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Variations and driving factors of wind erosion climatic erosivity in coastal areas of China from 1960 to 2019 Chen Shouxu, Dong Yuxiang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (3): 552-563.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.017 Abstract （1263）   HTML （74）    PDF （3348KB）（298）       Knowledge map    Wind erosion climatic erosivity is an index constructed after comprehensive parameterization of wind speed, precipitation, and so on. It is usually used to characterize the potential wind erosion level under the comprehensive influence of a series of climatic conditions. Many studies have been carried out in the calculation of wind erosion climatic erosivity, temporal and spatial changes and driving factors of wind erosion climatic erosivity around the world. However, previous studies in China mainly focused on arid and semi-arid areas inland, and rarely involved coastal areas, which probably also has high wind erosion climatic erosivity. Therefore, the main coastal areas of China were selected as the research area. Based on the observation data of 64 meteorological stations in the main coastal areas in China from 1960 to 2019, we calculated the average level of wind erosion climatic erosivity by the model proposed by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and we analyzed its variation by Mann-Kendall test model, Morlet wavelet and so on. In order to reveal the influencing factors of change accurately, we selected four indicators for analysis, including the Multivariate El Niño-Southern Oscillation Index (MEI), the number of days with average wind speed>8 m/s (QSD), Rainfall erosivity (Re), and Drought Index called Surface Wetness Index (SWI). The following results are obtained: 1) Wind erosion climatic erosivity of coastal areas in China were in range of 0.34-197.32, and the average value was 38.78, which was similar to the average value of inland arid and semi-arid areas in China. The seasonal characteristic of wind erosion climatic erosivity of coastal areas was that winter (14.13) >autumn (11.74) >spring (9.99) >summer (2.57). 2) The mean annual and seasonal wind erosion climatic erosivity of coastal areas in China both had decreased significantly without mutation point during research time, and the first major cycle was 12 years in inter-annual changes, and it was 5 years in spring or winter, 26 years in summer or autumn. 3) The number of days with average wind speed >8 m/s (QSD) was the main positive driving factor of wind erosion climatic erosivity in China's main coastal areas; The Multivariate El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) may indirectly drive changes in wind erosion climatic erosivity by affecting precipitation; rainfall and drought mainly had negative impacts on changes in wind erosion climatic erosivity in winter when wind speed dropped. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The urban socio-spatial structure and its dynamics: From Chicago, Los Angeles to Shanghai Gu Honghuan, Sun Bindong SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 185-196.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.001 Abstract （1100）   HTML （247）    PDF （1238KB）（609）       Knowledge map    The modern urban theory originating from the West cannot explain all characteristics of the ''Global South Cities'' represented by China. To make the urban theory more inclusive, this paper focuses on the spatial structure and dynamics of high, middle, and low class/income groups, and attempts to capture not only the localism and differences but also the general characteristics of cities through a comparative study of urban social space in three typical cities in China and the United States, namely Shanghai, Chicago, and Los Angeles. The results show that the Chinese cities is characterized by ''the low-income in suburbs and the high-income in the city'', which is opposite to the classical pattern of ''the upper class in the suburbs and the lower class in the city'' in American cities. The neighborhood dynamics in the United States are characterized by more ''downward social space'' in suburbia as well as a growing upward social space in the city. But the Chinese city is characterized by more ''upward social space'' due to the expansion of middle-income neighborhoods in the suburb, and a slight tendency of inner-city gentrification. The differences in urban socio-spatial structure between China and the United States are produced by the distinctions of various socio-economic factors. However, the general characteristics are also be found. The urban socio-spatial structure of each country is corresponding to the urbanization stage, and the differences in the structure and dynamics of social space can be understood by a unified analytical framework of the attractiveness of urban residents and the accessibility of intra-urban transportation. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of the urban socio-spatial dynamics is also similar, which reflects the extension of uneven development of social status in urban space and the spatial manifestation of the success of the dominant group in the locational competition in nature. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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State rescaling and spatial transformation of Hangzhou Intelligence Valley Xu Yuanshuo, Liang Jiahe, Zhang Xianchun SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 230-240.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.005 Abstract （887）   HTML （53）    PDF （1336KB）（171）       Knowledge map    This article analyzes how featured town has become a new state space through state rescaling and ''state-capital'' relationship transformation. Taking the spatial restructuring of Intelligence Valley in Hangzhou as an example, three major findings are reported as follows. First, in the process of land use transformation, the governments of Zhejiang Province and Hangzhou city have shifted the scale of power downwardly and outwardly in terms of land regulation, governance networks, and policy incentives, in order to strengthen the regulatory capacity and autonomy of sub-city administrative agencies, which realizes the localization of power in Intelligence Valley. Second, in the process of industrial upgrading, multi-level governments eliminate inefficient industries through the construction of industrial regulatory regime, policy mobilization, corporate compensation and administrative punishment. Subsequently, governments have guided the reterritorialization of capital with resource injection, administrative empowerment, and the improvement of social status. Third, the interaction between the new configuration of the power and the transformation of ''state-capital'' relationship jointly promote Intelligence Valley to become a new state space to sustain high-quality development. In general, the construction of featured towns reveals the development trends of China's state spatial selectivity in sub-city-scale, in which the city strategically constructs a ''sub-city-scale new state space'' to cope with the crisis of land use shortage and industrial inefficiency. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and Driving Mechanism of Spatial Differentiation of “Non-grain” Cultivated Land in Karst Trough Valley Area: Taking Wanshan District, Tongren, Guizhou as an Example He Xin, Zhong Jiusheng, Lin Shuangshuang, Dai Renli, He Zhiyuan, Shi Guoqing SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2207-2217.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.017 Abstract （848）   HTML （59）    PDF （1861KB）（318）       Knowledge map    The spatial structure and distribution of “Non-grain” cultivated land in Wanshan area, which is located in karst valley landform, were analyzed by using spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis, The driving factors of regional difference of cultivated land non-grain conversion were discussed with the help of the geodetic probe model, and the driving mechanism of cultivated land non-grain conversion was studied in combination with the topography and geomorphologic environment of karst troughs and valleys. The results show: 1) There are more “Non-grain” cultivated land in Wanshan area, and the proportion of cultivated land to woodland and garden land is large, so there is strong spatial aggregation in spatial distribution. 2) Among the many factors, tthe distance from the rural roads is the main driving force, which leads to the formation of different types of “Non-grain” cultivated land. 3) The formation and distribution of “Non-grain” arable land in the region are significantly affected by external driving forces, and different types of “Non-grain” arable land have different driving forces, but there are some internal links between them. 4) Under the influence of the original driving force (topographic factor) and external driving force (location factor) accompanied by measures such as returning farmland to forests and grasslands, ecological restoration, etc., the trough valley low, valley slope and valley top cultivated land “Non-grain” types are roughly the same. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution of industrial spatial organization in metropolitan areas from a relational perspective: A comparison between Shanghai and Los Angeles Kuang Aiping, Wang Mingfeng SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 208-218.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.003 Abstract （778）   HTML （63）    PDF （1424KB）（308）       Knowledge map    As a historical process, the evolution of spatial organization in the metropolitan area results from regional economic growth, multi-scale division of labour and multi-subject power relations. This study constructs a multi-scale comparative analysis framework to compare and summarizes the spatial characteristics, organizational rules and evolutionary mechanism of the spatial organization evolution of Shanghai and Los Angeles metropolitan areas. In this way, it is conducive to exploring the characteristics of the spatial organization of China's metropolitan areas. Los Angeles is representative of ''polycentric'' ''low-density'', and ''scattered'' after the transformation of the post-Fordist economy. After the reform and opening-up, Shanghai clustered the benefits of national policy preference and global capital transfer. The rise of many industrial parks and new towns promoted the transformation of Shanghai's spatial organization from ''monocentric'' to ''polycentric''. The adjustment of industrial structure and division of labour are the main reasons for the evolution of spatial organization in metropolitan areas. However, due to the differences in multi-scale spatiality, the processes of evolution are significantly different. As an intermediary for the country to be embedded in the global production network, the spatial organization of the Shanghai metropolitan area is a product of multi-scale political interaction and integration. A large amount of infrastructure investment and construction has attracted global capital, reshaped spatial organization, and strengthened the government's role in uneven regional growth. The construction of a multi-scale comparative analysis framework based on a relationship perspective, which regards cities as a collection of abstractions and concrete practices, provides a new theoretical perspective for understanding and analyzing the mechanism of spatial organization evolution in specific situations. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial differentiation of farmland and influencing factors on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Wei Hui, Lyu Changhe, Yin Xu SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (3): 379-387.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.001 Abstract （746）   HTML （101）    PDF （2251KB）（573）       Knowledge map    Identifying the status quo, spatial differentiation and influencing factors of farmland has practical significance for optimizing and adjusting the spatial utilization pattern of farmland to guarantee the regional food security. Based on the 0.51-1.02 m high-resolution images of Google Earth, this study obtained the farmland area in 2018 and analyzed its spatial variation and causal factors on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by visual interpretation, GIS-based spatial analysis and geographic detector model. The results show that: 1) In 2018, total farmland area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was 133.73 million hm2, decreased from east to west and from south and to north. Of the total farmland area, 33.27% is concentrated in the Yijiang Lianghe valleys of Tibet and the He-Huang valleys of Qinghai, while 76.02% and 75.41% are distributed within the range of 1600 m from roads and 5000 m from rivers, respectively. 