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The Impact of Climate Change on Grain Supply and Demand Balance in Tibet in the Future Ding Rui, Shi Wenjiao, Lyu Changhe, Lu Hongwei, Deng Xiangzheng, Shao Jing’an, Cui Jiaying SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (5): 772-781.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.05.003 Abstract （1529）   HTML （52）    PDF （3447KB）（237）       Knowledge map    Based on the combining forecasts, production function and the author’s previous work, this article evaluated the future grain supply and demand balance of Tibet at the county scale after considering the impact of climate change. The results show that: 1) The areas with high grain production in Tibet will be concentrated in the Yarlung Zangbo River, Nyangqu River and Lhasa River Region and other river valley areas. The areas with high grain demand will be mainly in counties and cities with larger populations. Increasing meat consumption in the future will consume more feed grain. 2) The grain supply and demand balance in Tibet will have obvious geographic differences between the north and the south. It will be relatively satisfying in the south, but will be relatively terrible in the north. 3) At current status, the gain self-sufficiency ratio of Tibet is 70.58%, failing to achieve an overall balance between grain supply and demand, and it will be 62.59% and 53.55% in 2030 and 2050. Although the total grain demand cannot be completely met in the future, it can still guarantee staple grain self-sufficiency. 4) Climate change will have a positive impact on the grain self-sufficiency. It is estimated that in 2030 and 2050, climate change will increase the self-sufficiency ratio by 2.45% and 2.09% in Tibet. This study can help clarify future food security status and develop the agricultural layout in Tibet, thus ensuring food security in this border area and promoting sustainable development of the plateau agriculture. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatially Divergent Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Source Markets of Tourism Destination: A Case Study of the Confucius Temple in Nanjing Liu Peixue, Wang Huanying, Chen Wei, Zhang Jianxin, Liu Zehua SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1250-1259.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.012 Abstract （857）   HTML （46）    PDF （1942KB）（230）       Knowledge map    COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted the domestic tourist source market demand in tourism destinations. Exploring the spatially differentiated characteristics and mechanisms of these impacts can provide insights into destination resilience's theoretical and practical implications. The study takes the Confucius Temple scenic area in Nanjing as the research case and analyzes the impact on its 309 domestic tourist source cities (at prefecture-level and above) under the major public health events. The study uses methods such as Geographic Concentration Index, Attractive Radius Index, and exploratory time-space data analysis to explore the spatio-temporal change in the tourist source market after the pandemic. We construct the Loss Index to quantitatively evaluate the impact, spatial difference, and the pattern of the pandemic on tourist source market demand with the bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. The results show that: 1) after the pandemic, the spatial clustering characteristics of the source market and the trend of proximity travel are more obvious; the degree of damage to the source demand is differentiated in space; the source market for medium- and long-distance tourist source market shows higher vulnerability. 2) The impact of the pandemic on the scale of the tourist source market is greater than the spatial pattern; the evolution of the spatial pattern of the tourist market in pre-and post- pandemic has strong consistency and positive spatial integration, with a stable local structure and a low probability of spatial-time transition. 3) There are obvious differences in spatial correlation characteristics between short-haul sources within 250 km and medium-haul sources within 900 km. This paper provides a more refined quantitative assessment of the extent of damage and its spatial differentiation across tourist source markets in the aftermath of the pandemic. This study further enriches the theoretical research results on the impact of crisis events on the source markets of neighborhood-based scenic destinations. Also, it guides destinations in developing recovery strategies for different source markets. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Build the Community of Life for Man and Nature Based on Life Practice: A Case Study of Xiawu Village in Tibet Sun Jiuxia, Wang Yuning, Pang Zhaoling SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (5): 751-760.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.05.001 Abstract （684）   HTML （54）    PDF （977KB）（279）       Knowledge map    The relationship between human and nature is a central topic of geography, and a major problem in the development of human society. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping clearly put forward the important thesis of ‘Human and Natural Life Community’. How to implement the public policy discourse into the concrete action practice depends on scholars’ empirical analysis on typical cases. The previous studies on the relationship between human and nature usually take individual or family as the analysis unit, discussing the interaction between the individual or family and the specific type of natural object. Relatively little works have been done dissecting how the relationship between human and nature in specific regions are constructed. Taking Xiawu Village in Tibet as a case study, field investigations were carried out for villagers and government workers based on qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews and participatory observation. This paper examines the relationship between local society and nature, and analyzes how to construct the community of life for human and nature from the perspective of daily life practice. The findings are as follows: 1) When Tibetan villagers interact with highland barley (Hordeum vulgare var. coeleste) and cattle, they connect with the latter through multiple life practice strategies, such as material, emotion, space and identity transformation. Through the practice of man’s naturalization, a representational community of life for human and nature is constructed. At this time, highland barley and cattle, as instrumental nature, are the physical representation of the villagers, narrating the daily life when human actors are absent. 2) When Tibetan villagers interact with Cordyceps and Macaca, they conn-ect with the latter by means of life practice strategies such as meaning, system, and space negotiation. Through the practice of humanization of nature, a linked community of life for human and nature is constructed. At this time, Cordyceps and Macaques, as objectified nature, were constructed by society, given social life, and gradually embedded in human’s daily life. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and Effects of Conservation Tillage in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Liang Aizhen, Zhang Yan, Chen Xuewen, Zhang Shixiu, Huang Dandan, Yang Xueming, Zhang Xiaoping, Li Xiujun, Tian Chunjie, McLaughlin Neil B, Xiang Yang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (8): 1325-1335.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.08.001 Abstract （646）   HTML （83）    PDF （2164KB）（422）       Knowledge map    The black soil region in Northeast China bears the great responsibility of food security of the nation. However, long-term intensive utilization and lack of soil fertility maintenance and improvement measures in region resulted in severe soil degradation, which greatly constrained the sustainable utilization of black soil resources. Conservation tillage is defined as any form of tillage that minimizes soil disturbance and at least 30% of the soil surface covered with residues to reduce soil erosion. It can promote the soil health and green farming, and then to strengthen the base of sustainable agriculture in Black soil region, which has been proved by theory and practice. This article summarizes the connotation of conservation tillage technology, its development status and technical overview in the black soil region of Northeast China. Currently, there are three major types of conservation tillage including no-tillage with residue covered, no-tillage with residue covered and wide-narrow row spacing, strip-tillage with residue covered. The ecological and economic benefits of this region from the implementation of conservation tillage were systematically evaluated, which include soil and water conservation, soil structure and soil fertility improvement, carbon sequestration, soil biodiversity increase and cost saving. Conservation tillage has the potential to prevent soil loss from wind and water erosion, increase soil organic matter, sequester carbon and reduce soil CO2 emission to mitigate the global warming; it also can improve soil structure, significantly increase soil biodiversity and functional redundancy. Conservation tillage has no significant impacts on crop yields, but under extreme weather events it has the ability to resist drought and flood for the stable or higher crop yield in Northeast China. The problems and future development directions regarding the implementation of conservation tillage in this region were discussed. It will be beneficial for black soil protection and utilization, and to promote high-quality and leap development of conservation tillage in Northeast China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Economic Resilience in the Yellow River Basin Li Liangang, Zhang Pingyu, Cheng Yu, Wang Chengxin SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (4): 557-567.