EN中文

Archive

  • 2009 Volume 29 Issue 6
    Published: 20 November 2009
      
    论文
  • Select all
    |
    论文
  • 论文
    Analyses of Factors of High-level Falents’Migration and Significance of Establishing Anti-selection Mechanisms Among Regions
    LUO Shou-gui, WANG Ai-min, GAO Ru-xi
    2009, 29(6): 779-786. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.779
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Regional selection of talents is a kind of Matthew effect in the condition of market disposing human resources, which shows as talents’migration shifting from developing regions to developed regions.The analyses of 440 questionnaires show that the selective power from developed regions or large cities is very strong.From the angle of regional shift, among the 147 migrants, the horizontal migration (the West to the West, the Middle to the Middle, the East to the East) makes up 36%, the converse migration (the West to the Middle or the East, the Middle to the East) makes up 52.4%, while the direct migration (the East to the Middle or the West, the Middle to the West) makes up only 11.6%.From the angle of urban shift, the horizontal shift (between same level cities) makes up 67.3%, the converse migration (low level cities to high level cities) makes up 25.5%, while the direct migration (high level cities to low level cities) makes up only 7.5%.Among the 293 persons who haven’t migraten, the subjective desire of converse migration is even stronger.Those who hope to migrate to the East make up 83.5%, while those who hope to migrate to the West and the Middle in all make up only 16.7%.From the angle of cities, among the 293 persons, those who hope to migrate to metropolises and large cities in all make up 81.2%, while those who hope to migrate to medium-sized and small cities in all make up only 18.8%.The analyses also show that the migrant talents distribute in two peak age groups, one is between 25 to 30 years old, another is 45 to 50, that the migration is closely related to talents’families, but unrelated to moving distance.As regional selection of talents seriously affects poor regions, it is important to establish a kind of anti-selection mechanisms among regions.This kind of mechanisms is the important foundation of regional harmonious development, the important condition of the unity of various nationalities, the important avenues to improve the quality of population of poor districts.To establish the anti-selection mechanisms, the central government should combine talents development with economic development of poor districts, should establish a kind of award system according to work years in poor districts, should stabilize those graduating students who obtain their initial employment in poor districts by taking effective steps, should supply a powerful economic support for poor districts to draw high-level talents, and should create favorable conditions for poor districts’talents.It is important to realize that this kind of mechanisms is not planned measures which restrict the flow of trained personnel.On the contrary, even the economic measures, the policies should be based on market to realize rational distribution of high-level talents.
  • 论文
    Integration of Regional Space of Flows and Construction of Global Urban Network
    SHEN Li-zhen, GU Chao-li
    2009, 29(6): 787-793. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.787
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Space of flows as a new form of space for the new period has started to affect the formation and development of regional spatial structure and urban system.The article does the research on the integration of space of flows in regional space, found that in space of flows linkage replaces the physical contiguity, and relationship replaces the location.The relationship of regional space is to be reconstructed.In new relationship of regional space, space of flows has characteristics such as accumulation and proliferation, structure of hierarchy, geographical differences and so on.It acts on the traditional central-place systems and forms network systems of space of flows, and then build network systems of global cities.
  • 论文
    Analysis on the Evolution and Major Effect Factor of Urban-Rural Income Inequality in Beijing
    CHEN Hong-xia, LI Guo-ping
    2009, 29(6): 794-801. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.794
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The object of this paper is to analyze urban-rural income inequality in Beijing.Selecting the time-series data of 1985-2007, the paper analyzes the evolution of urban-rural income inequality in Beijing.Based on the longitudinal data analysis, using two indicators, which are the Gini coefficient reflecting the relative level of income disparity, and the income gap between urban and rural residents, the paper gets some scientific judgments which reflect the state and trends of urban-rural income inequality in Beijing.In the 23 years, the difference between an average annual disposable income of urban residents in Beijing, and an average annual net income of rural residents expands gradually.Studies suggest that changes of urban-rural income inequality in Beijing experience the evolutionary process, which is " low-income-fair-type" → "low-income-unfair type" → " high-income-unfair type".Further analysis is based on the econometrics model, which contains eight indicators of four categories of variables, revealing that there are many elements cause the results of urban-rural income inequality in Beijing, in these elements, three variables impact positively on urban-rural income inequality in Beijing, which are the employment proportion in the secondary and tertiary industries to total employment, the level of urbanization and the dual structure coefficient, and the Government Financial support for agriculture impacts negatively on the urban-rural income inequality.Based on the study above, the paper gets the countermeasures and proposals.It is significant to study the evolution and major effect factor of urban-rural income inequality in Beijing, not only for Beijing itself, but also for the other cities.
