The Evolutionary Pattern and Contributing Factor of Administrative Division Adjustment in Northeast China Since 1949
Received date: 2018-10-16
Request revised date: 2019-02-14
Online published: 2019-04-10
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41701150), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M611297)
Copyright
The Northeast is a complete and independent geographical and cultural region in northern China. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China(1949), the administrative division pattern in Northeast China has changed a lot. The administrative division adjustment is mainly divided into the following five stages: In 1949-1955, the provincial-level administrative districts were adjusted frequently. In 1955-1969, the provincial-level administrative district was stable, the prefecture level and county-level administrative districts were frequently split and merged. In 1969-1979, the eastern region of Inner Mongolia was allocated to the three provinces (Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang) of Northeast China; In 1979-1996, the prefecture-level and county-level administrative districts were adjusted frequently. Many counties changed to cities and municipal districts. From 1997 to the present, this stage was relatively stable, administrative divisions were adjusted less. The counties and cities were mainly changed to municipal districts. Factors such as the level of economic development, traffic conditions, history and culture, physical geography conditions, and policies or standards have had important impact on the pattern and adjustment of administrative divisions in the Northeast China. Finally, the article analyzes the main problems of the administrative divisions in Northeast China, and proposes the optimization path of administrative division adjustment. The authors put forward the following suggestions: At the provincial level, four prefecture-level cities in eastern Inner Mongolia will be built separately and named Xing'an Province. At the prefecture-level, the Jiagedaqi and Songling District will be placed under the Daxinganling Area, and chang the Daxinganling Area to a prefecture-level city. At the county level, the counties and the mega-towns with good development conditions will be changed to county-level cities for increasing the number of small cities. At the township level, continuing to promote the "township merger", and townships around the big city will be changed to street offices.
Key words: administrative division; optimization path; Northeast China
Zhu Jianhua , Xiu Chunliang . The Evolutionary Pattern and Contributing Factor of Administrative Division Adjustment in Northeast China Since 1949[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2019 , 39(4) : 606 -615 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.04.010
Table 1 The provincial level administrative division adjustment in Northeast China after 1949表1 1949年后东北地区省级政区的行政区划调整 |
| 年份 | 省级行政区划调整内容 |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 旅大行署区改设为旅大直辖市 |
| 1952 | 辽西省将山海关市划归河北省 |
| 1953 | 长春、哈尔滨两市升格为直辖市 |
| 1954 | 撤销东北大区行政机构;将辽东、辽西二省合并设立辽宁省,并将沈阳、旅大、鞍山、抚顺、本溪5市并入辽宁省;辽西省的四平地区划归吉林省,辽东省的辽源、通化、白山地区划归吉林省,撤销长春直辖市并将其划归吉林省;撤销松江省、黑龙江省,成立新的黑龙江省,白城地区由黑龙江省划归吉林省;撤销哈尔滨直辖市,划归黑龙江省;撤销绥远省,并入内蒙古自治区 |
| 1955 | 撤销热河省,朝阳等6县旗划归辽宁省,赤峰等6县旗划归内蒙古自治区昭乌达盟,承德等县市划归河北省 |
| 1969 | 内蒙古自治区昭乌达盟划归辽宁省;哲里木盟和突泉县、科尔沁右翼前旗划归吉林省;呼伦贝尔盟(不含突泉县和科尔沁右翼前旗)划归黑龙江省 |
| 1979 | 昭乌达盟、哲里木盟和呼伦贝尔盟(管辖范围包括今天的兴安盟)又重新划归内蒙古自治区 |
Fig.1 The evolution pattern of the provincial administrative regions in Northeast China (1949-1979)图1 东北地区省级政区的演变格局(1949~1979年) |
Table 2 The main types of the adjustment of the prefecture level administrative regions in Northeast China表2 东北地区地级政区调整的主要类型 |
| 类型 | 数量 | 典型案例 |
|---|---|---|
| 地区改市 | 12 | 1996年绥化地区改为绥化市;2001年呼伦贝尔盟改市 |
| 县级升地级 | 25 | 1956年鸡西县升格为地级市;1983年七台河市升格为地级市 |
| 管辖范围调整 | 50 | 1982~1993年牡丹江市先后将鸡东、密山、虎林3县划归鸡西市 |
| 地区拆分 | 16 | 1980年从呼伦贝尔盟分设兴安盟 |
| 地区和地级市合并 | 8 | 1996年哈尔滨市和松花江地区合并 |
Fig.2 The evolution pattern of prefecture-level administrative regions in Northeast China (1949-2001)图2 东北地区地级政区的演变格局(1949~2001年) |
Table 3 The main types of the adjustment of the county level administrative regions in Northeast China表3 东北地区县级政区调整的主要类型 |
| 类型 | 数量 (个) | 典型案例 |
|---|---|---|
| 县区拆分 | 66 | 1975年东宁县拆分出绥芬河市 |
| 县区合并 | 41 | 1958年开通、瞻榆二县合并为通榆县 |
| 县区管辖范围 调整 | 19 | 1995年长春市5个市辖区进行了结构性调整 |
| 整县改市 | 63 | 2016年抚远县改市 |
| 县(市)改区 | 34 | 2016年沈阳辽中县改区 |
| 县改自治县 | 17 | 1989年本溪县改为本溪满族自治县 |
Fig.3 Evolution pattern of county-level administrative regions in Northeast China (1949-2017)图3 东北地区县级政区的演变格局(1949~2017年) |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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