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.04.001 Abstract （579）   HTML （53）    PDF （1696KB）（350）       Knowledge map    The economic resilience of the Yellow River Basin in response to external shocks is the key to achieving the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. We takes 91 cities in the Yellow River Basin as the research object and constructs an economic resilience index. The article analyzes the spatio-temporal characteristics of the economic resilience of the Yellow River Basin in the face of the 2008 international financial crisis, and explores its determinants. The results show that: 1) The resistance of the Yellow River Basin to the international financial crisis shows a significant decline over time, the economic resilience of the Yellow River Basin shows significant spatial agglomeration characteristics, and the economic resilience level of the south central part of the Yellow River Basin is relatively high; 2) There is a significant positive spatial autocorrelation in the economic resilience of the Yellow River Basin, which shows that cities with high (low) level of economic resilience are clustered in space, and the spatial autocorrelation index shows an upward trend; 3) Related variety, specialization, government control and the proportion of tertiary industry significantly promote the improvement of economic resilience in the Yellow River Basin, while the current economic development model is not conducive to the improvement of economic resilience; 4) The economic resilience of the Yellow River Basin has a significant spatial spillover effect, and the development of cities with high economic resilience level will promote the economic resilience of surrounding cities. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Different Factors Influencing the Hukou Transfer Intention of Rural-urban and Urban-urban Floating Population Tong De, Cao Zhiqiang, Cao Guangzhong SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1135-1145.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.001 Abstract （546）   HTML （77）    PDF （514KB）（388）       Knowledge map    Based on the national dynamic monitoring data of the floating population in 2017, using the binary logistic regression model and SUEST inspection, this paper makes an empirical study and further analysis of the influencing factors on the Hukou transfer intention of the rural-urban and urban-urban floating population and draws the following conclusions: 1) In general, the Hukou transfer intention of urban-urban floating population is significantly higher than that of the rural-urban floating population. The household register value and social assimilation have significant impacts on the Hukou transfer intention of the two types of floating population, but the degree of influence is different between the two. 2) In comparison, the household register value of the outflow place significantly hinders the Hukou transfer intention of rural-urban migrants, and has a weak influence on the Hukou transfer intention of urban-urban migrants. The household register value of the destination and social assimilation have a more significant impact on the Hukou transfer intention of urban-urban floating population. 3) The impact of household registration value and social assimilation on the floating population’s Hukou transfer intention is different in cities and the distance of migration. 4) The root cause of these differences are the differences in values and behavior patterns shaped by different household registration identities. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal Variation of Vegetation Cover and Its Relationship with Climatic Factors and Human Activities in the Southwest Tibetan Plateau Li Yan, Gong Jie, Dai Rui, Jin Tiantian SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (5): 761-771.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.05.002 Abstract （534）   HTML （74）    PDF （25883KB）（547）       Knowledge map    Exploring vegetation cover changes in alpine regions and their influencing factors has become one of the focal issues for scholars at home and abroad. Based on MODIS-NDVI data and meteorological data, this study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation NDVI in the Southwest Tibetan Plateau (SWTP) from 2000 to 2020 and the effects of climate change and human activities on vegetation NDVI by using trend analysis, correlation analysis and residual analysis. The results showed that NDVI in the SWTP has been increasing in the past 20 years. There are obvious differences in the growth rates of vegetation NDVI in different time periods mainly as follows: autumn > growing season > summer > whole year > spring > winter; although there are differences in the distribution pattern of vegetation NDVI in different time periods, the vegetation cover in the eastern part of the plateau is significantly higher than that in the western part. The vegetation status is basically stable in most areas of the plateau, with significant local improvement and degradation in some areas. On the interannual scale, the increase of temperature and precipitation led to the increase of vegetation NDVI, and on the seasonal scale, the increase of temperature in spring, autumn and winter led to the increase of vegetation NDVI, and the increase of precipitation leads to the decrease of vegetation NDVI, and the increase of temperature in summer and growing season led to the decrease of vegetation NDVI, and the increase of precipitation leads to the increase of vegetation NDVI. Human activities have a positive impact on most areas of the plateau, and a negative impact in some areas, concentrated in counties with semi-agricultural and semi-pastoralism and purely pastoralism. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determining Factors in Spatio-temporal Variation of the Tonle Sap Lake’s Surface Water Temperature Under Regional Climate Change Pan Meie, Yang Kun, Zou Tianle, Sun Run, Zhang Xihua, Zhang Yu SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (4): 739-750.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.04.019 Abstract （526）   HTML （39）    PDF （3692KB）（311）       Knowledge map    Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is an important factor affecting the aquatic ecosystem. This study aimed to reveal the influence of regional climate change on the surface water temperature of Tonle Sap Lake. For this purpose, based on the datasets of the Tonle Sap Lake’s daytime surface water temperature (LSWTday), near-surface atmospheric temperature (AT), solar radiation (SR), surface pressure (SP), total precipitation (TP), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), total cloud cover (TCC) and water level (WL) from 2001 to 2019, the temporal-spatial distribution and variation characteristics of LSWTday and climate factors were studied by trend analysis, stability analysis, persistence analysis and mutation analysis. Then, through correlation analysis, regression analysis and Z-score standardization method, the impact of climate factors on LSWTday was clarified. Results showed that: 1) At the time scale, the Tonle Sap Lake region climate was characterized by a significant increase in AT, WS and TCC, and a significant decrease in WL. The average warming rate of LSWTday was 0.372℃/10a, and showed a continuous warming trend. LSWTday had time consistency with the abrupt change point of climatic factors. At the spatial scale, the spatial distribution and change trend of LSWTday and climate factors had obvious spatial heterogeneity. Among them, except for the slight cooling trend in the western lake area, the LSWTday of other lake areas showed an obvious warming trend. Among climatic factors, the distribution of the rate of change of AT, SP, TP, TCC, and RH was roughly high values in the south and low values in the north, while the distribution of change rates of SR and WS was low in the south and high in the north. 