  • 论文
    Evolution, Cause and Convergence Path of Foreign Trade Difference in Chinese Mainland
    ZHANG Hong-xia, WANG Xue-zhen, CHEN Cai
    2009, 29(6): 802-808. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.802
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The synthetic evaluation based on the exploratory factor analysis indicated that the foreign trade development in Chinese mainland presents the unbalanced situation:eastern area heads the list and northeastern, mid-west areas decreases gradually.During 1985-2006, the difference of foreign trade quantity between four major regions increases step by step and the difference in internal regions tends restraining.In finished-product trade, eastern area occupies the national dominant position all the time and the ration rises year by year.In the forming process of foreign trade difference, factors such as open policy, foreign direct investment, human capital, economic infrastructure, domestic investment and geographical position play the decisive role.And the demonstration test which is carried on by the Log Unit Model indicates that expanding the road traffic construction, enhancing the decentralization level between central government and the local government, improving investment scale, increasing human capital condition, promoting communication level and strengthening the inter-provincial foreign trade cooperation, are the efficient paths to guide regional foreign trade development in the balanced direction.
  • 论文
    Assessment of Fair Space of Opportunities for Regional Development Based on Accessibility—A Case of Jiangxi Province
    ZONG Ye-xi, LU Yu-qi
    2009, 29(6): 809-816. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.809
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Regional fair is from the perspective of space to examine the question of the fairness of traffic.Traffic development will greatly improve the regional accessibility.Generally, with the high-density, high-connectivity and good-access, well-planned transportation system is good up to the region, is closely linked to the region and the outside, and gives the more opportunity to development.From fair view of the effectiveness, the realization of traffic fair will be more conductive to the realization of fairness to maximize social benefits.According to the principle of diminishing marginal utility, to improve traffic flow in the areas less developed will obtain greater efficiency and higher social recognition than in developed regions.It is important to coordinate the relationship between fairness and efficiency in the regional economic development.The purpose of regional economic development is to achieve the objectives of social equity for efficient growth, to provide equitable regional development opportunities.This paper attempts to take Jiangxi Province as a case, up to the point of view from space to explore opportunities for regional development of the space fairness.It takes a case of geography services for current application of economic and social construction.Thanks to the help of organizing and extracting spatial data, mapping and spatial analysis method of ArcGIS, under the comprehensive analysis of the methods of accessibility evaluation, a simple method be put forward based on ArcGIS.Up to a lot of evaluation methods, this study in order to achieve the accuracy of evaluation, the scope of Jiangxi Province is to be divided into some grids of the size of 100 m?100 m.The accessibility mentioned up in the paper is the shortest time from the grid to the corresponding node.The average accessibility is the average time of all the accessibility of the grids in the scope of corresponding node.The largest accessibility is the largest time of all the accessibility of the grids in the scope of corresponding node.The scope of corresponding node is gained by the function of cost-weighted distance in ArcGIS.Combined with the methods of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, regional accessibility of different levels in 1997 and 2007 has been evaluated.Through the case study of Jiangxi province, some conclusions can be summarized below:(1) The regional accessibility have been improved after decades of development.(2) The regional differences of accessibility have been minified.(3) High-grade center urban can provide a higher level of goods and services, and better development opportunities can be obtained for which closing to it.(4) The effect of traffic construction applicable to the principle of diminishing marginal utility.Increase traffic investment in backward areas contributes to the achievement of the regional fair.(5)The region of poor accessibility has fewer opportunities, and it lags behind economic development.(6)The slow development of Jiangxi Province in south-central, south, north-west resulted an unfair regional development.The innovation of this study is from the perspective of traffic up to discuss regional development opportunities of the fair, and in the process of accessibility evaluation, some problems of closed roads be better dealt with.
  • 论文
    Micro-Evaluation of Traffic Environment of Beijing
    GAO Xiao-lu, JI Jue, ZHANG Wen-zhong
    2009, 29(6): 817-824. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.817
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This paper presents an empirical analysis of the micro-scale traffic environment in Beijing.With survey data of the residents’degree of satisfaction with the traffic environment, spatial differentiations were analyzed across both geographical space and social groups, and the influencing factors leading to the differentiations were examined with logistic regression models.Based on the study, the concrete measures for improving the traffic environment were proposed from perspectives of land use, urban infrastructure and facilities, and the planning of public transportation.The main content of the paper is composed of three parts.1) The spatial distribution of the satisfaction degrees was analyzed.The results of analysis revealed that, with respect to traffic congestions, which is the least satisfied part of the traffic environment in Beijing, the dissatisfactions of people are significantly high in six areas, including traditional central commercial area (Wangfujing), large public housing areas (Huilongguan and Tiantongyuan), new IT centers (Zhongguancun), heavy rail-blocked neighborhoods (for instance, Shuangjing, Jinsong and Nanmofang), undeveloped suburban areas (Xiangshan and Zhiwuyuan) and new towns (Daxing and Tongzhou).An exploration of the characteristics of these areas showed that Beijing’s traffic problems are closely linked with land-use planning and public policies, and there are strong interactions between traffic infrastructure and urban activities.Therefore, it is necessary to adjust urban planning in order to realize sustainable urban transport.2) The satisfaction degrees of different people were studied.The traffic behaviors and socio-economic attributes of the residents significantly differ across four social groups, namely, educated and wealthy families, young workers, working class families, and the original inhabitants of Beijing.The last group, which is also the poorest, is significantly vulnerable in traffic.The incorporation of social policies for vulnerable social groups living in remote suburban areas is critical.3) The effects of the planning of public transportation on people’s satisfaction were analyzed.The analysis implied that optimization of the public transportation services, especially the distribution of bus stops within 800 m, would effectively improve the satisfaction of residents.Furthermore, it was found that 25-40 and 50-80 bus stops within the distance of 800 m are the best densities of bus stops in the central areas within the Third Ring Road and in the urban areas outside the Third Ring Road, respectively.Upon the results, the areas uncovered by the 800 m buffering areas of bus stops were identified, and it was suggested to increase new bus stops in these areas.The connection of bus stops with the 30 main places of the city was also found to have a significant impact on people’s satisfaction.The results were used for identifying the places where the connections of public transportation were poor and for optimizing the design of bus lines.
