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  • 2010 Volume 30 Issue 4
    Published: 20 July 2010
      

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  • ZHANG Xu-liang, NING Yue-min
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    The Chinese total regional economic difference may attribute to the development differences of special economic fields, which must be worthy of deeply studying for coordinate the development of regional economic in China. Related statistical data were used from 2000 to 2009, such as Statistical Yearbook of China Commodity Market and China Statistical Yearbook, and some classic research methods of different disciplines were also integrated for analysis the underlying factors, such as index of coefficient of variation,location quotient and Moran I and so on. The paper analyzed the spatial and temporal difference of Chinese commodity trading market (CTM) from the two different perspectives of the entire country and provinces. The results showed as follows: the firstly, the total relative difference of CTM in China increased before 2005, and then declined. However, total relative difference of CTM in China is trending to increase. Secondly, the spatial distribution of provinces regions has presented a characteristic of "HU Huan-yong line", which has a feeble development route of CTM than other regions in China. There are three major formation factors of dynamic mechanisms of causing the difference of spatial distribution about CTM in China. The first core elements include economic factor, institutional factors and location and foreign trade factors. The second major elements include history civilization factor and spatial interaction factor. The third secondary factors include industry and market interacting factor and market type factor.
  • ZHANG Bing, HU Hua-qing, ZHANG Li, ZHONG Shan
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    The relationship between air cargo transportation development and the spatial structure in urban system is an important research field in air transportation. Based on the data of the airport cargo transportation and the airline network from 1980 to 2008, the air cargo spatial pattern is illustrated. Due to the improvement in aviation service and the expansion of air transport network, the linkages between domestic cities were gradually enhanced. According to the research, the air cargo flow was changing the spatial interaction. First, the air cargo flow attenuated with the inter-city distance. About 85% of the domestic air cargo flow took place between the cities where the inter-city distance ranged from 1000 km to 2000 km. Second, the "Hub-and-Spoke" network was found shaped basically. In the domestic cargo network, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai were the three large national hubs, and Kunming, Chongqing and Urumqi were three large local hubs. Last, the mega cities controlled the air cargo network, which made the cargo flow agglomerate into a few cities. Therefore it is important to design airline network as a "Hub-and-Spoke" structure, which should conform to the social and economic development of the regions. The hubs should be located in the central and west China, and the linkages should be strengthened between the west air cargo hub and the west medium and small airports. A rational air cargo transport network should be adapted to the city system in China as well to guide the local economy’s continuous growth in both quantity and quality.
  • HE Shen-jing, LIU Yu-ting
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    Based on a review of the mutation of gentrification in the west, this paper examines the mechanism and consequences of China’s emerging gentrification under the background of market transition. Prawing on a detailed anlaysis of China’s political economic transformation in the post-reform era, this study shows that strong state intervention plays an important role in promoting China’s gentrification. This can be seen from three aspects. First, the state stimulates and accommodates the consumption demands of the emerging middle class through launching land and housing reforms. Second, to create optimal conditions for capital circulation, the state makes policy interventions and invests heavily in environment beautification and infrastructure construction. Third, the state mobilizes the most important resources, e.g. land and resettlement housing, to tackle the problem of fragmented property rights and to facilitate gentrification. Under market transition, China’s gentrification resembles its western counterparts, and shows two distinctive characteristics: the state plays a predominant role throughout the gentrification process; the social interests of low-income groups have been overwhelmed by the economic interests of local government and real estate developers. This particular form of state-sponsored gentrification in China is motivated by the pursuit of economic growth and urban development, at the cost of large-scale residential displacement. At the end of this paper, the authors elaborate the negative effects of gentrification in Chinese cities, and discuss possible solutions to overcome these adverse consequences.