2) In different time scales, the factors driving LSWTday change were different. On the average annual scale, LSWTday was mainly driven by AT, WS and WL. At the monthly mean scale, the change of AT was still the main driving factor of LSWTday. At the seasonal scale, the increase of TP, WL and TCC was the main reason for the cooling of LSWTday in spring and summer, RH was the main influencing factor for the fluctuation of LSWTday in autumn, and LSWTday was warming in winter along with the warming of AT. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Spatial Correlation and Its Paths of Shipbuilding Industry’s R&D Embedded in Global R&D Networks in Zhejiang Province Ma Renfeng, Hou Bo, Zhu Baoyu, Zhang Wenzhong, Li Qian, Wang Xi SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (6): 975-983.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.06.003 Abstract （435）   HTML （20）    PDF （883KB）（114）       Knowledge map    The analysis of the characteristics and location of regional high-tech manufacturing industry embedded in global R&D network is one of the frontiers and hot fields of economic geography research. Zhejiang Province, a region with developed shipbuilding industry in China, was taken as an example. Based on patent data and order data, UCINET6.0 and R programming language software were used to describe the geographical characteristics and spatial correlation of shipbuilding network in Zhejiang province, and to identify the technology network embedment of shipbuilding industry in global latecomer regions under the international R&D division. The results show that: 1) the research and development of shipbuilding in Zhejiang mainly focuses on B63B and B63H, and the shipbuilding technology network node mainly concentrates in Zhoushan. The main cooperation areas of shipbuilding research and development are Hangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing, Taizhou, Wenzhou and Ningbo, which are mainly the cities in Zhejiang province. 2) The analysis of order data shows that the status change of Zhejiang shipbuilding technology cooperation in the inter-provincial and international shipbuilding technology network. In 2015, domestic technical partners of Zhejiang were mainly Liaoning, Fujian and Taiwan. In 2018, Shanghai, Guangxi, Hainan and Tianjin were added, and the scope of domestic cooperation expanded and the frequency of cooperation increased. As for the international technical cooperation, the main cooperation partners changed from Italy, Denmark and other European countries in 2015 to Japan, South Korea and Singapore in 2018. 3) Zhejiang shows that there are no obvious advantages in the node of shipbuilding technology cooperation network in the Yangtze River Delta, whose cooperation products focus on the production and research of container ships and bulk carriers with low added value, mainly through the signing of technical cooperation agreements, simple supply and marketing, and the undertaking of maintenance or modification and upgrade orders. Furthermore, multi-scale spatial relation and geographical distance feature of path dependence of shipbuilding industry research and development was clarified in the process of global localization. And it’s suggested the shipbuilding industry in China should integrate national system diversity, market diversity and its own research and development cluster level of shipbuilding, breakthrough shipbuilding research and development value chain space lock from the near to the distant, form a cross-domain and multi-agent collaborative innovation roadmap. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial-temporal Variation of Drought in Sichuan and Chongqing From 1450 to 1949 Xu Bin, Mao Xufeng, Li Yongfei, Xie Xianjian, Bao Wen SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (4): 720-729.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.04.017 Abstract （425）   HTML （16）    PDF （5486KB）（173）       Knowledge map    To explore the characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of drought in Sichuan and Chongqing during 1450 to 1949, employed the wavelet tools of Matlab (Version 8.3) and ArcGIS (Version 10.2) software to analyze the counter data of drought . The results showed that: 1) Drought occurred in 312 years during 1450-1949 A.D, while accounting for 62.4%, once every 1.6 years. The frequency of drought was relatively high in the early period (1450-1650), decreased in the middle period (1650-1870), and increased significantly in the later period (1870-1949), with a cycle of 200, 100, 65, 30 and 10 years. 2) Severer drought was the most common, followed by general drought, and extreme drought was the least, accounting for 50.1%, 44.2% and 5.7%, respectively in 212 statistical units. 3) Spatially, drought was mainly localized, with 80.38% in 1-20 counties, and 56.01% in less than 5 counties. The frequency of drought increased significantly from west to east with obviously agglomeration effect. The drought was relatively light in the western Sichuan Plateau and the southwest Sichuan Mountains region, and severer in the middle reaches of Tuojiang River, the middle and lower reaches of the Jialing River and the both sides of the Yangtze River. More than 85% of the drought was concentrated in Sichuan Basin. 4) Natural factors such as solar activity, geographical location, landform, climate change and soil properties are the main causes of disasters, while human conditions such as population distribution, human production activities and the detailed records are also influencing factors. This result can provide reference for the study of historical climate and the prediction of environmental change in Southwest China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Trade-offs and Synergies Between Social Value and Ecological Value of Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of the Potatso National Park Ma Yuewei, Pan Jianfeng, Cai Siqing, Chen Yumei, Chen Yan SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1283-1294.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.015 Abstract （417）   HTML （19）    PDF （3831KB）（223）       Knowledge map    Based on the perspective of coupled social-ecological system, scientific measurement of ecosystem service trade offs and synergies plays a vital role in regional sustainable development, ecological security, and human well-being. In order to promote the sustainable development of ecosystem services in nature reserves and improve human well-being, taking Potatso National Park as the research area, this article measures the spatial characteristics of its social value (aesthetic value, cultural value, recreation value) and ecological value (habitat quality, carbon storage, water yield ) with the help of SolVES model and InVEST model. Then the spatial trade-off and synergy relationship between social value and ecological value of Potatso National Park is deeply analyzed using bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. The results show that: 1) The hotspots of social value exhibit a ‘multi-core and multi-strip’ spatial pattern, with an 8.6 of social value index (the index is between 1-10), and the closer it is to the water body, the greater its contribution to social value (the contribution is 45.9%). 2) Relatively high and high spatial range of ecological value accounts for half of the park area (49.91%), mainly located in Bitahai Lake area and Zano area in the northeast of Niru with well-preserved virgin forest. 3) There is a significant spatial dependence between social value and ecological value, among which the areas with low social value and high ecological value are the main spatial aggregation characteristics of the park. This study provides a scientific basis for sustainable management decision-making of ecosystem services and help to improve the theoretical framework of social-ecological system based on ecosystem services. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artistic Creation of Hominin on the Tibetan Plateau: Hand and Foot Traces Analysis of Middle Pleistocene Zhang D David, Wang Leibin, Matthew R Bennett, Zhang Shengda, Zhang Haiwei, Li Teng, Zhang Yue, Su Jiajia, Wang Xiaoqing SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (5): 782-790.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.05.004 Abstract （396）   HTML （17）    PDF （7030KB）（65）       Knowledge map    A new ‘parietal art’ composed of 5 handprints and 5 footprints on travertine deposit has been found during the second scientific expedition of Tibetan plateau in Chusang Village, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region. Anatomical measurement, 3D model simulation, Uranium dating and morphology analysis has been conducted on this ‘parietal art’. The results indicate that: 1) The ‘parietal art’ was created deliberately on the soft travertine before it fossilized; 2) The fossil travertine with ‘parietal art ’ was dated to between around 169 000 and 226 000 B.P.） based on uranium series dating, which includes a direct dating age of a fingerprint on the surface (188 000 to 207 000 B.P.); 3) This discovery is one of the earliest records of hominin activities on the Tibetan plateau, and it also provides new evidence for hominin to adapt to low temperature and hypoxia environment; 4) This ‘parietal art’ is the world’s earliest rock art and the handprints on it are also the earliest handprints left by hominin. 