  • 论文
    Research on Dynamic Changes and Evolution Model of Urban Residential Quarter of Dalian in Past Ten Years
    XU Yan, LI Xue-ming, GAO Jun-feng, GUO Jian-ke
    2009, 29(6): 825-832. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.825
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The expansion of urban residential space is a continuously dynamic process, and displays different spatial characteristic in the different stage of urban development.Along with the rapid development of urbanization and real estate, the temporal-spatial complexity of residential quarter is prominent day by day, and residents’behavior of choose residence place and residential location are constantly changing.First, based on statistical information, combining with the field surveys and telephone visits collects the relevant data of urban residential quarter from 1998 to 2006;using spatial analysis function reveals the time-space evolution of urban residential quarter in the last ten years from empirical and quantitative angle;the process of evolution could be classified into three stages:rapid growth, slowly adjustment, and expansion of blowout type.The former two stages, residential space expansion takes the release of rigidity demand on the initial marketability and the guidance of transportation infrastructure construction as the main driving force, the town center plot is a mainstream, and in the later period the obvious residential quarter suburbanization phenomenon appears.On the third stage, as the non-native population gradually increases, the transportation network gradually improves and the private vehicle massive emergences, the expansion of residential quarter is faster than infrastructure construction, the community environment and the natural landscape become the most important factor of the residential quarter layout, the suburbanization become the mainstream.Second, the article analyzes the "location direction" rule which is followed by the characteristic of space-time dynamic change.The development of residential quarter is influenced by the location condition, the region infrastructure condition (transportation, education, health and so on), the environment condition (nature, society, humanities environment) and presents different location directions.Dalian mainly has following four kinds of situation:the urban fringe layout, traffic road layout, and approaching hi-tech garden and natural resources layout as well as near university layout.At last, Dalian is the city which develops unceasingly along the harbor, and is limited by multi-mountain terrains;the residential space expands along the old city with circle structure while spreads to city fringe area, meanwhile depends on the traffic artery to extend to the hinterland in sector and to form the relatively concentrated spatial structure of the residential group.The residential spatial expansion urges the formation of new urban business center, impels city space restructuring.The development of residential space has accelerated the suburbanization of residence and residential space differentiation.
  • 论文
    Spatial Expansion and Evolution of Yanji City Based on GIS
    LI Ming-yu, HUANG Huan-chun
    2009, 29(6): 833-839. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.833
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this article,it has been analyzed the characteristics of the expansion trend of the Yanji urban form from 1976-2008, by the methods of "equal fan-analysis" and different time-distance of gray system, mainly based on remote sensing image data in 1976,1992, 2001, 2008.Yanji urban form has changed from mass into a star;the three expansion bands of urban form, expand along the east-west Buerhatong River and the northward Yanji River, the strength of extend of the three bands is highest,by four factors of natural, economic, political, transportation;from the forecast results of different time-distance methods, Yanji urban form will maintain a trend of rapid expansion.But Yanji City has limited available land resources for the urbanization.So it is proposed to take measures early to cope with.