2) Under the influence of topography and climate, the farmland shows a scattered and relatively concentrated spatial differentiation characteristic. Most farmland is concentrated in the zones between 3500-4000 m of elevation, 6°-15° of slope steepness, 400-600 mm of annual precipitation, and 0-5℃ of annual temperature, respectively. In other areas, the farmland area is small and mostly distributed in a point pattern. 3) The spatial distribution of farmland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was jointly influenced by natural factors including topography, climate and soil, as well as socioeconomic factors of GDP, population and location, ect. In particular, duration of sunshine hours and precipitation in the growing season, and slope steepness had the greatest influence, and generally determined the farmland spatial distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Modern gully agriculture and its sustainable development in the loess hilly and gully region Huang Yunxin, Liu Yansui, Liu Zhengjia SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (1): 130-141.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.01.014 Abstract （736）   HTML （74）    PDF （1068KB）（334）       Knowledge map    Modern gully agriculture is a new regional type of agriculture developed in the process of man-land coupling in the loess hilly and gully legion. Its sustainable development has great practical significance for the high-quality development of regional agriculture, optimization of "production-living-ecological" space and rural revitalization. Based on the cognition of human-earth system science, the connotation, sustainable development direction, typical development patterns and guarantee system of modern gully agriculture were discussed, and relevant research prospects were proposed. This paper also provides a theoretical reference for systematically understanding the patterns of gully agriculture and promoting its sustainable development in loess hilly and gully region. The conclusions are as follows: 1) Gully agriculture is an important functional type of rural regional system, which has the characteristics of multi-scale and multi-level. Thus, the sustainable development of gully agriculture should focus on micro, meso and macro scales to realize the sustainable development of soil ecosystem, farmland ecosystem and agricultural regional system synergistically. 2) On the premise of ensuring food security and ecological security, adjustment of agricultural structure should be actively promoted to develop multifunctional agriculture. Through the "3C" model, namely, the internal circulation of agriculture itself, external circulation of agriculture and the big circulation of agriculture based on agricultural multifunction, it helps to realize the optimization of the production structure, the extension of the industrial chain and the complementarity of urban and rural functions, which can promote the development of rural economy and urban-rural integration. 3) Innovation and promotion of the driving patterns such as comprehensive land consolidation pattern, agricultural structure adjustment pattern, comprehensive development of characteristic resources pattern and land transfer scale production pattern can help to improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. 4) The furture is expand interdisciplinary research of geography and other disciplines, and deepen the research in "theory-practice" paradigm. To explore and establish the agricultural production guarantee system that integrates technology research and application, talent training, policy and institutional support, are the important measure to comprehensively improve the efficiency of agricultural resources utilization and overall production efficiency of gully agriculture and promote the modernization of gully agriculture. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Measuring urban-rural integration level in Nanjing based on multi-source data Xie Zhimin, Zhen Feng SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (1): 1-10.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.01.001 Abstract （680）   HTML （108）    PDF （1721KB）（405）       Knowledge map    The traditional urban-rural integration level measurement research is less involved inside the administrative units of cities and counties, leading to a lack of more refined cognition of urban-rural relations. For metropolis areas, the spatial development model of central urban areas and suburbs also needs to be further analyzed. This paper uses muti-source data to innovate the ideas and methods of measuring urban-rural integration level in metropolis, and construct an evaluation system composed of urban development level, land intensive level, facility equalization level and urban-rural connection level. Based on this, we carry out the quantitatively evaluation by coupling coordination degree and bisecting K-means clustering algorithm, and the metropolis Nanjing is taken as the empirical analysis object. The results of analysis show that, firstly, the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination degree of the urban-rural integration system in Nanjing presents a cobweb structure with both circle diffusion and pole-axis diffusion type. Secondly, the distribution characteristics of the development level of each subsystem is different to some extent. Among them, the extensive use of land and the shortcomings of facility are the key factors restricting the further improvement of the coordinated development areas. The areas with unbalanced development are mostly limited by the traffic location and have relatively weak urban-rural connection, thus the development motivation is insufficient. Thirdly, the clustering characteristics of different indexes are obvious, showing four levels of urban area, urban fringe, small town and rural area and with nine types. The urban fringe level can be subdivided into three types: new town, suburb sub-city and countryside park, and the rural area level includes four types of villages: urban-radiated, sightseeing and leisure, densely populated, and remote and independent. The conclusions will provide a reference for the evaluation and spatial development strategies of urban-rural integration in metropolis. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Livelihood Resilience of Land-lost Farmers in Urban Fringe in Economically Developed Areas: A Case of Hangzhou Su Fei, Zheng Yanyan, Tong Lei, Zhang Panpan, Lin Qianhan SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2047-2056.