5) This “parietal art “demonstrate that the ‘unknown type of hominin’ has cognitive and spatial perception capabilities. In addition, the discovery of this rock art will also have the potential to rewrite the history of human art and to deepen our understanding of the cognition level of ancient hominin that have already disappeared. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Formation Mechanisms of Immigrant Enclaves in China: Comparative Study of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou Zhou Wenting, Liu Yungang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (9): 1513-1521.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.09.001 Abstract （395）   HTML （64）    PDF （588KB）（151）       Knowledge map    Against the deepening of China’s reform and opening up and high-speed economic growth, the number of transmigrants in China has soared over the last decade. Though most of the transmigrants tend to sojourn for less than five years in major metropolises such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, their emergence gradually contributes to the reconstruction of urban social space in China. Now, due to transmigrants ’ preference for residing close to their compatriots, scattered immigrant enclaves in major metropolises are becoming characterized by different nationalities or nations. This topic has attracted widespread attention from scholars and the public. As such, this study sheds light on three typical immigrant enclaves as case study regions, including the South Korean enclave in Wangjing, Beijing, the Japanese enclave in Gubei, Shanghai and the African enclave in Xiaobei, Guangzhou, in order to discuss the following questions. 1) How and why have different ethnic groups chosen their residence city? 2) How do ethnic groups interact with residence cities, and what are the formation mechanism and characteristics of three immigrant enclaves? Based on the comparative study of the three immigrant enclaves in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, we found that: Firstly, many of the South Korean Transmigrants have expatriated to Beijing are enterprise-oriented, trade-oriented and education-oriented, the Japanese Transmigrants in Shanghai are enterprise-oriented, and the African Transmigrants in Guangzhou are trade-oriented. Secondly, the immigrant enclaves in three cities have been established under similar institutional backgrounds, such as global economic restructuring, bilateral relationship, and immigrant policy of China, which led to a policy-led or economy-led character of immigrant enclaves. Despite all this, due to distinct urban hard and soft environment, and ethnicity factors, the formation mechanisms of immigrant enclaves vary from city to city, from ethnic group to ethnic group. As a result, there are three immigrant enclave models: The Japanese enclave in Gubei is the special zone model, the South Korean enclave in Wangjing is the coupled modes, and the African enclave in Xiaobei is the ethnic model. Besides, the study also points out that immigrant enclaves in China are different from their counterparts in the west, where they are usually treated as a serious social problem brought by social deprivation and spatial differentiation. Against the contexts of China ’s unique situation and “sojourned” transmigrants, the immigrant enclaves in China are the results of transmigrants ’ efforts on adapting to China ’s immigrant policies, urban policies, and city’s public services. Now, the cities in China have entered a new stage, featured by both capital internationalization and immigrant internationalization in a completely distinct way. Therefore, we should put emphasis on the immigrant enclave governance and service, so as to build an exemplary role in the country and promote the in-depth opening and high-quality development in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Functions in the Dongting Lake Aera An Yue, Tan Xuelan, Li Yinqi, Zhou Zhou, Yu Hangling, Ren Hui SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1272-1282.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.014 Abstract （386）   HTML （50）    PDF （1883KB）（272）       Knowledge map    Since the 21st Century, the rapid development of the Chinese economy has sped up the transformation and reconfiguration of the urban-rural spatial structure and industrial structure. Land urbanization raises several issues caused by urban expansion, such as inefficient land use, uncontrollable construction areas, abandoned rural settlements, etc. Meanwhile, it further leads to cultivated land changing to non-agriculturalization, non-food, and marginalization due to urban agglomeration along with urbanization such as the population, capital, and industry. Cultivated land, as one of the most variable land use types, is an essential support for rural development. It is conducive to realizing the utilization of cultivated land, developing sustainable land management, and promoting sustainable region development to explore the spatial-temporal evolution and its influencing factors of cultivated land functions. Taking the 24 counties in the Dongting Lake area of Hunan Province as an example, the study analyzed the spatial-temporal evolution, spatial divergence, and influencing factors of cultivated land functions from economic production, social security, and ecological maintenance by using the entropy and geodetector method. Results show that 1) the economic production function of cultivated land showed a general upward trend from 1998 to 2018 and distributed in the central and southwestern Dongting Lake area with better agricultural development. The social security function has improved significantly, showing a decline in three regions (Linli, Jinshi, and Dingcheng). The spatial pattern of ecological maintenance functions is changing slightly, with the high in the central and low on both sides. 2) Natural geographical conditions are conducive to cultivated land function at an early stage, weakening over time gradually. Socio-economic factors on the spatial differentiation of cultivated land functions increase with the development of the social economy. The ability increases as it improves to impact the spatial differentiation of cultivated land functions. The interaction among multiple factors can significantly enhance cultivated land's spatial differentiation and promote diversified development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress and Prospect of the Impact of Population Migration on Rural Transformation Development Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Tong Weiming, Guo Jiaxin, Su Fei, Xu Weixiang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (4): 662-669.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.04.011 Abstract （385）   HTML （18）    PDF （484KB）（218）       Knowledge map    With the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in the new era, China has entered the stage of rapid transformation of rural development, and the population migration tend to have a new differentiation and development trend. To have a scientific cognition about the relationship between the population migration and rural transformation development is of great significance for implementing the rural revitalization strategy and adjusting the urban and rural population development pattern. Based on the content and perspective of the population migration research, this paper systematically expounds the relationship between the population migration and rural transformation development from the perspective of rural labor migration and return, and the counter-urbanization. Finally, based on the needs of rural revitalization strategy in the new era, the research areas and directions of the future focus between the population migration and rural transformation development are discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial Distribution Pattern and Driving Force of Tourist Destinations in Guizhou Province Based on GIS and Geodetector Wu Kehua, Su Weici, Jia Zhenzhen, Wang Huicheng, Ye Shian, Luo Shiqin SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (5): 841-850.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.05.010 Abstract （381）   HTML （13）    PDF （3427KB）（193）       Knowledge map    Based on the spatial data of tourist destinations in Guizhou, the analysis methods including mean nearest-neighbor distance, geodetector method, etc. are adopted to research the spatial distribution characteristics of tourist destinations in four time sections of Guizhou from 1990 to 2018, and analyze the evolution process of key tourist destinations in these periods. It also discusses the relationship between the spatial distribution of tourism destination and the geographical environment, social and economic factors, and further carries out the driving force analysis. The results show that: 1) In the four periods, tourist destinations are distributed in a condensed state, showing the transition from point-clump aggregation to planar and zonal aggregation. 