  • 论文
    Protective-oriented Tourism Development Mode of Rural Heritage Site:—A Case Study of Longmen Ancient Town, Zhejiang
    SUN Yi-hui, CHEN Tian, ZHANG Meng
    2009, 29(6): 840-845. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.840
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    With increasing demand for ecological and cultural tourism in recent years, rural heritage tourism becomes more and more popular worldwide.As the representation of local culture, folk custom and architectural art reflecting the evolvement of historical culture and social development, it is of great significance to be protected and made good use of the rural heritage.In China, the vast geographical land has nurtured colorful rural heritage, which promoted cultural tourism development greatly.However, with the rapid development of tourism, problems such as over-commercialization and tourism urbanization occurred which threatened the protection and sustainable development of the rural heritage resources.On the one hand, urbanization and rural modernization have a great impact on traditional landscape and make the cultural identification gradually lose.Furthermore, the traditional mode of tourism development is resources-oriented, which focuses on the protection of core area or primary buildings especially.So the protected area becomes more and more limited while the core area shrinks and traditional landscapes are changed.This "centralized" mode brings many conflicts between rural heritage’s protection and tourism development.In view of these problems, it is necessary to develop a new way for managing the local cultural resources in tourism.Taking Longmen ancient town for an example, this article discussed the effective way to protect and further exploit rural heritage resources aiming for sustainable tourism development:First, to identify the culture features and the extent of ancient villages and towns, based on which a cultural landscape zoning approach can be applied.Second, to define a cooperative function area to relax the pressure on core areas and to protect their authentic cultures by extending tourism space.In addition, to balance the tourism development with traditional industries to enhance the sustainability of community economies.
  • 论文
    Channel Characteristics of Upper and Middle Heilongjiang River Based on RS
    ZHANG Shu-wen, CAI Hong-yan, KUANG Wen-hui, ZHANG Xin-le, ZHANG Yang-zhen, LÜ yan
    2009, 29(6): 846-852. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.846
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on Landsat-7 ETM+ images in 2000, relief maps, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and other related data, this research investigated the channel characteristics of the upper and middle Heilongjiang River, from the channel plane configuration and longitudinal profile morphology, to discuss how river dynamics, natural environmental conditions and human activities influenced the Heilongjiang channel characteristics.Methods used in the study included remote sensing technique and GIS spatial statistical analysis.The result indicates that the mean sinuosity over the upper and middle Heilongjiang River is 1.20, and the whole river is relative stable, though in partial reaches the channel plane configuration is complicated.The longitudinal profile of the upper and middle Heilongjiang River is concave.The channel characteristics follow the river dynamic character and it is the result of the interaction of water and river bed which is influenced by natural environmental conditions and human activities.Integrating RS and GIS technologies is an effective way to identify the channel characteristics and further research should be made in combination of multi-temporal RS images, hydrological data and other measured data to reveal the evolvement of Heilongjiang River.
  • 论文
    Flood Vulnerability and Risk in Coastal Regions of China
    SHI Yong, XU Shi-yuan, SHI Chun, SUN A-li
    2009, 29(6): 853-857. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.853
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The paper discusses the structure of the disaster risk system.There are three main methods in risk assessment about natural disasters:the historical disaster data based method, the indicator system based method and the method based on scenario simulation.The paper deducts the register of historical disasters, according to the idea in international risk assessment programmes about natural disasters.The paper concludes some regional differentiation rules of flood vulnerability and discusses the reasons of these phenomena in order to find out the origin of disaster vulnerability from the human society.There are not enough historical disaster data, so an information diffusion based fuzzy method is introduced to optimize the historical data and proved to be a practical method for risk assessment of natural disasters.After the order of risk and vulnerability are compared, vulnerability is proved to be a pivotal tache to risk.It is also important to find out the rule of floods and reduce the exposure of human beings to decrease the risk.
  • 论文
    Comparison about Flood Frequency Analysis on Different Time Scales in Jinghe River Channel
    ZHA Xiao-chun, HUANG Chun-chang, PANG Jiang-li, LI Yu-qin, GU Ming-xing
    2009, 29(6): 858-863. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.858
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Flood frequency analysis was the main methods to calculate the design flood in water conservancy construction.Based on palaeoflood recorded in JH-CJC sedimentological profile between Bin County and Liquan County in Jinghe River channel, the flood frequenciies of the gauge flood, gauge flood+ historical flood and gauge flood+ historical flood+ palaeoflood were analyzed in this paper.The results showed that the palaeofloods data were connected with the historical flood and gauge flood data, the flood data sequence were prolonged and the credibility of flood frequency result was greatly advanced.So, studying the palaeoflood recorded in sedimentological evidence was very important to the conservancy construction, mitigate flood hazard and develop water resources.
  • 论文
    Evolutionary Regularity of Runoff of Nenjiang River Basin in Period 1956-2000
    TANG Yun, WANG Hao, YAN Deng-hua, TANG Ke-wang
    2009, 29(6): 864-868. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.864
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This paper analyzed evolutionary features of annual runoff of the Nenjiang River Basin during the 45 years between 1956 and 2000, by applying random hydrologic method.The research indicated that hydrologic cycle of runoff in the basin was 32 years.On the whole, there existed no apparent runoff trend within the 45 years.Furthermore, the paper also studied consumable water usage of the basin, and it showed that the general impact extent of mankind water consumption to basin water cycle was 5%, but it varied greatly within the basin, such as the case of the Tao’er River Basin, rising to as high as 16%, showing greater mankind water consumption there.In terms of annual runoff analysis, impact factor during the 1970s in the whole basin was higher than any other decades, reflecting the fact that mankind water consumption exerted greater impact on water cycle during low flow period.