  • LI Jia-ming, SUN Tie-shan, LI Guo-ping
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    Appropriate territorial division of labor established around core cities is the key for integrating function, operating harmoniously and promoting the advantage of stronger interaction between neighboring cities. Complementary urban functions among cities within the metropolitan region are regarded as the basis to such a well-operated division system. In this paper, the correspondence analysis is used to gain some graphs and a single statistic (this statistic is called total inertial which can reflect the complementarity of urban functions) to analyze the differentiation and change of urban functions. The study investigates the features and patterns of the territorial division of labor in three major metropolitan regions of China, as well as their changes over time from 1997 to 2007, through these graphs and statistical data. The functional complementarity among cities of China’s three major metropolitan regions is also analyzed. The results show that the generalized functions of the three metropolitan regions are service functions which were differentiating, and high-end service functions were becoming specialized and concentrated into central cities over time. Manufacturing functions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangzi River Delta region were becoming specialized. By contrast, these functions were generalized. At the same time, Changes in manufacturing functions in each metropolitan region are different, reflected by different spatial trends of manufacturing redistributions too. Different patterns of the territorial division of labor in each metropolitan region are found. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Pearl River Delta region are characterized by the two-center pattern, while the Yangzi River Delta region is characterized by the monocentric pattern. The analysis of the total inertia of core cities shows that the potential complementarity of urban functions among cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the best in three major metropolitan regions of China. However, such advantages are not fully taken mainly due to huge industry gap and the lack of a well-functioned regional coordination system.
  • ZHAO Zhi-Ling, LUO Xiao-Long
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    In the age of economic globalization, local governments have engaged in building their urban-regional competitiveness by making spatial planning. Based on the theoritcal framework of regional planning and regional competitiveness building, these paper appraisals and reviews the regional policy of development along Yangtze River in Jiangsu. It proposes that the Jiangsu Provincial Plan for development along Yangtze River is a project of constructing regional competitiveness. In addition, related policies are of vital importance to implement regional planning. For 6-year development, there has been marked progress in social and economic development, infrastructure and living environment in the area along Yangtze River. However, some new problems, such as disordered development, mechanism and mode, have arisen. It is needed to enhance regional competitiveness by means of improving plans, accelerating renovation, and so on.
  • WANG Chun-bin, Hokao Kazunori
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    Developing the metro as the backbone of urban public transport system, can guide the spatial restructuring of urban population and improve the urban structural pattern. Based on the population statistical data of Fukuoka city during 1980 to 2007, the paper uses quantitative methods to analyze the relationship between the development of metro system and the changing pattern of urban population distribution. First, the analysis of shift routes of urban population gravity indicates that different development order of metro projects has a significant impact on urban population distribution. Specifically, the population gravity considerably shifted during the five years that Kuko line and Hakozaki line were under construction, and it experienced another round of dramatic shift in the following five years after the two lines opened. Second, the shift-share analysis of population illustrates the dispersion trend of urban population resembles centrifugation process of urban development. Since the first metro line opened in 1981, the urban population rapidly diffused from traditional central district (Hakata district and Chuo district) to suburban areas including western district and eastern district. Third, the Gini coefficient and Concentration index of areas along three metro lines show that the coverage areas of different metro lines considerably influence the population even degree in the areas. In conclusion, the changing pattern of population distribution in Fukuoka is fundamentally influenced by the critical time, coverage areas, and the development order of metro system.