2) The evolution process of tourism revenue is more sensitive and intense than that of total tourist flow in the whole province. Both of them are dominated by longitude variation, and present the trend that the proportion of the west is larger than that of the east. 3) The vertical distribution of tourist destinations in the whole province is approximately normal; The tourist resources in carbonate rocks are mostly natural attractions, while where in clastic rocks is mainly the aggregate distribution of ethnic minority attractions; The number of tourist destinations distributed in the 5 km buffer zone of the fault line is about 90%, and its spatial distribution is basically consistent with the strike of the fault line; The Triassic, Cambrian and Permian strata are the main distribution areas of tourist destinations; The tourist destinations are obviously distributed along the provincial road. 4) The distribution of tourist destinations in the whole province is mainly driven by seven factors including the distance from tourist destinations to river valleys, the distance from county-level administrative centers, the straight-line distance of expressways, the density of land transportation network, the density of expressway network, the distance from fault lines, and the density of river valleys; The combination of the factors that the distance from river valleys, the distance from county-level administrative centers, the straight-line distance from expressways, and the density level of transportation network, controls centrally the overall pattern of spatial distribution of tourism destinations in Guizhou. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern Based on Genetic Algorithm and Graph Theory: A Case Study of Wuhan City Wang Zilin, Li Zhigang, Fang Shiming SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (10): 1685-1694.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.10.001 Abstract （377）   HTML （243）    PDF （2767KB）（181）       Knowledge map    Ecological security pattern is the bridge between ecosystem services and human society development, and it is a healthy spatial pattern of ecosystem existing in landscape. Most of the studies on corridor extraction have insufficient quantitative basis and strong subjectivity. For example, all ecological sources are directly used for the extraction of ecological corridors, or after subjectively eliminating or merging small ecological source areas, the remaining ecological source areas are used to extract ecological corridors, which is easy to cause the problems of corridor redundancy or low credibility. In addition, the research on the optimization of the ecological security pattern is not in-depth enough, which is mainly manifested in the determination of the optimized areas of the ecological security pattern without quantitative analysis of the optimization effect. This paper takes Wuhan City as an example, by analyzing ecosystem service value, ecological sensitivity, landscape connectivity and ecological needs, Wuhan land and water ecological sources were identified. And using genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal ecological source, on this basis, the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) was used to extract the land and water ecological corridors, respectively. The ecological source and ecological corridor are superimposed to construct the ecological security pattern of Wuhan in 2017. The results show that in 2017, the total area of ecological source in Wuhan was about 1917.342 km2, of which the land and water ecological source areas were 780.217 km2 and 1137.125 km2, respectively. The number of the optimal land and water ecological sources identified by the genetic algorithm is 65 and 32 respectively. The extracted ecological corridors have a total length of 2 305.37 km, and the length of land and water ecological corridors is 1 497.86 km and 807.51 km, respectively. The ecological security pattern in Wuhan presents the characteristics of “three horizontal, three vertical and three clusters”, and in general, the ecological security pattern can construct a circular intersecting layout of ecological sources. In addition, eight new land ecological stepping stones, 8 new water ecological stepping stones and 5 new ecological sources were added in this paper. The graph theory method was used to compare the relevant indexes before and after optimization, and it was found that a more perfect ecological security pattern could be constructed after optimization, the optimization effect is good and the optimization scheme is feasible. The construction and optimization method of ecological security pattern can provide a more scientific reference for the study of ecological security pattern in rapidly developing metropolises. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Distribution Characteristics and Topographic Influence of Erosion Gully in Typical Hilly Region of Northeast China Jiao Peng, Yan Baixing, Ou Yang, Li Mingtang, Ren Ming, Wen Leilei, Cui Hu, Tian Liping, Cheng Lei, Liu Huiping SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (10): 1829-1837.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.10.015 Abstract （358）   HTML （19）    PDF （1203KB）（118）       Knowledge map    The low mountain and hilly areas in Northeast China are important grain producing areas and commercial grain bases. High-intensity agricultural cultivation has caused serious soil erosion and increasing erosion ditch hazards. An area of 106.5 km2 in the upper reaches of the East Liaohe River was selected as the study area, and the geometric parameters and latitude and longitude of erosion ditches with length ≥ 50 m and depth ≥ 0.5 m in the study area were verified and measured in the field based on the remote sensing images with 2 m resolution and manual prediction of erosion ditches by GIS. Based on DEM, the spatial information of slope gradient, slope aspect and elevation of erosion gullies was obtained; the basic characteristics and spatial and temporal evolution trends of erosion gullies in the study area were analyzed, and the influence of slope gradient and slope aspect on the development of erosion gullies was discussed. The results show that: 1) There are 322 erosion gullies in the study area, with a distribution density of 3.0 gullies /km2, a gully density of 0.8 km/km2, and a fragmentation degree of 1.4%. The development of erosion gullies is fast, and the intensity of gully erosion has reached an intense degree, which should be paid enough attention to. 2) Erosion gullies are mainly distributed on sloping arable land from 6° to 9°, the influence of slope gradient on gully erosion is obvious, and the high-intensity reclamation of sloping arable land is the main driving force for the increase of gully erosion. 3) There are more erosion gullies on the sunny slope (S, E, etc.), and least erosion gullies on the shady slope (N). Slope aspect also has a certain influence on gully erosion. The research results provide scientific data for understanding the occurrence and evolution of erosion gullies in low mountain and hilly areas of Northeast China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Remote Sensing Inversion of Soil Organic Matter and Total Nitrogen in Black Soil Region Zheng Miao, Wang Xiang, Li Sijia, Zhang Li, Song Kaishan SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (8): 1336-1347.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.08.002 Abstract （356）   HTML （34）    PDF （6426KB）（172）       Knowledge map    Soil Organic Matter (SOM) and Soil Total Nitrogen (STN) provide nutrients for plant growth, and they are important indexes for soil quality evaluation. In this study,the soil sample data were obtained from the cultivated land in the typical black soil area of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces. The Sentinel-2A images were used as data sources to calculate spectral indices, and SOM and STN prediction models were established by Multiple Stepwise Linear Regression (MSLR) and Random Forest (RF) algorithm respectively, and the performance of the models was evaluated by 10-fold cross-validation. The spatial distribution differences of SOM and STN under different climate, soil types and terrains were compared and analyzed. Results showed that: 1) The contents of SOM and STN were the highest in Hailun demonstration area, anf low annual temperature, high elevation and annual precipitation lead to increasement of SOM, and low annual temperature and high annual precipitation lead to increasement of STN. 2) Compared with SOM and STN prediction models based on MSLR algorithm, SOM and STN prediction models based on RF have higher accuracy and stability. 