  • 论文
    Spatial Variability of Soil Salinity and Alkalization and Its Correlation with Mic-topography in the West of Songnen Plain
    YANG Fan, ZHANG Guang-xin, YIN Xiong-rui, LI Xiu-jun
    2009, 29(6): 869-873. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.869
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Soil salinity content(SC), electrical conductivity(EC), pH, SAR were studied and analyzed by using statistics and geo-statistics in saline-sodic soil land in the West of Songnen Plain.The result indicated SC, EC, SAR, pH were strongly spatial autocorrelation resulting from compound impact of structural factors.The spatial distribution maps of interpolated by Kriging interpolation showed apparently that the spatial distribution of SC, EC, SAR and pH were similar.Through Peason correlation,the result showed four indexs of salinity and alkalization were significant correlation with relative height.With increasing of relative height, four indexs were increased based curve of quadratic objective function.So salinity and alkalization was mostly controlled by microtopography in saline-alkali land.The research results can serve as a theoretical and technical basis for vegetation restoration and utilization of saline soils in the saline-alkali land.
  • 论文
    Spatial Decision Analysis on Returning Farmland to Wetland Based on GIS in the Sanjiang Plain
    HUANG Ni, LIU Dian-wei, WANG Zong-ming, ZHANG Bai, SONG Kai-shan, REN Chun-ying
    2009, 29(6): 874-879. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.874
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The 50 years’development and construction leads to the great reduce of wetland area, the whole function degradation of wetland and a series of serious ecological environment problems in the Sanjiang Plain.The Sanjiang Plain evolving from development to conservation is an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of socio-economy and environment.On the basis of re-recognization of wetland importance in the Sanjiang Plain, the implementation of returning farmland to wetland project can recover integrity, naturalness and diversity of regional ecosystem, improve its fragile ecological environment, and make contribution for ecological environment improvement of China and the whole world.This paper chooses the Sanjiang Plain as research object, discusses the feasibility of using the remote sensing and GIS technologies to determine the farmland number and spatial distribution of returning farmland to wetland.Four steps are included.Firstly, the GIS database platforms for making decisions are established including land use, DEM, wetland buffer, river buffer, lake buffer, administrative area, soil types, geomorphological types and farmland productivity which are created by remote sensing and GIS technologies.All data are referenced to the same projection and coordination and interpolated as grid data with a resolution of 100 m.Secondly, the low yield farmland data from farmland productivity is overlain with river buffer data, wetland buffer data, elevation data and lake buffer data.Thirdly, the expert knowledge about returning farmland to wetland is collected, and the models for finding a suitable place for being returned back to wetland are formulated based on ARCGIS.There are 525 652 ha and 194 029 ha of farmland to be gradually converted into wetland on the basis of the models, which respectively accounted for 8.76% and 3.23% of the farmland in 2005.Finally, the distribution of the place suitable for wetland in administrative area is obtained by using the overlay and spatial statistic analysis.The research shows that, with this method, considerable manpower, material and financial resources can be saved.The result can not only be presented in table form, but also in graphic form, which is very useful for planning, executing and managing the returning farmland to wetland and provides scientific basis for ecological environment establishment in the Sanjiang Plain.
  • 论文
    Flood Changing Trend and Flooding Mechanism in Lixiahe Region, Jiangsu, China
    YE Zheng-wei, XU You-peng, XU Jing-tao
    2009, 29(6): 880-885. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.880
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Located in the north Jiangsu, East China, Lixiahe region is a relatively closed region with frequent flood, it is of great importance to discuss flood changing trend and flooding mechanism for the mitigation strategy in Lixiahe region.Results based on the analysis of the historical flood in the region show that flood types are complex, which have a diverse characteristics, high water level occurs frequently, recently, especially with high reoccurrence interval of flood water level, and frequency of the causative storm is increasing significantly.We view the flooding mechanism of the Lixiahe region a coupling effect of the natural factors and human factors.For natural factors, certainly the storm precipitation plays the most basic role in the flooding mechanism, the bowl-shaped topography is the main background of flood, and the interlaced complex water system makes flood appear more easily.And more, irrational anthropogenic activity is another part for the flooding mechanism, the building of dyke and embankment greatly decreases the lake area, which evidently weakens the capacity of the lake and water body, accumulation of mud resulting from dam construction and the low standard of drainage system makes the continuance of high flooding water level, and the increase of runoff coefficient caused by hydrological effect of urbanization like the increase of imperviousness with the sprawl of urban also leads to great flood in Lixiahe region.Therefore, to ensure the sustainable development for this region, both natural and social factors for flood mitigation should be considered scientifically.