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.001 Abstract （573）   HTML （48）    PDF （1373KB）（250）       Knowledge map    This article adopts a mixed quantitative and qualitative research method to explore the changes in the livelihood resilience of landless farmers in the urban fringe areas of economically developed regions. Shangcheng District and Qiantang District of Hangzhou were selected as the case areas. In the quantitative research part, an evaluation index system of livelihood resilience is constructed from three aspects: buffering ability, self-organizing ability and learning ability. Then the principal component analysis method was used to measure the livelihood resilience of land-lost farmers in the urban fringe area, and the differences between groups were compared through the kernel density map. The qualitative research part summarizes the path and reasons for the change of livelihood resilience through follow-up visits and observations of some land-lost farmers. The results show that: 1) The livelihood resilience index of land-lost farmers in the case area is generally low, and the buffering capacity, self-organization ability, and learning ability decline in turn; 2) The level of livelihood resilience is related to the location from the city center, the area of land acquisition, the use of land acquisition, and the time of land acquisition. However, it is not a simple linear relationship; 3) The changes in the livelihoods of land-lost farmers, affected by individual differences and external factors, will follow the trajectory of “external disturbances -buffer recovery-path alienation-involution leveling”. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of urban morphological structure on space compact development: A case study of Shanghai Chen Fei, Li Yonghe, Zhang Shuai, Ma Xiaoqing, Yu Yiting SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (5): 763-773.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.05.001 Abstract （556）   HTML （60）    PDF （2938KB）（333）       Knowledge map    The disorderly sprawl of land hinders the effectiveness of urban operations. Achieving compact development through optimized territorial spatial planning tools has become a crucial issue for high-quality urban development. This is particularly true for large cities where there is a significant disparity in land expansion rates between the suburbs and the central urban areas. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of targeted zoning optimization suggestions to achieve efficient space utilization. Based on the connotation of spatially compact development, a comprehensive index model is constructed to analyze the evolution characteristics of spatial compactness in Shanghai during 2005-2020 and compare it with domestic and foreign cities. In addition, a polynomial functional relationship regression model is used to explore the correlation between the sub-indices of urban form structure and spatial compactness, as well as the factors contributing to any differentiation observed. Finally, a Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression model is used to analyze the effect of urban morphological structure on spatial compactness from the perspective of different city districts. Research Findings: 1) Shanghai is at a high level of compact development compared to similar cities. The pattern of spatial compactness is circular. It shows a high center and a low periphery, with the central region generally tending to be stable and the peripheral region growing faster. However, there are significant differences in the spatial pattern of compactness sub-indicators due to the influence of policies and planning. Compared with domestic and foreign cities, Shanghai presents the characteristics of highly compact development. 2) Urban density has an inverted "U"-shaped relationship with spatial compactness, and correlation is the strongest. In contrast, the mix degree of urban function and land-use form have a nearly linear relationship with spatial compactness, respectively. 3) Overall, it is evident that land-use form can inhibit spatially compact development, though both urban density and the mix degree contribute to it. At the zoning scale, the impacts of form, function, and density on spatial compactness vary dramatically. In the peripheral urban areas, the impacts of the three types of factors on spatial compactness align with the overall findings. However, in the central urban areas, urban density tends to have a negative effect on improving spatial compactness, while land-use form has a notable positive impact. 4) An adjustment to the spatial and morphological structures associated with territorial spatial planning may facilitate compact development within core and periphery areas. Specifically, the central urban areas should prioritize reducing urban density and optimizing land use structure, while the peripheral urban areas should focus on improving urban attractiveness and reducing land use fragmentation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of spatial pattern of ''three-zone space'' in Northeast China Wei Wei, Yin Li SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 324-336.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.014 Abstract （553）   HTML （39）    PDF （2542KB）（188）       Knowledge map    Using the spatial transformation matrix, landscape pattern analysis, and Optimal Parameters-based Geographical Detector Model, this study aimed to reveal the spatial evolution characteristics and formation mechanism of the ''three-zone space'' in Northeast China in the past 20 years from the two dimensions of transformation gross scale and landscape pattern change. The results showed that: 1) In the last 20a, with the rapid expansion of urban space, the resident population in Northeast China was decreasing, and the imbalance of ''population-land'' in non-central cities was more serious. At the same time, the scale of agricultural space and ecological space had been reduced. 2) Agricultural space was the main source of urban expansion, especially in the main agricultural producing areas. In addition, the conversion between ecological space and agricultural space in non-key and optimized development zones was particularly evident. 3) The trend of landscape fragmentation and heterogeneity in key and optimized development zones was obvious, and the position of agricultural space as a dominant type in the main agricultural product producing areas declined, but no significant change in the landscape pattern of ecological function reserve. 4) Land development policy had a significant impact on both the transformation gross scale and landscape pattern change, but the geographical conditions had a stronger impact on the landscape pattern change and social-economic factors had a more influence on the transformation gross scale. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial development process and dynamic mechanism of post-suburbanization in Shanghai Wang Shaobo, Luo Xiaolong, Lu Jiancheng, Xu Kunyao, Mao Jinhuang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 219-229.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.004 Abstract （552）   HTML （54）    PDF （1881KB）（364）       Knowledge map    With the transformation of urban economy to metropolitan economy, urban space is accelerating to expand to suburbs, and the fringe areas have developed rapidly. The development of suburbs presents a new stage characteristic—post-suburbanization. This article puts Shanghai’s suburbs in the post-suburbanization landscape, and uses the post-suburbanization theory to examine the spatial growth of Shanghai's suburbs. Results found: 1) Post-suburbanization is an important stage in the process of suburbanization, which is a new spatial settlement form after the centrifugal and decentralized development of multiple elements. Compared with traditional suburbanization, post-suburbanization space is obviously different in spatial distribution, spatial utilization, spatial relationship, spatial governance mode, etc. 2) The suburbs of Shanghai have entered a new era of post-suburbanization, with more complex and diversified functional spaces in the outer suburbs, more independent suburban spaces, and present urban-like forms. 3) The development of post-suburbanization space has gone through three stages: industrial satellite towns serving industrial production after the founding of the People's Republic of China; development zones for reforming experimental fields after the opening up; and new towns created by comprehensive functional spaces after 2000. Different spatial carriers reshape the elements of suburban landscape and promote the formation of new spatial settlement form. 4) The development-oriented post-suburbanization construction is a new round of large-scale suburban development and construction of local governments to maintain their own growth accumulation strategy, and its formation is the result of the growth alliance under the leadership of the local government.Government's entrepreneurial behaviors; space repair of capital; The participation of residents in space production has obviously promoted the formation of post-suburbanization in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Glacier changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on Google Earth Engine: A case study of the Purog Kangri glacier Tian Mengqi, Duan Keqin, Shi Peihong SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (6): 943-951.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.06.001 Abstract （530）   HTML （72）    PDF （6209KB）（448）       Knowledge map    Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform, this article explores a method to rapidly batch process remote sensing data and obtain glacier area changes based on the Purog Kangri Icefield on the central Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example. A pixel-by-pixel synthesis algorithm is used to acquire cloud-free images of the study area, which improves the utilization of image data. By calculating the NDSI of the study area and performing the minimum value synthesis, the glacier extent of the Purog Kangri from 1988 to 2020 was extracted to study the changes of the glacier area of the Purog Kangri in the past 33 years. The results show that the GEE platform combined with image-level image synthesis and the minimum NDSI algorithm can be used to rapidly acquire annual synthetic images and extract glacier boundaries. The glacier area change characteristics were obtained from 1988 to 2020 by synthesizing 512 remote sensing images from 1988 to 2020, and the glacier area decreased by 31.08 km2 in past 33 years, with an average annual retreat rate of 0.23%/a. The glacier area retreat mainly occurred at the end of the glacier, and some of the ends retreated 1506 m in 20 years. In comparison with the results of other related studies, the absolute error between the results of this paper and the reference value is within 5.6 km2 and the relative deviation is within 1.4%, which proves that the minimum NDSI synthesis method based on the GEE platform is feasible and reliable to extract the glacier area. Compared with field observation of glaciers or traditional remote sensing monitoring methods, this method improves image utilization and data processing efficiency, and can quickly realize long time series analysis of glacier area change, which provides a new way for modern glacier change research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mapping the multi-temporal grazing intensity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using geographically weighted random forest Li Lanhui, Huang Congcong, Zhang Yili, Liu Linshan, Wang Zhaofeng, Zhang Haiyan, Ding Mingjun, Zhang Huamin SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (3): 398-410.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.003 Abstract （519）   HTML （46）    PDF （6718KB）（295）       Knowledge map    Accurately quantifying the spatiotemporal pattern of grazing intensity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is crucial to improving our understanding of the driving mechanism of alpine grassland change, and is of great significance for maintaining regional ecological security and promoting sustainable development policies. Based on the data of livestock inventory at the end of the year and environmental covariates (e.g. population density in pastoral areas, growing season NDVI, annual precipitation, annual mean temperature, and settlements), the gridded grazing intensities on the QTP in 2000, 2010, and 2020 were simulated by geographically weighted random forest (GRF), and the regional differences in the interpretability of environmental variables were then analyzed. The results showed that grazing intensity maps predicted by the GRF could mirror the spatial distribution of grazing intensity on the QTP, compared with the classic random forest model, the R2 was higher, and both the mean absolute value error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were lower. The grazing intensity was generally higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest of the QTP. The areas with grazing intensity of less than 25 sheep units/km2 in the northwest part accounted for about half of the QTP. Compared with 2000 and 2010, the grazing intensity of the QTP in 2020 showed a trend of overall decrease but local increase. For example, compared with 2010, the areas of grazing intensity decreased by higher than 1 sheep unit/km2 in 2020 accounting for 61.69% of the pastoral area. The population density in pastoral areas was the most important factor explaining the spatial heterogeneity of grazing intensity, and its relative importance was higher in the western QTP and lower in the eastern QTP. On the contrary, the relative importance of both precipitation and growing season NDVI was higher in the northwest part and lower in the southeast part of QTP. Our results provide scientific references for sustainable grassland management and ecological safety barrier construction on the QTP. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of the expansion of the provincial capital's administrative boundary on the provincial economic growth Sun Bindong, Zheng Tao SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (7): 1133-1143.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.07.001 Abstract （503）   HTML （42）    PDF （1004KB）（236）       Knowledge map    As a direct means of a "strong provincial capital" strategy, the administrative boundary expansion of provincial capital cities has attracted wide attention in recent years. In general, local governments increase their economic aggregate by developing organizational boundaries and have high enthusiasm for the expansion policy of administrative boundaries of provincial capitals. But China has been cautious about the procedure, given the risks involved and the uncertainty over its effects. The different policy considerations of the central and local governments put forward realistic demands for the performance evaluation of the administrative expansion of provincial capitals. Scientific assessments of the effect of organizational boundary expansion on provincial economic development can provide a sufficient basis for formulating relevant policies. Based on the panel data of 27 provinces in China from 1997 to 2018, this paper analyzes the economic growth effect of provincial capital city expansions after 2000 using the synthetic control method. It conducts a robustness test by using the placebo method. Then, the mechanism is analyzed from the perspective that the provincial capital city's economic scale accounts for the whole province's proportion. The empirical results show that the expansion of administrative boundaries of provincial capital cities can not significantly promote the economic growth of the whole provinces. The heterogeneity analysis shows that for provincial capital cities whose economic scale accounts for a large proportion of the province, expanding the scale of provincial capital cities by administrative means has a significant inhibitory effect on the economic development of the provinces, and the inhibitory intensity continues to grow over time. For the provinces where the provincial capital cities accounted for a relatively low proportion of the provinces' economy before expansion, it was found that the policy did not inhibit the provinces' economic growth, and the effect was not significant. The policy implication of this paper is that the expansion of the administrative boundaries of provincial capital cities has a high risk. As central cities of provinces, provincial capital cities have not played a role in promoting their economy. Therefore, the central government should carefully consider provincial capitals' administrative boundary expansion demands. The provincial capital city boundary expansion is not the only way to realize the "strong provincial capital" strategy. Considering the existing economic volume of the provincial capital city, the provincial government can carry out concussive and collaborative development through talent strategy, the construction of the metropolitan area, and other means. At the same time, subcentral cities should be cultivated to avoid "One city dominating" which might restrict the province's economic growth. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impacts of Subways on the Characteristics and Accessibility of Public Transport Systems: Based on the Perspective of Spatial Structure Difference Wu Hanchun, Liu Yanjun, Sun Hongri, Fu Hui SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2057-2067.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.002 Abstract （500）   HTML （31）    PDF （1654KB）（216）       Knowledge map    In the cities with different spatial structures, the impacts of subways on the characteristics and accessibility of traditional public transport systems are quite different. Taking Shenyang and Dalian as examples, this study discusses the impacts on the characteristics and accessibility of public transport systems in cities with different spatial structures which occur when subways open and analyzes the reasons for the differences of impacts. The results show that: 1) The opening of subways has positive impacts on the characteristics and accessibility of the public transport systems in Shenyang and Dalian, the degree of the impacts spreads out and gradually decreases along the subway lines. 2) The impacts of the subways opening on the characteristics and accessibility of the public transport system in Dalian are more significant, and the impacts of subways themselves are more significant in Shenyang. The gap of the evaluation results of public transport systems characteristics and accessibility between the two cities increases after the subways open. 3) With the opening of subways, the agglomeration effect of the cluster center of the public transport system in the single-center circle cities is further enhanced, and the regional differences are enlarged, while the development of public transport system in the multi-center group cities tends to be more balanced. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and mechanism of innovation networks in three major urban agglomerations of China from the perspective of multidimensional proximities Du Yanan, Wang Qingxi, Wang Zhongyan SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 197-207.