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  • 1999 Volume 19 Issue 4
    Published: 20 July 1999
      

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  • Chen Jingsheng, Xia Xinghui
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    River water resources are the most important part of water resources in China.The progress in the researchof quality of river water resource is summarized, which includes the development of river water quality monitoring system, chemical characteristics of river water and water quality changes in the last 30 years in China.
  • Zheng Du, Li Bingyuan
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    The Qianghai-Xizang Plateau area was subject to twice cycles of uplift and planation in the Tertiary.Intense uplifting of the plateau area has given rise to drastic changes and differentiation of physical environment ofthe plateau proper since 3.4 Ma B.P..The plateau area rising to an elevation of 2000m a s1 at 2.5 Ma B.P.had enhanced Asian Monsoon and resulted in lOess dePOsition.The tectonic movement during 1.1 - 0.6 Ma B.P.might raise the plateau area up to 3000 - 3500 mas and led the plateau entering the cryosphere and formingthe maximum glaciation.Significant environmental changes with dry tendency of the plateau proper occurredduring the last 150 ka B.P.By comparative study on several mountains of the plateau, two systems of the structure-type of the altitudinal belt are identified and may be subdivided into nine groups.A distributional model diagram relevante to highland uplift effect has been generalized.According to expeditions and studies in the 1980’s , a number of strikinggeo-ecological phenomena and their spatial pattern such as moist corridor, dry valleys, high-cold shrub-meadowzone, and a high-cold arid core area are investigated and discussed.Based on the thermal conditions, moistregimes and variation in landforms, the plateau is sequentially demarcated.A tentative scheme of 2 temperaturebelts, 10 natural zones and 28 physical districts has been proposed, but not including southern slopes of the EastHimalayas.Characteristics of temperature and precipitation of the plateau since 2 ka B.P., temporal variation and spatial differentiation of air temperature and precipitation during the fifties and nineties of this century, and changes of glaciers, snow deposit and frozen ground of the plateau as well as their response to global change are dealt with in the present paper.
  • Peng Buzhou, Chen Fu
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    There are many mountains in China, About 33% of the terrestrial part of the country are mountain region.Himalayas Himalayan movement establishes the layout of the mountains in general.Circulation of Eastern AsianMonsoon settles the horizontal structure Of physical zonation.They lay the groundwork of the mountain verticalzonation.The authors think they could be divided into 18 principal types, which belong to the system of monsoon ary zonal spectra and the System of mailand zonal spectra.The paper discusses the regular pattern of themountain vertical zonation and provides a lot of significant forward problems of the mountain vertical zonation.
  • Chen Baiming
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    This paper concluded three types of definition on resources and reviewed the progress of forming resourcesconception, and discussed the timeliness and value theory of resources conception.It also briefly summed up theresources researches in China.The author thinks that the resources science will be quickly developed in the nextcentury.To this end, we should do the researches in ten sectors and make resources science be a discipline recognized in the Chinese academic systems.
  • Han Delin
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    Oasis is a special ecological landscape of arid land.In the past two decades, certain progress has been madein research of Chinese oases and a series of achievements have been attained on system of oasis, evolution of oasis, maintenance and construction of oasis, regulation and control of oasis, sustainable development of oasis.Ispressingly necessary to establish the science of Chinese oasis for the development on a large scale of arid land andthe opportunity which is coming.We should specify the object of study and the nature of this science, and pushforward it to more advanced level so that we could occupy the international leading position in this field.
  • Gu Chaolin, Xu Haixian
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    This paper reviews the process of Chinese Urban Geography.Urban Geography, as an new branch of Human Geography in China, have developed and expanded very quickly since 1978.Researches, research contentsand research approaches have made great progresses.Chinese urban graphical research fields include: (1) City -regional Study; (2) Urban planning; (3) Urbanization; (4) Urban system; (6) Urban development policies; (7)Urban spatial structure; (8) Sustainable cities.Urban social geography, urban modernization, urban governance and digital city will be new research fields in the Chinese near future.
  • Li Xiaojian
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    This paper reviews industrial geography research in China since the 1980s from three perspectives: introduction and use of various theories and methods from the Western world, practical research on the topics emerging after the open-door and economic reform, and theoretical construction based on China’s special background.Some suggestions were then proposed to enhance China’s industrial geography research and to promote Chinesegeographer’s presentation in the international academic platform.
  • Zhu Hong, Situ Shangji
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    This paper focused on the systematic and overall literature review on China’s cultural geography in recentyears, especially paying attention to the progress in the main theory books and formation of the cultural theorysystem.The main themes involved in the paper are as follows: 1.Main theory books-their functions and contributions to China’s cultural geography, the process of China’s cultural geography development resulted fromthe publishing of several main books, which are the very books that formed the frame of China’s cultural geqraphy theory and made it develop steadily.2.Cultural landscape, cultural ecology, culture diffusion and culturesynthesis, cultural area are the main contents of cultural geography.3.Prospects, the transformation of economic system and development of high science and technology will effect China’s culture.The studies on culturalgeography have to adapt to the changes.A lot of new cultural things appear now, such as internet.Whilestrengthening the forming fundamental theory of cultural geography, the practice studies should be emphasized.So cultural geography may be served for social economy and plan of regional development and really promote itself development.