  • 论文
    Vegetation Landscape Change Pattern and Habitats Fragmentation in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve
    HAO Yun-qing, JIANG Hong, WANG Jin-xi, JIN Jing, MA Yuan-dan
    2009, 29(6): 886-892. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.886
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The protection effect of Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve has received considerable attention, especially in view of its stimulating tourism after the 1990s.Remote sensing data from 1974, 1994 and 2002 were chosen for the analysis of this reserve, and landcover was divided into 7 types, i.e.Conifer Forest (CF), Conifer and Broadleaf Mixed Forest (CBM), Deciduous Broadleaf (DB), Shrubland (SL), Meadow (MD), Bareland (BL) and Water Area (WA).We find that the quality and quantity of the forest in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve continues to decline, owing to the conifer area and whole forest area constantly shrinking, as well as the landscape fragmentation increasing.The rate of loss of forest in the second period (1994-2002) had showed down much than that in the first period (1974-1994), due to nature protection.Shrubland area continued to increase throughout the two periods, with an increased speed in the second period which was about 3.5 times that in the first period.Along with habitat loss and fragmentation, the future of endangered creatures is uncertain.We suggest that people should consider the influence of the so called ‘ecotourism’by cautious insight.
  • 论文
    Characteristics of Nutrient Elements’Enrichment in Deposits of Chaohu Lake and Its Indication for Environmental Change During Last 800 Years
    JIA Tie-fei, ZHANG Wei-guo, YU Li-zhong, YU Tie-qiao
    2009, 29(6): 893-899. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.893
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    According to an analysis of the age data, granularity and magnetic in deposits of Chaohu Lake, and based on the foundation of chronological studying pole, core CH1 could be divided into 4 sedimentary chronological sections during the last 800 years:① 1177 A.D.to 1271 A.D., matched along with the records in deposits of the depth from 141 cm to 125 cm, is proven to be a wet /warm period and the lake level became higher.② 1271 A.D.to 1747 A.D., matched along with the records in deposits of the depth from 125 cm to 44 cm, is proven to be a stage in which the organic matter accumulated in a general wet environment.From 1477 A.D.to 1747 A.D.in this stage, the records in deposits of the depth from 90 cm to 44 cm, reflect the variable characteristics of climate during the Little Ice Age (LIA) in eastern China, which indicates a general wet environment despite of some dry/cold alternative action during the period, including the drought maximum of the oscillation in 1747 A.D.③ 1747 A.D.to 1865 A.D., matched along with the records in deposits of the depth from 44 cm to 24 cm, the last 100 years, still stayed in the LIA, but the climate of Chaohu Lake became warmer and the lake level uplifted.④ 1865 A.D.to the present, matched along with the records in deposits of the depth from 24 cm above, is proven to be a dry period and climate became drier.After the Enrichment Indices of the chemical elements and mineral nutrients content in the last 800 years are calculated by taking normalization, it is seen that the TOC/TN has increased with unnatural levels since the 1860s, while the TP has enriched with unnatural levels since the 1660s.These facts can reflect the environmental change impacted by human activities, and is also the evidence of the beginning of eutrophication during the history epoch in Chaohu Lake.
  • 论文
    Modelling of Lagging Response of NDVI in Ejina Oasis to Rnoff in the Lower Reaches of Heihe River
    GE Xiao-guang, XUE Bo, WAN Li, HU Fu-sheng
    2009, 29(6): 900-904. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.900
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A linear system modeling for Ejina oasis vegetation was established by regarding lower downstream annual volumes of the Heihe River, the second major inland river of China, as exciting inputs, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) of the oasis interpretated from NOAA/AVHRR data as the system’s responses.The model can simulate vegetation lagged development of the oasis behind of Heihei River’s runoff at regional scale, and shows that downstream runoff of the Heihe River each year can significantly affect the oasis vegetation development in current year and subsequent 5 years in which the most remarkable effect appeares in second year, and declines year by year.It is recorgnized that lagging effect is adjusted by structure of aquifers and vadose zone and oasis scale, and is the concrete embodiment of sustainability of the oasis ecosystem.
  • 论文
    Response of Sediment to Correlative Significant Events and Policies of Hekou-Longmen Region in Huanghe River basin
    ZHANG Shi-jie, JIAO Ju-ying, LI Lin-yu, HUANG Xiao-hua
    2009, 29(6): 905-910. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.905
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The analysis by using double-mass curve of cumulative runoff and sediment discharge and sediment decoupling indicator shows that, there is a significant relationship between the variation of sediment loads and correlative significant events and policies of Hekouzhen and Longmen region in the Huanghe (Yellow) River Basin.The maximum average sediment loads appeared in "Reclaiming Wastland" period,which is 1.8 times larger than the annual average sediment loads in 1951-2006.The average sediment loads are also larger in "Great Leap Forward" Movement, "Emulating Dazhai on Agriculture" and "Culture Revolution" period, which is 1.4 to 1.5 times more than the annual average sediment loads in 1951-2006 respectively.After the Chinese Reform and Opening, sediment loads decreased significantly, the average sediment loads reduced 55.7% compared to that before Reform and Opening, especially after "Grain for Green" project in 1999, the average sediment loads reached its minimum level in the whole period, which is only 33.3% of the annual average sediment loads in 1951-2006.