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.002 Abstract （492）   HTML （55）    PDF （4304KB）（240）       Knowledge map    Urban agglomeration, as the main battlefield for countries to participate in global competition, plays an important role in leading China's innovation and development. Based on social network analysis and negative binomial model, this paper analyzes overall characteristics, status characteristics and spatial spread characteristics of innovation networks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations from 1995 to 2015, and makes in-depth analysis and dynamic comparison of the causes of the differences. The study finds that: 1) From the perspective of the overall characteristics of innovation network, innovation cooperation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta became increasingly close, dense and networked from 1995 to 2015. Compared with The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration and the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta has the most sparse innovation network but the most innovative vitality. 2) In terms of the status of innovation network, as the innovation connection breadth of the three urban agglomerations has been greatly improved, the depth of the connection has a large difference in the space-time evolution, resulting in a clear hierarchical difference in node status. On the whole, status hierarchy shows a typical ''pyramid'' structure. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration showed the most significant ''fault'' phenomenon, while the Yangtze River Delta and pearl River Delta showed the trend of equalization and polarization respectively. 3) From the perspective of spatial spread characteristics, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration led by Beijing and Tianjin, shows an inverted ''V'' shape of sprawl to Shijiazhuang and Baoding in the southwest and Tangshan and Qinhuangdao. The Yangtze River Delta is led by ''Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou'' with multiple cores, expanding outwards around the main core cities. The Pearl River Delta is relying on Guangzhou as the core, Guangzhou-Shenzhen, Guangzhou-Zhuhai and Guangzhou-Foshan as the three axes, inverted ''V'' type spread to the Pearl River Estuary. 4) From the point of driving mechanism, network effects and city bilateral attributes can significantly influence the three urban agglomerations innovation linkage intensity. Multidimensional proximity effect on innovation of contact strength of present typical urban agglomerations heterogeneity, border only positive influence on the innovation of the Yangtze river delta cooperation, spatial distance attenuation effect have a negative effect only in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta. The relationship between technological proximity and innovation cooperation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and The Yangtze River Delta is inverted U-shaped, but positive U-shaped in the Pearl River Delta. The research results are of great significance to enrich the research results of urban network and strengthen the synergistic effect of urban innovation network. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-scenario simulation and prediction of ecological-productive-living spaces in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area based on FLUS model Yuan Xuesong, Zhou Jun, Hu Beibei, Gao Qiang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (3): 564-574.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.018 Abstract （476）   HTML （21）    PDF （2734KB）（243）       Knowledge map    Based on the data of land use in 2010, 2015 and 2020 and 16 driving factors including natural and socio-economic factors, the Future Land Use Simulation model (FLUS) was used to simulate and predict the ecological-productive-living spaces of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) in 2025 and 2035 under four scenarios of production space priority, living space priority, ecological space priority, and ecological-productive-living spaces coordination. The results showed that: 1) From 2020 to 2035, the production space in GBA continued to increase under the production space priority scenario, it continued to decrease under the ecological space priority scenario; The production space increased firstly, then decreased under the ecological-productive-living spaces coordination scenario and the living space priority scenario. 2) From 2020 to 2035, the living space in GBA increased under all four scenarios. It increased least under the production space priority scenario; it increased most under the living space priority scenario. 3) From 2020 to 2035, the ecological space in GBA only increased under the ecological space priority scenario; It decreased under all three remaining scenarios. 4) The change of the ecological-productive-living spaces in the mountainous area at the edge of the GBA under the four scenarios is relatively small. But the change of the ecological-productive-living spaces in the central plain area is more obvious. The results of multi-scenario simulation can provide a spatial reference for the realization of sustainable development and the completion of an international first-class bay area in GBA. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatiotemporal pattern changes and driving factors of highly-educated immigrants in Shenzhen: Analysis based on microscale big data from 1980 to 2014 Zhang Wenjia, Wang Yurun, Yin Jie SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (2): 262-271.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.02.008 Abstract （471）   HTML （39）    PDF （745KB）（236）       Knowledge map    Highly-educated talents are not only the intellectual support for urban economic upgrading in the era of knowledge economy but also the important strategic resources for national and regional competition. Based on the microscale big data of the population in Shenzhen, we extract the data of the highly-educated immigrants who migrated to Shenzhen from 1980 to 2014. Using the methods of spatial autocorrelation and event history analysis, we explore the demographic characteristics and the spatial-temporal pattern changes of the high-educated immigrants after the reform and opening up, and investigate the driving factors influencing the individual migration decision-making in the past ten years, attempting to uncover the process of talent agglomeration in Shenzhen under different talents recruitment policy stages. The results found that: 1) The number of highly-educated immigrants in Shenzhen has grown rapidly along with the younger and unmarried demographic characteristics, while the gap in the urban-rural household registration structure has been shrunk. The spatial agglomeration characteristics of the source districts of the highly-educated immigrants are significant as the adjacent areas within Guangdong as well as the Triangle of Central China formed high-high agglomeration and central cities dominated high-low agglomeration. 