3) The R2 of SOM inversion model established by RF algorithm is 0.96 and RMSE is 5.49 g/kg, while the R2 of STN inversion model is 0.95 and RMSE is 0.27 g/kg. 4) The unified establishment of SOM and STN prediction models in different demonstration areas is helpful to improve prediction accuracy and realize cross-regional modeling and mapping. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial-temporal Differentiation and Evolution Trend of Marine Ecological Security in China Han Zenglin, Tong Yanbo, Wang Geng SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1166-1175.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.004 Abstract （351）   HTML （45）    PDF （1130KB）（217）       Knowledge map    Based on the statistical data from 2006 to 2016 and taking 11 coastal areas (due to the data limitation, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan of China are excluded in this study) of China as examples, the paper constructed the evaluation index system of China’s marine ecological security, evaluated the spatial-temporal differentiation of China’s marine ecological security, and analyzed the shift of the center of gravity of China’s marine ecological security pattern based on the standard deviation ellipse. Finally, using the Hurst index to study the evolution trend of marine ecological security in China. The results showed that from 2006 to 2016, the status of marine ecological security in China showed an overall upward trend. The average value of marine ecological security index increased year by year, from 0.346 2 to 0.421 0, with an increasing rate of 21.6%. The overall marine ecological security in China has phases. The regional differences of marine ecological security in China are increasing year by year. In terms of spatial pattern, the overall status of marine ecological security in China is good. It roughly presents the spatial distribution characteristics of “north-south symmetry with the center of Shanghai”. The change range of marine ecological security center of gravity in China is minor, and it basically shifts from north to south around 31°10′N, showing a north-south shift with Shanghai as the center of gravity, and the trend of northward shift is relatively obvious than southward . In terms of the evolutionary trend, the marine ecological security in China is dominated by very weak anti-persistence, and the Hurst index is generally located at the level of ?2-2, with a relatively small overall change range. The evolution trend presents spatial imbalance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal Evolution of Heat Island Effect and Its Driving Factors in Urban Agglomerations of China Hu Nanlin, Ren Zhibin, Dong Yulin, Fu Yao, Guo Yujie, Mao Zhixia, Chang Xinyue SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (9): 1534-1545.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.09.003 Abstract （347）   HTML （54）    PDF （2648KB）（196）       Knowledge map    Urban agglomeration characterized by compact regional cooperation and frequent human mobility has been an obvious direction of urban and socio-economic development in China. However, in the formation of urban agglomeration, rapid impervious expansion and tremendous anthropogenic heat sources making urban areas hotter, which generates the urban heat island (UHI) effect and associated extreme heat events, threatening public health and sustainable development. Although studies have documented the impact of UHI on the urban environment by using a single urban agglomeration as the research object, there is still a lack of knowledge of the driving mechanism of the spatiotemporal pattern of UHI on the national scale. In this study, we observed the urban expansion and the spatiotemporal pattern of UHI in 19 urban agglomerations of China from 2000 to 2015 by using long-term impervious data and MODIS surface temperature data. Furthermore, by using Redundancy analysis (RDA) and linear regression model with the datasets that represent the nature and socio-economic driving factors, we quantified the driving mechanism of spatiotemporal pattern of UHI for all urban agglomerations. Results show that the impervious surface expanded rapidly with its proportion increased from 2.08% to 5.33% during 2000-2015 in China’s urban agglomerations, concentrating in coastal urban agglomerations such as the Pearl River Delta. The proportion of heat island (PHI) was high and the intensity of heat island (SUHIIagg) was higher in summer nighttime than in daytime. The eastern and numerous of northern urban agglomerations such as Harbin-Changchun had strong cooling capacity in summer, however the SUHIIagg increased in nighttime to varying degrees. Besides, the PHI and the SUHIIagg in winter nighttime was higher than that in daytime. And the SUHIIagg in the north, northwest and east urban agglomerations increased in winter nighttime. We found vegetation was significantly reducing the nighttime PHI, while the precipitation was negatively affecting the SUHIIagg in summer nighttime (22%) and latitude was positively affecting the SUHIIagg in winter nighttime (56%). Meanwhile, the nighttime lights was negatively affecting the SUHIIagg(24%) and positively affecting the PHI (27%) while the population negatively affecting the SUHIIagg in summer nighttime (31%).These show that natural environmental factors dominantly contribute to the SUHIIagg, while the human disturbance factors dominantly contribute to the PHI. These show that the interaction between radiation changes and human activities has an important impact on the nighttime UHI effect in China. Since the urban expansion and immigration keep ongoing, the UHI effect is predicted to be more intense and of longer duration in China. Thus, the pathway to balance the development of urban agglomeration and the mitigation of the urban heat environment is a major challenge for government policymaking in China. This study expands the knowledge of the spatiotemporal UHI change at the national scale, which provides a scientific basis for urban planning, alleviating urban heat challenges, and achieving sustainable development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of Beautiful Village in China Cao Kaijun, Wang Mimi SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (8): 1446-1454.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.08.012 Abstract （347）   HTML （43）    PDF （1689KB）（225）       Knowledge map    Beautiful village construction is an important measure of agricultural and rural modernization, beautiful China construction and comprehensive rural revitalization. It is of great significance to study the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of its spatial pattern for rational planning and layout of beautiful countryside. Thus, taking 140, 560 and 1216 beautiful village in 2014, 2017 and 2020 as the research object, GIS spatial analysis method is used to study the evolution characteristics of the spatial pattern of beautiful village, and geographic detectors and multi-scale geographic weighted regression are used to explore the influencing factors of the spatial pattern of beautiful village and their spatial differentiation. The results show that: 1) The spatial agglomeration of beautiful village is enhanced, and the main agglomeration areas show a trend of ‘zone-network-plane’ distribution, and the hot spots spread inward from coastal areas. 2) The spatial differentiation of beautiful village is the result of the joint action of multiple factors, but the explanatory degree of each influencing factor is significantly different, among which national intangible cultural heritage, 5A scenic spot and population density have the greatest explanatory power to the spatial distribution of beautiful village. 3) The main influencing factors have obvious spatial differences on the spatial distribution of beautiful village, and the local imbalance is significant. The positive correlation and negative correlation analysis units are blocky and banded. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Variation of Plant Functional Traits and Adaptive Strategy of Woody Species in Degraded Karst Tiankeng of Yunnan Province Shui Wei, Guo Pingping, Zhu Sufeng, Feng Jie, Sun Xiang, Li Hui SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1295-1306.