  • Wang Xinyuan, Guo Huadong
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    The concept of "digital earth" is raised by Al Gore in January, 1998.Now, it is one of the hot topics in theworld.Digital Earth will play a very important role in many fields in our society.Digital earth is one of researching objects for Earth system science in knowledge-economic times.Digital earth will lead to researching methodrevolution in Earth Science.Due to developments of earth-observing techniques and worldwide data share, theywill reduce traditional geo-science’s field work to a great extent, and bring about the modernization in geosciencestudy."Earth system science" may be truly established at that time.In this paper, the authors simply reviewthe development history of geo-sciences, and analyse relationship between "digital earth" and "Earth system science", and picture good future of Earth system science given by digital Earth.At last we appeal to Chinese government for constructing China’s own digital earth as soon as possible.
  • Xu Jianhua
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    The concept of knowledge economy has being known and transported all over the world in recent years. Though there are some different judgments on the problem when the era of knowledge economy comes, all scholars think that the concept of knowledge economy appropriately summarizes the tendency and character of economy development in the world. Knowledge economy will change all aspects of people's life and development patterns. The revolution caused by knowledge economy has being noticed by the geographers of China. They have discussed some problems on the geography in the era of knowledge economy. In this paper, the author studies three parts of problems. The first part sums up the initiation and contibutions of geographers of knowledge economy. The second part discusses the impacts of knowlege economy on traditional geography theory. The third part deals with the problem that how geography face to the challenge of era of knowledge economy.
  • Chen Guojie
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    At present China is facing challenges from economic globalization, ecological economy and knowledge economy in its process of economic development.The following ideas may be heuristic in establishing China’s regional development strategies.1) In industries allocation, the impact of industries on the ecological environmentshould be fully considered.2) Industrial restructuring should be focused on the restructuring of products, notonly on the restructuring of the three traditional industries (primary, secondary and tertiary industries).3) Theestablishment of key industries should be focused on large-scale corporations or famous brand products, not onlya particular industrial sector.4) The complementarity and cooperation between the east and the west of Chinashould be on products and markets, not only natural resources.The advantages in natural resources for the westof China can not be over-estimated.The advantages in products and market potentials for the west of China maybe explored.
  • Yang Kaizhong
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    Although regional science came into being about half century ago, its debut in China was at the beginning ofthis decade.This paper aims to discuss several radical questions which influence the development of regional science in China, namely, to confirm regional science’s independent subject status, to definite its subject division,to probe into new regional science’s characteristics and point out its research frontier by making clear the relations between regional science and such subjects as geography, economics, management science.
  • Li Rongquan, Zhao Ye, Qiu Weili
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    Cenozoic geography is an important branch of physical geography, the aim of Cenozoic geography is to reconstruct the geographical environment change processes during Cenozoic Era, which help us to understand thedevelopment and evolution process of the physical geographical environment, so as to forecast its evolution trendin the future.This paper has reviewed the progresses in the research of Cenozoic geography in China.ProfessorZhou Tingru published his famous paper in 1960, "The differentiation of the zonality and non-zonality in Chinaduring Tertiary and Quaternary".In this paper many geographical questions (i.e.the effect of QiangtangPlateau uplifting on the geographical environment, the formation cause of the loess in northern China, the Quaternary glacier in eastern China, the relationship between the human and the environment in Holocene.) werediscussed.Over the past decades, the scientific research in Chinese Cenozoic geography has advanced our understanding of the characteristic of Chinese geographical environment and global change.Also, this paper expoundsthe trend of the research: (1) to describe and understand the interactive physical, chemical and biological processes that have regulated the environmental change in the eec-sensitive area in China; (2) to develop the prediction of future global change and the relationship between the Chinese geographical environment and the globalenvironment; (3) to understand the interaction processes between the human and their geographical environment during Holocene.
  • Ren Guoyu
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    last years saw a rapid development in paleoclimatology.New characteristic feature has appeared in theresearch, which is mainly reflected in the close combination between modern climatic dynamics and paleoclimatology.They go ahead hand in hand.Paleoclimatological research enhanced the understanding of climate system,and climate change research helped in the prosperity of paleoclimatology.This paper reviews the major developments of paleoclimatology in the last few years internationally.These progresses could be best seen in: (1) detection and attribution of global climatic change using high resolution paleo-data series; (2) tropical temperatureanomalies of the LGM and climate system sensitivity; (3) rapid climate changes in the glacial and post glacialperiods and the possibility of future "surprises" in a warming world; and (4) paleo-vegetation reconstruction ofspecific time slices (e.g.6000 a B.P.and 18000 a B.P.) and the applications in studies of the past bio-geophysical feedback.Some problems relative to the studies of the four aspects are discussed.
  • Xiao Duning
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    Landscape geography came from a geographical clique of German and Russia.It has a long history.After acentury’s development, fully absorbing the important thoughts of ecology, system science and anthropology,gradually getting rid of the 3tale and bringing forth the fresh, it has formed the new generation landscape sciencewhich is delegated by landscape ecology until the 1980’ s.Lnadscape ecology merges the study of relationship between structure and function, and human function process in geography, forms the theory frame which focuseson the concepts of pattern and process in different scale and the human-dominated landscape evolution, etc.Itemphasizes practical applied field, such as landscape planning and management.Landscape architecture embodiesthe cross of landscape science and engineering, combines the creature and engineer steps, construct human-habitat environment which can fully reveal multiple value of landscape.The paper discusses the formation and development of modern landscape science systematically, introduces the core concepts of landscape ecology at the pointof scientific research epistemology.