  • JIANG Hai-ning, GU Ren-xu, LU Yu-qi, JIN Cheng
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    There have been seven civil airports distributed in Nanjing, Wuxi, Changzhou, Nantong, Xuzhou and Lianyungang in Jiangsu Province, which was called "'7’civil airport" layout.With the rapid development of transport capacity, the scale and quantity of civil airports is being improved. Based on this background, construction of two new civil airports in Huaian and Yangzhou, both of which located in Jiangsu Province had been carried out. Therefore, the layout of "‘7+2’civil airport "would be come into being in Jiangsu Province. In order to make a quantitative study about civil airports and service capability in Jiangsu Province, this paper firstly mainly used the Spatial analyst module functions of AarGIS to do a empirical research about accessibility of civil airport in Jiangsu Province based on the highway network structure and calculations of optimal road routes and time to civil airports of Jiangsu Province, which generated accessibility diffusion graph and service area map before and after the formation of the "‘7+2’civil airport". Then a comparison and analysis of the graph and chart was made and analyzed, and the result showed that the overall accessibility of existing civil airports in Jiangsu Province was fairly good basically. However, as to the regional distribution, the accessibility diffusion graph took on a laver structure taking civil airports as the center. Currently the accessibility time of 88.5% of Jiangsu Province area was within 1.5 h, but the internal difference was also obvious. The accessibility of civil airports in southern Jiangsu was much better, while it was still much worse in the inland area of northern Jiangsu, because there was no civil airport. The size of service area of civil airport in Jiangsu Province was large in the north and small in the south. When the layout of "‘7+2’ civil airport" were formed, it would greatly improve the accessibility of civil airport in the inland area of north Jiangsu, and the size of service areas was reduced with different degree, and the proportion of better accessibility area was higher obviously, while the proportion of worse accessibility area tended to go down. And then,an approximate calculation about the potential service capability of civil airports which were classified as three grades was made combined with some related factors, such as population, GDP, per capita GDP, per capita disposable income and civil airport grade. The service capability of Nanjing civil airport which belonged to the first class had absolute priority in the layout of "‘7+2’ civil airport "in Jiangsu Province, and the civil airports of Wuxi,Changzhou and Xuzhou belonged to the second class, and the rest of civil airports belonged to the third class. Finally, the problems and shortage existing in the civil airports in the different grades combined with economy and accessibility were analyzed, and some corresponding optimization measures were brought forward. Furthermore, it would provide theoretical basis for the distribution, efficiency improvement and balanced development of civil airport, which would have great theoretical and practical significance.
  • CHEN Xi, ZHAI Guo-fang
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    As a new development of information technology in recent years, the "internet of things" has received worldwide concern. This paper preliminarily discussed how the urban spatial structure would be influenced by the development of "internet of things". "Internet of things" will strengthen both the trends of gathering and spreading in the further. This can lead to an urban spatial structure of non-equilibrium situation, with both trends developing. It will also weaken urban functional division, and strengthen urban internal and inter-regional integration. At the regional level, the pattern of the urban system will gradually move toward the flat network system from hierarchy under the influence of "internet of things". And the new polarization will promote a new space structure of "core-periphery". Above all the theories, this paper took Changchun as an example and discussed the influences of "internet of things" on Changchun’s urban spatial structure from three aspects: the internal urban spatial structure, the external urban spatial structure, and the development of the city.
  • ZHANG Jin-zong, LIANG Jin-she, ZHU Yu-xin
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    After the evaluation of economic development, the paper analyzed the characters of the counties’ economic division in Xinjiang. The spatial distribution of economic development level of Xinjiang in 2006 is unbalanced and it forms a high level area which circled Urumqi City and stretches to Changji Autonomous Prefecture, Shihezi City, the east part of Ili Prefecture, the north part of Altay Administrative Offices, along the south and east to the parts of Turpan Administrative Offices and Hami Administrative Offices. It also forms a low level area which circled Hotan Administrative Offices and stretches north-ward’s to Kashgar Administrative Offices and Aksu Administrative Offices. The spatial distribution of economic development level of Xinjiang formed one core zone, two circle zones and one remote zone. The core zone includes Urumqi City, Changji City and Shihezi City. The inner circle is near to the core zone and the outer circle is near to the inner circle. The numerical values of per Capita GDP decrease from the core zone to the remote zone. Most of the developed counties are distributed in north part of Xinjiang, the level of economic development of inner Xinjiang is higher than the outer Xinjiang, the level of economic development of North Xinjiang is higher than the South Xinjiang, and the status of Xinjiang county’s economic is characterized by unbalanced growth, by the difference between inner and outer, between North and South. There is widely difference between Han nationality and Minority too. There also is widely difference in nationalities of Minority. Manchu, Russion, Hui, Tatar are the highest level group of Minority; Kirgiz, Uygur, Tajik are the lowest level group of Minority; Xibo, Uzbek, Mongo, Daur, Kazak are the middle level group of Minority. The main residence of every nationality is different from others and most of Minority residential area distribute in remote frontier. So, the counties’ economic division includes spatial division, nationality division, and the two divisions formed the nationality economic spatial division. Today’s nationality economic spatial division is the result from a cautious decision which was compelled after a long period nation safety. The difference of investment in the fixed assets, difference of employment Proportion, occupation structure difference and the distribution difference in different nationalities lead the nationality economic spatial division. To harmonize the nationality economic spatial distribution, it must increase investment in the fixed assets in under-developing areas, and to harmonize the economic development and employment increase. Make hard to develop education and to train rural able-bodied persons; to decrease growth rate of numerous national minorities’ population and to improve their quality. While these things are done, all nationalities an all counties in Xinjiang can coordinate together and it’s helpful for nation’s stabilization and development.