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.016 Abstract （343）   HTML （36）    PDF （1752KB）（173）       Knowledge map    In the context of global climate change, habitat adaptation studies of the karst tiankeng plants are gradually being highlighting. However, it is unclear what ecological strategies plants adopt to acclimate to tiankeng microhabitat, and how plant life history, genetic history, and ecological factors contribute to functional trait variation. Therefore, we analyzed the degree of variation of 8 functional traits from 34 woody species in a typical moderate-degraded Shenxiantang Tiankeng of Zhanyi Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province. The relationship between functional trait variation and family group, life type, growth type and ecological factors and the explanatory effect of soil factors on plant trait variation were further explored at intraspecific and interaspecific levels. Our results showed that the characteristics of woody species from tiankeng underground forest were large leaf thickness, small specific leaf area and large leaf dry matter content. Interspecific variation of plant traits in shrubs was generally smaller than that of trees, and the degree of variation of plant traits did not significantly difference between evergreen and deciduous tree species. The majority of intraspecific and interspecific variation of leaf traits was greater than that of branchlet traits. The average intraspecific variation coefficient of plant traits in the Shenxiantang Tiankeng amounted to 23.45%, which was lower compared to the vegetation types in other non-karst regions. It indicated that plants had less shape plasticity under the karst tiankeng regions. Soil nutrients were the dominant environmental factor which determined the variability of community traits at the sample site scale. Moreover, the phylogenetic history of species and their life history characteristics were also internal drivers of functional trait variation in this zonal vegetation. In conclusion, during the long-term evolution of species, the functional traits and their degree of variability were influenced by a combination of non-biological environmental factors, phylogenetic processes, and life history strategies. This study aims to provide materials and evidence for the value of species refuges in karst tiankengs with negative topography, and to contribute scientific support for enhancing the ecosystem service functions of karst ecologically vulnerable areas and nature reserves in Yunnan Plateau, and for scientifically undertaking ecological restoration of tiankeng external areas and zonal vegetation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal Evolution and Interactive Effects of Geographical Indication Agricultural Products and Agricultural Economy Xie Yongshun, Wang Chengjin, Wu Ailing SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (9): 1577-1587.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.09.007 Abstract （333）   HTML （36）    PDF （9690KB）（189）       Knowledge map    Taking 326 administrative units at prefecture level in China in 2008-2018 as cases, this article comprehensively measures spatial-temporal evolution, dynamic coordinated, and interactive response relationships between geographical indication agricultural products and agricultural economy in China by using multi-index comprehensive evaluation method, coordinated development degree model, grey correlation degree model, and P-VAR model. The results are shown as follows: 1) The development level of geographical indication agricultural products and agricultural economy showed an overall upward trend. In terms of space, geographical indication agricultural products dispersed over an extensive area with localized concentrations, while agricultural economy showed the distribution characteristics of declining from coastal to inland. 2) The level of coordinated development of geographical indication agricultural products and agricultural economy increases with time, from primary coordination to high-level coordination, and the spatial differences have experienced the process of first increasing and then decreasing; there is a significant correlation between geographical indication agricultural products and agricultural economy, and the correlation has the characteristics of continuous strengthening. 3) Geographical indication agricultural products and agricultural economy have the characteristics of self-reinforcement and inertia growth; The influence of geographical indication agricultural products on agricultural economy is small, while the influence of agricultural economy on geographical indication agricultural products is great, which has a reverse forcing mechanism. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Character of the Elderly’s Life Circle and Public Service Facilities Configuration by Using Big Data: A Case of Beijing Zhao Pengjun, Luo Jia, Hu Haoyu SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1176-1186.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.005 Abstract （329）   HTML （41）    PDF （10637KB）（340）       Knowledge map    This study uses mobile phone data and point of interest data to discover the relationship between the scope of elderly’s life circle and various public service facilities configuration by looking at Beijing as a case. The results of analysis show that, firstly, the elderly’s life circle has a feature of spatial stratification, which including the neighborhood life circle, residential life circle, urban life circle. Secondly, there is a scale effect on the relationship between the radius of life circle and accessibility of public service facilities, and the intensity of the matching relationship between the spatial radius of residential life circles and the accessibility of public service facilities is significantly higher than that of neighborhood life circles. Thirdly, there are differences among different facilities. The accessibility level of rigid demand facilities such as shopping, leisure and entertainment, and medical service facilities for the elderly is negatively correlated with the radius of the life circle, while the accessibility of recreational and entertainment facilities such as catering, cultural and educational facilities is vice versa. Fourthly, there are also significant differences among different geographical locations. The impact of facility accessibility on the radius of life circle is much weaker in the downtown area than in other areas, but the influence is stronger in the suburbs. The findings and conclusions would provide new evidence for the practice of national spatial planning and elderly-livable urban construction. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temproral Evolution Characteristics of AI Development in Chinese Cities and Its Influencing Factors Zou Weiyong, Xiong Yunjun SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1207-1217.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.008 Abstract （327）   HTML （50）    PDF （2763KB）（217）       Knowledge map    Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2000 to 2019, this paper searches the number of patent applications related to artificial intelligence with keywords. Using standard deviation ellipse, exploratory spatial data analysis and spatial Dubin decomposition model, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of urban artificial intelligence in China. The results show that: 1) The development of artificial intelligence can be divided into initial stage, growth stage and high-speed development stage. There is an obvious hierarchical effect in space. The advantages of eastern coastal cities are obvious, and the rise of central and western cities are accelerated. 2) Artificial intelligence has a strong spatial positive correlation, and cities in some areas form an agglomeration development trend. The spatial distribution produces polarization along the “northeast-southwest” and diffusion along the “northwest-southeast” direction. The distribution center is located in Anhui Province, with a trend of continuous migration to the southeast. 3) The improvement of marketization level, population density, human capital, foreign investment level and financial development level are conducive to the development of artificial intelligence, and there is a positive spatial spillover effect. The relationship between government intervention and the development of artificial intelligence shows an inverted U-shaped curve, with spatial spillover effect. Industrial upgrading and infrastructure construction are conducive to the development of artificial intelligence, but the spatial spillover effect are not obvious. The research conclusion can provide empirical enlightenment for China’s cities to accelerate the implementation of artificial intelligence strategy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial-temporal Pattern and Influencing Factors of the “Production-Living-Ecological” Functional Space of the Yellow River Basin at County Level in Gansu, China Lu Chengpeng, Ji Wei, Liu Zhiliang, Mao Jinhuang, Li Jingzhong, Xue Bing SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (4): 579-588.