  • 论文
    Responses of Changing of Climatic Seasons to Global Warming:A case of Hubei Province in Central China
    CHEN Zheng-hong, SHI Rui-qin, CHEN Bo
    2009, 29(6): 911-916. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.911
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In the last 100 yr especially in the last 50 yr, the earth is getting warmer in most part of the world and China, which leads climatic belts moving northward and higher, and the change of the phenological period and growing season.The changing of climatic seasons are also observed in some parts of China.The climatic seasons are adopted that means the 5 d-moving averaged temperature ≤10.0℃ as winter, ≥22.0℃ as summer, and 10.0-22.0℃ as spring or autumn.For revealing the responding mode and degree of climatic seasons to global warming systematically, the daily average temperature of 10 representative meteorological stations in Hubei Province during 1951-2006 are used to calculate and analyze the elemental properties and changing trends of beginning dates and lengths of four seasons.The results show that:1) The provincially averaged beginning dates in spring, summer, autumn and winter are respectively Mar.22, May 27, Sept.27, and Nov.27, and the averaged length is 65.7 d, 122.8 d, 60.9 d and 115.6 d, respectively, and their spatial and inter-annual variations are obvious.2) In last 56 yr, the provincially averaged beginning dates of spring and summer were advanced for 2.8 d and 1.6 d, respectively, and those of autumn and winter were delayed for 4.0 d and 6.1 d respectively, and only that of the winter was changing significantly, which means the seasons in the first half of a year were getting earlier, and the seasons in the second half of a year were getting later with more significant change.The extreme examples included 9.7 d advanced for spring in Wuhan in 56 yr, 6.7 d advanced for summer in Macheng in 48yr, 15.0 d delayed for autumn in Jingzhou in 54 yr, 11.4 d delayed for Macheng in 48 yr.3) In last 56 yr, the provincially averaged length of winter was shortened for 8.9 d, those of summer and autumn were prolonged for 6.3 d, 2.0 d, respectively, and that of spring varies little.That means more change in winter and summer than in spring and autumn.The extreme examples included 21.1 d prolonged for summer in Jingzhou in 53 yr, 17.0 d shortened for winter in Wuhan in 56 yr.4)There were larger change of climatic seasons in the eastern and middle parts of Hubei Province due to larger warming effect,while lighter change of climatic seasons in the western mountainous area corresponding to little warming effect.And also larger change in climatic seasons in the urban area of the larger cities such as Wuhan were observed.It is obvious that the climatic seasons show some distinct variations or trends in Hubei Province, that will affect agricultural activity, crop growing, even our daily life such as outgoing, dressing, shopping and selling and so on.Some countermeasures must be taken as soon as possible.
  • 论文
    δ13C, δ18O Values and Their Paleoenvironmental Significance of Modern Asian Takin Tooth Enamel from the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon
    LI Yu-mei, LIU Tung-sheng, HONG Bing, CHU Guo-qiang, HONG Ye-tang, ZHU Yong-xuan, PENG Jian-hua, DONG Li-min, HAN Jia-mao
    2009, 29(6): 917-922. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.917
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This paper addresses the δ13C, δ18O values and paleoenvironmental significance of modern Asian takins(Budorcas taxicolor), yaks and cattle-yaks tooth enamel from the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon, and tooth enamel of modern reindeers (Rangifer tarandus) from Svalbard, the Arctic.The Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon has a length of about 496.3 km and cuts its way through the eastern Himalayas.Its climate ranges from subtropical to arctic.The takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is a large ungulate belongjing to the Bovidae.There are four subspecies:B.taxicolor taxicolor, B.taxicolor bedfordi, B.taxicolor tibetana and B.taxicolor whitei.B.taxicolor taxicolor is found in the eastern Himalayas, such as the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon.Stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of tooth enamel has been established as a valuable tool for reconstructing paleoenvironment.In this paper, tooth enamel samples were obtained from modern Asian takins, yaks, cattle-yaks and reindeers for C and O isotope analysis.δ13C values of takin tooth enamel range from -19.3‰ to -2.2‰.The takins living at an altitude of 1300 m have δ13C values ranging from -19.3‰ to -18.9‰, with an average δ13C value of -19.1‰;δ13C value of takins living at an altitude of 1700 m is -10.7‰;δ13C values of takins living at an altitude of 1830 m are from -10.7‰ to -10.3‰, with an average δ13C value of -10.5‰;takins living at an altitude of 3000 m have δ13C values of -4.6‰ to -2.2‰, with an average δ13C value of -3.4‰.There is a direct correlation between δ13C values of takin tooth enamel and the altitude, a higher altitude equaling a higher δ13C value.This could be due to an association with C4 plants.Higher δ13C values such as -3.4‰ could suggest consumption of large amounts of C4 plants by the animals.It is more likely attributed to the abundance of C4 plants in this area.The lower enamel δ13C values such as -19.1‰ indicate that the takins were feeding predominantly on C3 plants, consistent with the dominance of C3 plant in the lower elevation.