  • CHEN Zhi-gang, BAO Ji-gang
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    Based on the analysis of remotely sensed photographs taken at three different points in time: 5th Feb., 1993, 5th Jan., 1999, and 5th Nov., 2005, this study measured the dynamic changes of land uses and its determining mechanism in Yangshuo County. The findings are as follows. ① Among all land use types, urban construction land had undergone the most dramatic change since 1993. The further development of tourism industry need more related infrastructure and, as a result, more land supply, which had to come from former forest land and agricultural land. ② Different stages are readily observable in the land use change process, with 1999 as the tipping point. Before1999, the development had been characterized by urban sprawl under a noninterventionist traditional economy; after that, it has been characterized by an enclave-type of expansion propelled by the tourism industry. Tourism land use had been increasing at the expense of agricultural land and forest land. ③Because the majority of the land area of Yangshuo County is a constituent part of the Guilin-Lijiang National Scenic Area, there is no much room for Yangshuo County to increase the supply of land for construction according to relevant state laws and regulations. Thus its construction land expands at a slow pace. The article concludes that it is essential to establish a system of indices for the classification of tourist land uses, which can then serve as a foundation for assessing the impacts of tourism on land use.
  • LU Chun-yang, YANG Qing-yuan, WEN Feng
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    Using the methods of Cointegration test and Granger causality test, this paper analyses the relationship between urbanization and urban land use structure—taking Chongqing as an example.The results showed :①The temporal variables of urbanization,residential proportion、industrial proportion、commercial service proportion and green space proportion are non-balanced,but the second order difference of these indices are balanced;②Cointegration relationship exists between urbanization and residential proportion、industrial proportion、commercial service proportion and green space proportion;③Urbanization is the cause of Granger causality of residential proportion and green space proportion; ④Industrial proportion is the cause of Granger causality of urbanization and there isn’t Granger causality between urbanization and commercial service proportion.
  • LIU Xi-lin, CHEN Yi-juan
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    Taking 60 counties and districts of west Sichuan as the basic assessment units, under the international outline of risk assessment for natural hazards, based on the existed assessment method of debris flow hazard and vulnerability, incorporated with the surroundings of study area, this paper alters 3 assessing factors of the original 8 factors, i.e. using the mean annual precipitation to replace the occurrence frequency of floods, substituting the regional relief for the percentage of slope land >25?, using the days of mean annual rainstorm with 50 mm to replace the days of mean annual rainfall with 25 mm. By collecting a number of data related natural, economic and population of the study area during recent 15 years, as well as the data processing and analyses with the mapping technique of ArcGIS 9.0, this paper has obtained respectively the zonation maps of debris flow hazard, vulnerability and risk. Studies indicate that there are totally 24 counties with high risk, accounting for 40% of the total, and occupied land area of 65 714 km2, accounting for 20.58% of the total. The moderate risk counties are 33 with land area of 241 747 km2, separately, counting for 55% and 75.71%. Obviously, the west of Sichuan is the vast area with moderate and high risk of debris flow, is also the main area for debris flow risk mitigation in Sichuan.