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.04.003 Abstract （323）   HTML （42）    PDF （8141KB）（140）       Knowledge map    In order to reveal the spatial evolution and differential characteristics of the “production-living-ecological” function and quantitatively identify its influencing factors in 57 counties of Gansu Province in the Yellow River Basin, this paper comprehensively evaluates the “production-living-ecological” functionality of these counties during the period of 2006 to 2018 by the construction of an evaluation index system, the entropy weight method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and geographic detectors. The results show that the functional index of “production-living-ecological” function in these counties shows an overall increasing trend, but the spatial difference is significant. The spatial pattern is higher along the mainstream of the Yellow River, i.e., “Maqu-Jingyuan” axis, and lower on both sides. The global Moran’s I index has proved that the “production-living-ecological” function in the research area shows an obvious spatial positive correlation, in which the characteristics of ecological function clustering are the most significant. In addition, the “production-living-ecological” function of the county’s changes over time, presenting a “group” type distribution of the obvious positive correlation clustering while a sporadic-like distribution of the low negative correlation clustering. It is found that in the study area, the urban-rural integration level of these counties is the main factor that affects the spatial differentiation of “production-living-ecological” function, and the interaction of different influencing factors enhances the spatial differentiation of “production-living-ecological” function. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal Differentiation and Influencing Factors of Star-rated Hotels’ Resilience of China’s Tourism Cities Wang Qingwei, Mei Lin, Jiang Hongqiang, Yao Qian, Shi Yong, Fu Zhanhui SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (8): 1483-1491.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.08.016 Abstract （320）   HTML （13）    PDF （1180KB）（102）       Knowledge map    COVID-19 has caused heavy losses to the tourism industry and the hotel industry. However, it is different that the ability of tourism cities’ hotels to cope with and adapt to the epidemic, that is, their resilience is different. Taking star-rated hotels of 41 tourism cities in China as an example, this paper constructs a resilience evaluation model based on their cumulative loss. Using SARIMA Model and Random Forest Model, this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal differentiation and factors of star-rated hotels’ resilience of tourism cities in 2020 under the impact of COVID-19. The results show that: 1) With the gradual improvement of the epidemic prevention and control in China, star-rated hotels’ resilience of tourism cities continues to increase, but the evolution of their resilience is different. 2) From a spatial point of view, it is different that star-rated hotels’ resilience of tourism cities. The resilience’s spatial differentiation shows the traffic corridor effect and the geographical proximity effect. 3) There are six important factors affecting star-rated hotels’ resilience of tourism cities, which are the growth rate of average rental rate, the ratio of catering to room income, the urban parks and green spaces per capita, the growth rate of domestic tourism income, the rate of excellent air quality, and the disposable income of urban residents per capita, and which have complex and nonlinear effects on the resilience. This paper is beneficial to star-rated hotels’ resilience of tourism cities under the impact of COVID-19. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Temporal and Spatial Variation of Ecosystem Service Value and Its Trade-offs and Synergies in the Peripheral Region of the Poyang Lake Wen Yuling, Zhang Xiaolin, Wei Jiahao, Wang Xiaolong, Cai Yongjiu SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (7): 1229-1238.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.07.010 Abstract （320）   HTML （35）    PDF （3413KB）（195）       Knowledge map    It is of great significance to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecosystem services value (ESV) and the trade-offs and synergies among various services to realize the coordinated development of regional ecology and economy. Based on the revised equivalent factor table and combined with the land use data of 7 periods from 1988 to 2020, the study of spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem services value (ESV) in the peripheral region of the Poyang Lake is explored by data processing and spatial analysis of GIS technology. At the same time, the ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies model is introduced to analyze the trade-offs and synergies of seven ecosystem service functions. The results show that: 1) From 1988 to 2020, the ecosystem service value in the peripheral region of the Poyang Lake increased from 57.79 billion yuan to 59.25 billion yuan, showing the fluctuation characteristics of first increasing, then decreasing and then increasing. During the whole study period, ESV of water area is the largest, followed by woodland and arable land. The main contributing factors of ESV change are water area, grassland and woodland. From the perspective of single ecological service value, the regulation service value is the largest during the study period, accounting for more than 77% of the total ESV. 2) The spatial distribution characteristics of ecosystem service value in the study area are closely related to land use types. In recent 32 years, the spatial distribution of ecological service value in the study area has shown obvious imbalance. The area with the highest ecological service value is the area with abundant water resources, and the area with the lowest ecological service value is the contiguous area with concentrated construction land. ESV significantly decreased in areas with the greatest intensity of construction land expansion, including Nanchang urban area, Jiujiang urban area, and urban built-up areas of other districts and counties. The areas with increased ESV are evenly distributed in the northeast and northwest of the study area, as well as the southeast and southwest near the outside of the study area. 3) In the study period, the synergistic relationship is the dominant relationship among ecosystem services, while the number of the trade-off’s relationship is small and mainly existed between food production and other services. The results indicate that there is conflict between food production and environmental protection, and there is competition between cultivated land and other land use patterns in the study area. During 1988-1999 and 1999-2009, the other six ecosystem services showed synergistic relationship except for food production service. From 2009 to 2020, the degree and direction of interaction among ecosystem services have changed, and the maximum value of trade-offs and synergies have increased. The trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services has a profound impact on the balanced development of regional ecological environment protection and economy. Moreover, trade-offs and synergies play an important role in coordinating multiple goals, maximizing human well-being and supporting the sustainable use of social-ecosystems. The research results can provide reference information for promoting the coordinated development of ecological environment protection and economy in the peripheral region of Poyang Lake. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Conservation Tillage Improves Soil Biodiversity and Its Ecological Function in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China Zhang Shixiu, Jia Shuxia, Chang Liang, Chen Xuewen, Zhang Yan, Yang Xueming, Liang Aizhen SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (8): 1360-1369.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.08.004 Abstract （316）   HTML （34）    PDF （6883KB）（166）       Knowledge map    Conservation tillage has become the core technology to conquer the degradation of black soil. Since soil is a home to a variety of organisms, it is very important to regard soil as a living system to evaluate the impact of conservation tillage on the health of black soil. Therefore, based on the long-term conservation tillage trial established by the Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the responses of soil biodiversity and its function to conservation tillage were comprehensively elucidated in this study. Compared with conventional tillage, conservation tillage strongly improved the species richness (1%-8%), density (25%-57%), and biomass (30%-50%) of the entire soil assemblages, including microorganisms, nematodes, collembolans, mites and earthworms, as well as the connectance of soil food web (14%-32%). Furthermore, conservation tillage promotes the performance of soil biotic function in soil structure formation, soil carbon sequestration, nitrogen efficient utilization and crop yield stability. These results suggest that conservation tillage can effectively utilize the functional potential of soil organisms, which is of great significance to supporting the healthy and sustainable development of agriculture in the black soil region of Northeast China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics