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  • 1997 Volume 17 Issue 1
    Published: 20 January 1997
      
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  • AN ANALYSIS ON THE CAUSE OF DEVELOPMENT GAPS BETWEEN THE EAST, CENTRE AND WEST OF CHINA
    Chen Guojie
    1997, 17(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.1
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    The formation and enlarging of economic development gaps between the east, centre and west in China resulted from long time evolution by comprehensive effects consisting of historical, natural and social factors. Contemporary unbalance of regional economic development enlarges the gap of economic grades in the three parts of China. It is a good way for the western China to carry out the strategy of overall opening to outside world, but it should emphasize to connect with the Pacific Area and the eastern and central parts of China. Meantime, it is not negligent for the western part to accelerate the construction of trafic trunk connecting the west with the east.
  • NORTHEAST ASIAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND THE TUMEN RIVER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
    Andrew Marton
    1997, 17(1): 8-17. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.8
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    The Tumen River Area Development Project is a plan for a transport mega-complex at the mouth of the Tumen River on the Sea of Japan. Because the three major stake-holders are the People’s Republic of China, Russia and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea the project raises complex jurisdictional and economic problems. We review the context in which the project was established and then outline the evolution of the various plans for development of the region. Next the conditions for judging the efficacy of the project in both the short run and the long run are presented in the context of regional trade. The Tumen Project may well play a significant role in stimulating the local regional economy, including Mongolia, and help raise the rate of economic growth in that part of Northeast Asia which has so-far lagged behind the rest. There is, however, a danger that if the project is implemented on too large a scale it may simply duplicate facilities in the region with no consequent aggregate benefit. The level of cooperation required among the stakeholders is high for the project to succeed and overcoming this impediment is still the project’s greatest challenge.
  • COMPOSITIONS OF 18O AND 13C IN VARIOUS CARBONATES AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CORE RM IN THE ZOIE BASIN
    Wu Jinglu
    1997, 17(1): 18-23. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.18
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    The hole RM, the deepest one fully obtained from the core in the Tibetan Plateau, is situated in the depocenter of the Zoie Basin(33°57′N; 102°21′E)in northeastern Tibetan Plateau with a depth of 310.46 m. From 14 C dating and paleomagnetic stratigraphic study, the core RM dated back to 900 ka B.P.. In this paper we analyzed the compositions of 18O and 13C in various carbonates(snail, obstrode, chemical carbonate)in core RM and discussed preferably the paleoclimatic record by the proxies of δ 18O and δ 13C of chemical carbonate(authicarbonate)from core RM in the past 140 ka.. The results show that the values of δ 18O in various carbonates are generally identical, and the values of δ 13C in it are inconsistent while there exists a better relativity. The studies also demonstrate that there is a negative correlation between δ 18O and δ 13C of authicarbonate in core RM in the past 140 ka, showing that the changes of δ 18O values is mainly relative to the water temperature. According to the above, the climatic evolutionary sequence in the past 140 ka in the region is rebuilt.
  • THE FRACTAL FEATURES OF DEBRIS FLOW AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
    Yi Shunmin, Sun Yunzhi
    1997, 17(1): 24-31. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.24
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    In this paper, fractal structure of granulometric distribution of fluid and accumulation in debris flow are analysed based on fractal theory. The Fractal dimensions values of fluid and accumulation of debris flow are between 2 to 3, and its average values are about 2.71 and 2.65. Fractal feature of water system of debris flow gully and its variational situation of fractal dimensions in different observation scales are studied. The results show that fractal dimension can be taken as a parameter describing granulometric composition of debris flow and water system of debris flow gully, reflecting the evolutional property of debris flow activity. The significance of fractal dimension is discussed.
  • RESPONSES OF GLACIER AND GLACIAL RUNOFF TO CLIMATIC CHANGE——A model in simulating the Glacier No.1 in headwaters of the Urumqi River
    Ye Baisheng, Chen Kegong, Shi Yafeng
    1997, 17(1): 32-40. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.32
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    This paper presents a model that simulates processes on responses of Glacier No.1 in headwaters of the Urumqi River to various future climatic scenarios with a glacier dynamic model. The results indicate that the Glacier No.1 in headwaters of the Urumqi River will continue to retreat if current climatic conditions prevail, until it reaches a steady state of 1600 m in length after 700 to 800 years. If the air temperature were to rise 1℃, the glacier would degenerate and become a hanging glacier with a length of 300 m after 700 to 800 years. Due to glacier degeneration, cooling function of the glacier would decrease so that the increase of the air temperature in glaciated area would be higher than that in non glaciated areas. The current glacier runoff is in higher value in comparison with the runoff in the equilibrium state under the current climatic conditions. If the air temperature would continue to rise, hovewer, the runoff of the glacier would still increase and reach a new peak but after then decrease rapidly.
  • CLASSIFIED-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHANGED RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT YIELDS
    Bao Weimin
    1997, 17(1): 41-46. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.41
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    In this paper, classified quantitative analysis of changed runoff and sediment yields caused by changing climatic conditions and human activities within a basin was done by making use of physical conceptual model. It has been tested if it is efficient and rational for the flow-sediment coupled simulation model for middle large scale basin introduced in literature to apply to simulate flow-sediment of Jingcun basin and Hekou Longmen interarea, and the results were satisfactory. Quantitative analysis periods were divided according to the effects of changing human activities on basin flow-sediment yields. Methods of classified quantitative analysis were proposed, and quantities of changed flow-sediment yields caused by changing climatic conditions and human activities were analysiszed for various periods.
  • PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ACIDITY AND CONDUCTIVITY FEATURES OF FIVE KINDS OF WATER AT POINT BARROW, ALASKA
    Hou Shugui, Qin Dahe, Zhang Qingsong
    1997, 17(1): 47-55. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.47
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    In this paper, the acidity and conductivity features of five kinds of water samples collected at Point Barrow, Alaska are considered. Results show that the summer precipitation is acidic, while the surface water alkaline. We also notice that the ground ice displays a weak acidic medium, which is much different from the surface water. As proved by the conductivity values, the fresh-water lake doesn’t show chemical enrichment compared to river or precipitation. Unlike other’s work at the Canadian High Arctic, positive relationship between conductivity and acidity of the precipitation samples isn’t found in our work, which means that the chemical features of the summer precipitation should be influenced by local alkiline dust to a certain extent, while the chemical features of the winter precipitation is mainly controlled by acidic sulphate particles.
  • ANALYSIS ON ADJUSTMENT OF MAIN STREAM CHANNEL OF THE LAOHA RIVER AND A TRIBUTARY UPSTREAM OF HONGSHAN RESERVOIR
    Shi Changxing
    1997, 17(1): 56-62. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.56
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    This article deals with the processes and mechanisms of channel adjustments of the main stream and a tributary, the Yangchangzi River, upstream of Hongshan reservoir on the Laoha River, which is located in the northeast of China. The channel adjustments are reflected by changes of channel capacity, ratio of square root of channel width to depth, slope, bed material composition and channel pattern. It was illustrated that, in the processes of channel accretion headward caused by uplifted water level, the feedback couples between main stream and tributaries, between upper and lower reaches, between channel and floodplain and between ecosystem and river system were getting active. Under the influences of the complex feedback mechanisms, the channel capacity of the studied reach had undulated obviously in the general decrease tendency, the channel slope and the median grainsize of bed materials increased after strongly lowered, the geometry of channel was adjusted favorably to sediment transport in long term. The channel pattern of the studied reach has changed from wandering to sinuous under the influences of many factors. The adjustment of the channel of the tributary showed similar characteristics as that of the main channel. The sediment concentration of the tributary decreased after its erosion basis was raised.
  • A STUDY ON THE LIFE CYCLE OF MOUNTAIN RESORTS——A case study of Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhuashan Mountain
    Lu Lin
    1997, 17(1): 63-69. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.63
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    This paper, on the basis of the case study of Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhuashan Mountain, studies the life cycle of mountain resorts and thinks that as for Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhuashan Mountain, the exploration stage and involvement stage have passed by, the development stage comes in. The paper supposes that it is possible and necessary to guide the two mountain resorts going into the maturity stage, by taking effective measures.
  • ON LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION AREA
    Zheng Daxian
    1997, 17(1): 70-75. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.70
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    This paper advances a concept on landscape ecological protection area to generalize the special landscape elements which are established in the landscape ecological planning and construction for preserving the stability of all landscape mosaics and the regional continuous development, explans the properties and characters of the area which are different to the pure natural protection regions in common sense. The author classifies these protection areas into 4 types(connection, obstruction, resource and buffer protection areas)according to their functions in landscape, discusses the different characters and evolution tendencies between natural and artificial originated protection areas. Taking Haitan Island in Fujian as a example the author suggests that one showld bring the landscape ecological protection area planning into the planning on territorial management and development.
  • BUILDING RUNOFF YIELD MODEL IN THE SUBREGION USING REMOTE SENSING DATA
    Wang Lachun, Xiong Jiangbo
    1997, 17(1): 76-80. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.76
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    This model, which is built using remote sensing data, has been fully considered the bad distribution of precipitation in area, and has solved the problem that yield runoff parameters can’t separate selection in other scatter model. It improves the calculation precision of runoff yield. Using remote sensing data can extract yield runoff parameters effected by natural geographical factors, and the parameters will conform to the general regulaity of hydrology. It can be used in the areas without data available.
  • COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR RIVER PARTICULATE HEAVY METAL POLLUTION
    Huo Wenyi, Huang Fengru, Chen Jingsheng, Jia Zhenbang
    1997, 17(1): 81-86. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1997.01.81
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    Assessment of particulate quality clearly reveals its prominent role in heavy metal cycling. For this reason, two new methods(RSP and PEF)are put forward. Combined with preceding literature, four methods are compared. Based on assessment results of main rivers of out country, the paper proves that most of rivers are not seriously contaminated by heavy metal due to their strong buffer capacity. The aim of this paper is to provide theoretical reference for further studies and to provide appropriate selection for particulate quality assessment under different situations.