope more than that on the leeward(east)slope,while the cold advec-tion(northeast monsoon)rainfall(CR)is 100-150mm on the windward(east)slope more than that on the leeward(west)one. The WR or CR gradient is the leeward larger than the windward in a whole year and rainy season,while it is opposite in dry season.
  • BASIC FEATURES OF FOREST STEPPE IN THE LOESS PLATEAU
    Zhu Zhicheng
    1994, 14(2): 152-156,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.152
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    The Loess Plateau is situated at 33°3′-40°6′N,100°5′-114°3′E. It is covered with loess of 50-150 m thick. As it is eroded by flowing water for a long time,it formed alone yuan,beam-ridges and hill-gullies topography. Humidity and heat decrease gradu-ally from southeast to northwest in the Loess Plateau. The forest is replaced by the steppe, and an obvious transition zone formed between them, it is a forest steppe. Its characteristic is that stunted exro-mesophilous trees are distributed sparsely on the meadow steppe. The meadow steppe mainly consists of xero-mesophytes and meso-xero-phytes,the trees cover degree is usually less than 20%,generally about 10%,sometimes below 5%. Precipitation of about 420-520 mm is a decisive factor of the existence of the forest-steppe in the Loess Plateau.
  • THE GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELEMENTS IN WATER ENVIRONMENT IN TAIPING LAKE, ANHUI PROVINCE
    He Yan, She Zhongsheng, Yan Baixing, Liu Yuqing
    1994, 14(2): 157-164,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.157
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    The geochemical characteristics of trace elements in water environment in Taiping Lake are studied in a systematic way based on the field investigation and sampling, and the analysis and measurement in the laboratory. The content, form,distribution, varia-tion, effect factors and migration of 12 trace elements Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Co,Ni,As Hg,Cr, Mn,Fe and V in lake water and sediments are discussed in detail. The main research re-sults are shown as follows.1. The elements Pb,Zn,Cd,Co,Fe exist,in lake water, in the form of suspension, but Hg exists in the form of solution, the rest elements exist in the form of suspension and solution simultaneously in Taiping Lake water. The less the element contents,the more the precipitation and water quantity.2. The change range of element contents is not large in the lake sediments. There is a close correlation between sediment and rock strata of basin. The trace elenemts are en-riched in clay sediments. There is a close correlation among Fe, Mn,Co,V,Cr,Zn,Ni in sediments under the condition of a = 0.01. 3. There is a same distributive tendency of the trace elements in Taiping Lake water and sediments. Most of trace elements are enriched in the sediments. Trace element Pb is enriched in Taiping Lake water environment.
  • ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF RIVER WATER QUALITY IN JILIN PROVINCE
    Wang Jun, Jiang Jianxiang, Yang Bin, Wang Ning
    1994, 14(2): 165-171,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.165
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    By means of principal component analysis, based on 6 principal components chosen on computer,cluster analysis of the river water quality in Jilin Province was made objec-tively. Based on chosen principal components, the river water quality in Jilin Province was evaluated by means of synthetic index method,fuzzy mathematic method,and grey correlation.
  • PROFESSOR ZHU KEZHEN OPENING UP A PATH FOR RESEARCH ON CLIMATIC CHANGE IN CHINA
    Shi Yafeng
    1994, 14(2): 172-176,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.172
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    Professor Zhu Kezhen(Co-Ching Chu,1890-1974)was an outstanding scientist and educator. His research covered three fields including meteorology, geography and history of natural science. He published about 300 papers related to these fields. The his-toric climatic change in China was a subject which he most intensively studied. Eight pa-pers related to this subject were published by Professor Zhu Kezhen from 1925 to 1972. The last brilliant paper on the title"A Primary Study on Climatic Change in Past 5000 Years in China "reconstructed the climatic change history based on temperature index, particularly on winter temperature index. He concluded that the temperature was 2℃ higher in 5000-3000a B. P. than that at present and temperature in January was 3-5℃ higher then. He found that.in the latest 3000 years,there were major cycles of 400-800 years with an amplitude of 1-2℃ and small cycles of 50-100 years with an amplitude of 0.5-1.0℃. The temperature curves of the past 5000 years which Zhu Kezhen recon-structed in China basically alike the δ18O record from Camp Century Ice Core in Green-land. He was particularly good at analysing and summarizing historic data of phenology, archeology and meteorology and comparing with that at present. He also closely fol-lowed the international progress in science and technology. He considered that the study of historic climatic change was very useful to the forecast of future climatic change. His method in research and achievement opened up a new path for the study on the climatic change in China.
  • LINEAR STUDY ON LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY OF DONGLING DISTRICT OF SHENYANG
    Zhao Yi, Wu Yanming
    1994, 14(2): 177-185,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.177
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    We subdivided two lines,which go through the landscape of Dongling District sepa-rately, into segments of equal length and studied the information of the landscape ele-ments, that distribute on the line,by mathematical theory of communication. Then we expounded the characteristics of landscape heterogeneity and its change law of Dongling District and relationship with geomorphic condition and human disturbance.
  • POLLEN ANALYSIS OF PEAT MARSH IN BIRCH FOREST,THE CHANGBAI MOUNTAINS AND THE SIGNIFICANCE
    Xu Qinghai, Wang Zihui, Xu Quanhong, Xia Yumei
    1994, 14(2): 186-192,200. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1994.02.186
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    Pollen analysis and 14C dating of Chichi peat marsh in Betula ermanii forest, the Changbai Mountains show that the peat deposit of the marsh probably accumulated after 3400aB. P. There might be vegetation succesion between dark coniferous forest and Betula ermanii forest there since then. The palaeoclimate estimated from major factor anal-ysis of pollen data reveals that the climate had begun to descent before 3400aB. P. It was a relative warm period between 3400-2200aB. P. Then the climate declined rapidly and reached the lowest level in 1800aB. P. Later,it changed alternatively in warm and cool. The comparatively warm periods were respectively 1200,800 and 200aB. P.,and relative cool periods 1000 and 400aB. P.