  • HU Kai-heng, YOU Yong, ZHUANG Jian-qi, CHEN Xiao-qing
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    Coseismic geologic hazards of the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake included a great amount of landslides, rockfalls and avalanches, but few debris flows. However, numerous mass movements such as landslides and avalanches are becoming a plentiful mass source for the formation of debris flows, and many debris-flow events have occurred widely since the earthquake, especially in the meizoseismal area. In this paper, debris-flow ravines at Subaohe and Weijiagou rivers in Beichuan’s Meizoseismal area, southwestern China are studied by field investigation, remote sensing image interpretation and historical data analysis. It is summarized that the formation of these debris flows in the study area can be mainly divided into three classes, viz. direct mobilization from landslide, erosion of unstable slope, and outburst of blocked flood. Other disasters such as flood, landslide, and avalanche were accompanied with the debris flows. The distribution of grains in the debris deposits concentrates on sand, cobble and boulder. The events were closely synchronous because they were triggered by the rainstorms on September, 23~24, and the locations of the ravines show some kind of space symmetry. Another notable feature is that the magnitude of debris flows is large even for those ravines with small catchment area. Finally, four countermeasures mitigating debris flows are proposed against the debris-flow hazards, which can be practically applied to debris-flow prevention.
  • FANG Xiu-qi, ZHANG Xue-zhen, DAI Yu-juan, LI Bei-bei, HOU Guang-liang
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    Based on the instrumental temperature data from 160 stations in China mainland and 9 stations in the Mongolia Cold Wave (MCW) key area, this papaer analyzed the regionalization of winter temperature change in China mainland during 1951-2005, using the statistical methods including cluster analysis, correlate analysis and Mann-Kendall test. It is found that China mainland could be divided into 5 regions consisting of 11 subregions and the spatial pattern was featured by consisting with spatial pattern of macro landforms over China. And 10 of the 11 subregions, excepting for the Sichuan-Guizhou subregion, had statistically significant warming trend during 1951-2005. From the north to the south, the abrupt warming year started gradually later. The North abruptly warmed since the 1970s, while the middle since the 1980s and the south since the 1990s. Besides, the warming rates were gradually slower from the north to the south with the maximum of 0.53℃/10yr in the north and minimum of 0.15℃/10yr in the south. In addition, 146 of 160 stations in China mainland were significantly positively correlated with the temperature change of the MCW key area. The spatial distribution of the correlation coefficients is consistent with the spatial pattern of regional differences of temperate change. This consistency suggests that regional differences of temperate change are strongly impacted by the spatial heterogeneity of MCW’s effects on regional temperature through the interaction of both the winter monsoon circulation and the macro surface landform. They are dominant factors inducing regional differences of winter temperature change in China mainland.
  • DAI Zhi-jun, LI Jiu-fa, ZHAO Jun-kai, JIANG Chen-juan, ZHANG Xiao-ling
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    Lakes are important water supplies to the discharge of the mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River (MLRCR), which take vital function of adjuster in maintaining constant runoff of the mainstream in the Changjiang River. Based on the measured hydrological data, during 1978 extreme drought year and 2000-2006, of the gauge stations including Yichang, Datong, Hukou and Chenglingji, the change of runoff along the MLRCR and water adjustment processes among of river, lake and reservoir in response to abnormal historical record of the 2006 extreme drought year were analyzed. The results showed that it could be characterized as "no flood in the flood season, no drought in the dry year" for the changes of runoff along the MLRCR. During the period of 2006 year, there was usual water flux in the dry season along the MLRCR in comparison with those of normal years, and the water flux in the flood season was only 60%-70% of normal years. "No flood in the flood season" results from rapid decreases in runoff of the upper reaches of the Changjiang River. In addition, it was benefit to the increased water flux to some degree in the MLRCR due to the adjustment of the Three Gorge Reservoir. However, supplies and adjusted function from Dongting and Poyang lakes resulted from constraint effects by obvious decrease in water level in the stream was an important part to the MLRCR in maintaining the runoff characteristics of "no drought in dry season".