δ13C values of reindeers live in Svalbard are -20.2‰ to -17.8‰, with an average δ13C value of -19.0‰, in conformity with the absence of C4 plant in the Arctic.The yak teeth have δ13C values ranging from -15.0‰ to -8.7‰.Cattle-yaks have δ13C values of -12.5‰ and -9.3‰.Maybe these domestic animals were feed with some artificial diet.δ18O values of takin tooth enamel range from -9.8‰ to -5.7‰.The takins live at an altitude of 1300 m, 1700 m, 1830 m and 3000 meters have average δ18O values of -8.1‰, -5.7‰, -6.7‰ and -6.8‰, respectively.The δ18O values of takin tooth enamel do not show a trend with increasing elevation.Average δ18O values of yak tooth enamel are -11.7‰ and -13.6‰.Average δ18O value of cattle-yak tooth enamel is -5.3‰.There are variations among the different species.
  • 论文
    Palaeoenvironmental Significance of Geochemistry Elements and Grain Size of DS Core Sediments in Xinghua,Jiangsu Province
    SHU Qiang, ZHAO Zhi-jun, CHEN Ye, ZHANG Mao-heng, LI Ji-jun
    2009, 29(6): 923-928. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.923
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A sediment core of the typical area of East Asian monsoon from North Jiangsu Basin was chosen for the study.Based on the analyses of geochemistry elements and grain size of DS core sediments from the basin, the paper probed into the characteristics and the environmental significance of geochemistry elements ratios and grain size.The results show that regional palaeoenvironmental changes were divided into five periods:cool and dry period of 13,700-11,310 cal a B P, and include Younger Dryas Event;warm and moist period of 11,310-9,100 cal a B P;temperate and moist period of 9,100-7,710 cal a BP;temperature and humidity fluctuated high frequency period of 7,710-6,480 cal a B P;warm and moist period of 6,480-0 cal a B P.The records of climatic and environmental evolution of DS core were in accordance with the GRIP oxygen isotope record and Donggedong’s stalagmite oxygen isotope record approximately.It responded to regional environmental and global abrupt climatic changes.
  • 论文
    Change and Social-cultural Spatial Differentiation in Clan Cultural Landscape in Foshan from the Ming Dynasty to Early Republic of China—A Perspective of Ancestral Halls
    LI Fan, ZHU Hong, HUANG Wei
    2009, 29(6): 929-937. https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.929
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Since the Ming Dynasty, co-existence of two types of clan cultural landscape, eight Tu aboriginal clan cultural landscape and immigrant clan cultural landscape, has gradually formed in Foshan and influenced the development of urban spaces in Foshan.The paper, by extracting geographical information on cultural landscape such as the ancestral halls and basic spatial data of different historical periods from ancient maps and historical literature, establishes a historical GIS database for Foshan.Based on it and a review of historical literature, the paper takes the perspective of the ancestral halls in the interpretation of socio-cultural spatial meanings connoted in the temporal-spatial changes occurred in clan cultural landscape in Foshan from the Ming Dynasty to early Republic of China by the means of landscape reconstruction, map revisualization, spatial analysis and landscape analysis.The paper finds that:(1)most of the ancestral halls during the Song and Yuan Dynasties were concentrated along the shores of Datangchong , south of Foshan, which indicates that immigrants pouring into Foshan in the Song Dynasty were usually settled down at first in the southern part;(2)ancestral halls in Foshan in the Ming Dynasty increased quickly in number and displayed a south-to-centre tendency in the expansion of gathering space, which resulted in the primary spatial patterns of the ancestral hall landscape, with Jinlan, Dongtou, Shanxia Pu in the south and Zumiao, Huangsan Pu in the centre;(3)since the Qing Dynasty, there has seen little change in the general spatial patterns of the ancestral hall landscape, though cracks from the inside of eight Tu aboriginal clans sped up the expansion of the ancestral hall landscape of the aboriginal clans in space;the phenomenon of the spatial complementation and alternation in the ancestral hall landscape of the aborigines and of the immigrants illustrates that with the entrance of a large number of immigrants, the traditional blood tie space was broken and geographical and business related factors were more emphasized, which just coped with the macro-tendency of urbanization in Foshan.