  • HAN Zhi-yuan, TIAN Xiang-ping, OU Su-ying
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    Modaomen estuary is one of the main outlets of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River. Since the 1980s, large-scale human activities such as riverbed sand dredging and estuary regulation, had lead to some changes of channel topography and hydrodynamic. Based on field data such as topographic data and water data from different years, this paper provide some primarily conclusions as follows: (1)large-scale sand dredging at Modaomen waterway resulted in riverbed deepening and channels volume increasing. Due to estuary regulation, the shallow sea at Modaomen estuary turned into two waterways regulated by artificial banks. As a result, water area and channel volume were reduced. Riverbed of the waterway became deepening. (2) During dry season in recent years, Topographic change in Modaomen waterway lead to tidal dynamic enhancing apparently at Zhuyin station, the upper reaches of Modaomem estuary, with low water level dropping, tidal range increasing and tidal influx increasing. As well, at Dahengqin station, near the outlet of Modaomen estuary, water level rise with tidal assembly and tidal range decreasing. Phase difference between Dahengqin and Zhuyin reduced, and tidal wave propagation velocity increased with saline water intruding frequently.
  • LI Zong-xing, HE Yuan-qing, ZHANG Ning-ning, HE Xian-zhong, ZHANG Wei, CHAO Wei-hong
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    The mean concentrations of SO2, NOx and TSP are 0.018 mg/m3, 0.013 mg/m3 and 0.112 mg/m3 during 1990-2003 in Lijiang City. The average pH value is 6.08 during 1989-2006, which is lower than the standard of acid rain. The average EC value is 6.08 during 1989-2006, and the increase of EC value accelerated in 1998. The average concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+ are 1.57 mg/L, 0.16 mg/L, 0.41 mg/L, 0.20 mg/L, 1.14 mg/L, 0.09 mg/L, 0.06 mg/L and 0.13 mg/L in Lijiang City. The mean concentrations of SO2, NOx and TSP in Lijiang City are lower than those in many cities of China because of the successful transformation of the industrial structure from conventional industries to tourism, characteristically bringing higher economic benefit and less environmental pollution. The variations of SO2 and NOx between 1990 and 2003 reflected this change. Concentrations of anions and cations are out of balance: the mean total anion concentration exceeds the mean total cation concentration. TSP concentrations have been low because Lijiang City is far from the source region of wind-borne sand. A slow increasing trend of pH values between 1990 and 2002 reflected the decline or relocation of primary manufacturing industries, a source of air pollution, as the tourist trade developed rapidly. A decrease of pH values from 2003 probably was a consequence of the sharp increase of coal-burning heating plants and motor vehicles needed to meet the requirements of tourism. Increases of EC and total cation concentrations have accelerated since 1998 as precipitation has decreased. The data from Lijiang City demonstrate the necessity of developing tertiary industry and promoting a better industrial structure in order to improve the quality of the urban atmosphere and to control air pollution in China's cities.
  • OU Wei-xin, SUN Xiao-xiang, GONG Jia-ying, YE Li-fang
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    Scenario research method, as an assistant decision-making instrument, is often used in practice for coordinating conservation and development, and also for regional and environmental management and planning on the goal of sustainable development. This opinion was also proved by the applications of scenario analysis method on land use, landscape, wetland, etc. The Yancheng coastal wetland, where the wetland ecological and biodiversity conservation are of global significance, and the conflict between wetland conservation and development is of prominent, was taken as a case study. In this paper, with comprehensively considering the landscape suitability, the evolution character of wetland development and conservation, the qualification of wetland development for agriculture, the request for wetland protection, and the habitat change way helping for conservation,the scenario analysis method of "bottom up", and Landscape Suitability Evaluation Model, and GIS & RS technique were employed to design and model three scenarios (conservation scenario, agricultural development scenario and balance mode scenario) for the wetland development and conservation of Yancheng coastal wetland. How to assess and compare the scenario schemes of coordinating conservation and development purpose for wetland resources use, was discussed in the case study by the method and indicators of the cost benefit analysis (CBA), ecological-economic value, willingness to pay for wetland conservation(WTP) and willingness to accept for wetland development(WTA). And the results proved that the conservation scenario was the optimal choice when considering the net-benefit factor, but it only achieved the protection objectives; the balance scenario was the optimal choice when considering factors of WTP & WTA, which was better to achieve the both sides of protection and development. It’s implied that a suitable scheme for balancing the wetland conservation and development will be possible by the scenario analysis method. And the scenario method can provide an alternative approach and pathway for wetland wise use and ecological-environmental protection.
  • YANG Zhen-shan, CAI Jian-ming, WEN Hui
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    Rapid urbanization, especially the speed and scale of the current Chinese urbanization, requires detailed understanding of spatial characteristics of the changing of urban landscape. This has a significant implication for rational and effective urban land use. The purpose of this paper is to derive the information of the landscape change during the spatial expansion of Zhengzhou City during 2001-2007. We detected the change of land cover avail of the remote sensed imageries of Landsat7 ETM and Spot 4. Further, we calculated the landscape matrices of mean patch size, landscape shape index, landscape fragment index, and contiguity index to measure the size of land plots, compactness of the developing, shape and connectivity respectively. In order to show the heterogeneous character of the spatial expansion, the gradient analysis was conducted in the range of 20 km radius centered the place nearby the city center, Erqi Square. The change of detection of land cover illustrated that, during that period, urban land use increased 70.6 km2 at the average annual rate of 4%, and the east, northeast and southeast were the main urban land use directions of urban expansion. The speed of expanding of the east part was nearly as two times as that of west part. The landscape matrix analysis showed that the size of land parcels increased in general, yet with a great variation. Generally, the change of landscape and urban expansion are correlated. The areas with economic-spatial driver such as the Zhengdong Xinqu and Economic Zone become a lead in the urban expansion. In the process, the size of plots and connectivity increase. Within the 10 km radius to the center, the urban land of the city became more compact, especially in the rapid urbanizing directions. But beyond that distance, the developmental pattern could be compact or loose. By comparing, landscape is slightly changed along the corridor with less economic drivers. These results call for particular attentions of planners to optimizing urban spatial structure.
  • CHEN Xia, WEI Wen-shou, LIU Ming-zhe
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    Based on the meteorologic data during last 50 years, this paper analyzes the characteristics of climate change in the altitudinal belts with linear tendency rate, Mann-Kendall and Wavelet of Mexican Hat. The results indicate that annual temperature increased significantly in the low mountain zone with the tendency rate of 0.554℃/10yr, contributed by winter warming, differing from middle mountain zone and alpine zone which were dominated by autumn warming. Besides amplitude of annual temperature departures changed most significantly in the 21th century in middle mountain zone, in other zones the annual temperature fluctuated greatest in the 1990s. Response of annual temperature jump transition in the lower zones is earlier than the middle mountain and alpine zone in the generational scale (2 yr), whereas alpine zone responded earliest in the decadal scale (16-23 yr). Annual precipitation in the alpine zone increased the most at a tendency rate of 20.8 mm/10 yr, attributed to summer rainfall. Amplitude of annual precipitation departures fluctuated greatest in the 1980s in other zones except the alpine zone, the highest amplitude of which was in the 1990s. Response to the annual precipitation jump transition was lagged with the increase of altitude.
  • LI Zhi-zhong, LING Zhi-yong, CHEN Xiu-ling, WANG Shao-pu, CAO Xiang-dong
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    This paper discussed the climatic significance of grain-size parameters such as Mz, σ1, SK1, Kg, D/SC, the coarse fraction(>63μm) and the clay fraction (<2μm) of 72 samples, which collected from Kekdala section (TKP) in the heart of Takelmukul desert in Yili Valley, Xinjiang. Based on parameters and OSL date data of TKP, five climate evolution stages can be divided since the late Holocene. First stage, from 3.71 kyr BP to 3.06 kyr BP, wind changed from strong to weak, and climate changed from warm-dry to cool-wet. Second stage, from 3.06 kyr BP to 2.78 kyr BP, the grain-size was very coarse, wind was very strong and the climate was warm and dry. Third stage, from 2.78 kyr BP to 2.10 kyr BP, wind was weak, vague soil formed, the climate was wet and little fluctuation. Fourth stage, from 2.10 kyr BP to 0.5 kyr BP, climate was wet, wind was strong-weak alternation and changed frequently in earlier stage; then the wind became weak and climate was cold-wet, and pedogenesis was strong. Last stage, from 0.50 kyr BP to today, the climate was relatively wet as a whole, but wind became stronger and climate was warm-dry in the latest 100 yr. The climate change agreed well with that of global change. Since the late Holocene, due to climatic change of north Atlantic in high latitude, the climate change model of Takelmukul desert has typical westerly characteristics.
  • SUN Qin-qin, WU Zhi-feng, TAN Jian-jun
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    The distribution and evolution of urban thermal environment are influenced by urban development. In this study, the concept of "thermal centroid" was given to describe the distribution of urban thermal environment in Guangzhou, and three indices about it were created, including thermal diversion distance, thermal diversion direction as well as thermal diversion contribution. It was showed that, the high-temperature thermal centroid transferred to the south of Guanghzou from 1990 to 2005. During 1990-2000, Panyu District made the greatest negative contribution to the transfer, but the positive contribution was made by Panyu District during 2000-2005.
  • WEN Xiao-le, XU Han-qiu
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    The models for estimating suspended sediment concentration (SSC) of the lower Minjiang River have been established and applied to reveal the SSC distribution and dynamics of the river from 2001 to 2006. It has been found that the expansion model of the city, which was planned to expand eastward and southward, has no significant impact on the SSC of the lower Minjiang River. The increase in SSC has only been found in the river portion between Kuaian and Mawei. In general, the area of increased SSC accounts for only 9.44% of the study water area during the period. On the other hand, the area of constant SSC and decreed SSC adds up to 90.6%. These indicate that the water quality of the studied river portion was generally improved. The river passing through the main urban area of Fuzhou was not notably affected by the urban expansion. The decline of the water quality between Kuaian and Mawei was due largely to intense soil erosion caused by the building up of several new industrial estates by the river shore areas.
  • HUANG Hua-fang, LI Zhi-guang, WANG Jian, XU Qinghai
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    A paleoanthropological site was discovered in the Shuilian cave which is behind the Jiutianmuyu waterfall of Huhushui ecological spot, Southwest Pingshan County, Hebei Province. A lot of animal bone fossils and stone implements were dug out in ash layers which were the vestiges of the ancients. Study on geological-geomorphological evolution, fossils, stones and pollen analysis indicated roughlly that the ancients were lived in the period of the late Palaeolithic Age about 30 kyr B.P. probably. Pollen analysis reflected further that the climate was mildness in the period of the ancients living. The investigation in and around the cave showed that Shuilian cave was formed in tectonic quiet periods during the Middle and Late Pleistocene, which provided a good place for ancients to exist and live in. It was probably that the ancients lived in this area from the late Pleistocene and migrated to other place while the caves broken during the early Holocene.
  • WANG Dan
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    Based on an analysis on SCI and SSCI journals, 62 journals related to Human Geography is found, including 4 SCI journals and 60 SSCI journals, 2 journals that are indexed both by SCI and SSCI. Features of 4 SCI journals are then introduced and 60 SSCI journals are classified into 9 categories. Journals with high impact factor and those that have accepted more Chinese authors’ papers are especially listed where the content, emphasis, impact factor are described. Summarization is made regarding the status of Chinese human geographers publishing SCI, SSCI papers. The reasons why small quantity of Chinese human geography papers were published in SCI and SSCI journals are over-emphasizing SCI and neglecting SSCI, few Chinese journals indexed by SSCI, and lack of knowledge on SSCI journals. Finally 4 pieces of suggestion are put forward on paper writing and submission.