2) Personal family factors, spatial obstacle factors and socioeconomic factors simultaneously shape the complex process of individual migration. People who are younger, holding urban registration and shorter geographical distance, engaged in industry, commerce and service industries and from areas with smaller population, lower per capita GDP, and more students in universities are more likely to immigrate. 3) The continuous audit policy of talents recruitment implemented in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2012 has effectively attracted the immigration of highly-educated talents, promoted the balance of the age structure of immigrant talents, and weakened the regional socioeconomical factors. The point-system evolution further fosters the equalization of the age structure and the transfer of talents between central cities. The results can provide decision support for the advanced recruitment of highly-educated immigrants and regional development in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison and analysis of spatial prediction and variability of soil pH in Anhui Province based on three kinds of geographically weighted regression Chen Xuanqiang, Zhao Mingsong, Lu Hongliang, Xu Shaojie, Qiu Shiqi, Hu Kehong SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (1): 173-183.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.01.018 Abstract （460）   HTML （20）    PDF （2038KB）（145）       Knowledge map    Geographically weighted regression (GWR), principal component geographically weighted regression (PCA-GWR) and mixed geographically weighted regression (M-GWR) were used to model and map the spatial distribution of soil pH in Anhui Province. Based on the soil pH data from 140 sampling sites in Anhui Province, and the effects of macroscopic factors such as soil, topography, climate and biology on soil pH were also taken into consideration. And then, the spatial distribution characteristics of the effects of environmental factors on soil pH were explored. Finally the accuracy of three GWR models was compared based on multiple linear regression model (MLR). The results showed that: Soil pH in Anhui Province has spatial heterogeneity and obvious agglomeration characteristics. Among the three GWR models, the M-GWR model is slightly better, and the modeling sets Radj2 of GWR, PCA-GWR and M-GWR are 0.59, 0.62 and 0.63, respectively. Compared with the MLR model, the Radj2 of the three GWR models increases by 23%, 31% and 35%, respectively. The prediction map generated by M-GWR is smooth in space, and the modeling effect is stable. The prediction results show that the area north of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province is mostly alkaline soil, and the south of the Yangtze River is mostly neutral or acidic soil, which accords with the characteristics of "southern acid and northern alkali". The results show that GWR and its improved model can effectively predict soil pH attributes and reflect the influence of environmental factors on soil pH in different spatial locations, while M-GWR has both global and local effects of variables, which improves the interpretation ability of the model and provides an important reference method for digital soil mapping in large areas. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Risk and Countermeasures for Prevention and Control of Farmers’ Home Base Withdrawal in Jilin Province Nie Ying, Han Xianzi, Fu Qiong, Cai Xiangdong SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2170-2178.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.013 Abstract （452）   HTML （5）    PDF （641KB）（59）       Knowledge map    With the rapid promotion of urbanization and the implementation of the three-rights separation policy of rural homesteads, the withdrawal of rural homesteads has become a general trend. Withdrawal of rural homestead is an important path to implement the rural revitalization strategy and promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Therefore, the research on the risk of withdrawal of homestead is a necessary step to do a good job of withdrawal of rural homestead. Based on a micro perspective, we evaluate the risk of rural homestead withdrawal in the second round of pilot homestead reform counties and cities in Jilin Province based on four aspects: household economy, land withdrawal decision, social security and housing conditions. By constructing a risk evaluation index system after the withdrawal of the rural homestead, the risk matrix method was applied to evaluating and analyzing the risk factors of the withdrawal of the rural homestead. First, the results show that the withdrawal of rural homestead will touch farmers' rights and micro-welfare boundaries to a certain extent, which will lead to the risk of rural homestead withdrawal. Second, the results show that the overall risk level of rural homestead withdrawal in Jiutai District and Tongyu County of Jilin Province is not high, with most of the 12 risk indicators being medium to low risk, with compensation for homestead withdrawal, policy interpretation, medical services, children's education, and housing status being medium risk indicators, and agricultural income, participation in decision-making, accessibility, and community relations being low risk indicators. Third, the results show that the risk of daily household consumption, per capita household income and employment opportunities are high alert risks, which should be paid attention to, with a focus on solving economic problems and improving the rural homestead withdrawal mechanism to dovetail with social security to reduce the impact of these risks. Therefore, this article puts forward the following five targeted risk prevention suggestions in order to avoid and reduce the risk of rural homestead withdrawal. First, the homestead rural withdrawal process should clarify the homestead withdrawal policy and highlight the main position of farmers. Second, the process of rural homestead withdrawal should be innovative in the form of rural homestead withdrawal and reasonably determine the compensation standard. Third, the social security system should be improved and the employment training system of farmers, and it should be improved to ensure that the living standard of farmers will not decline and their long-term livelihood will be guaranteed. Fourth, the implementation of rural homestead withdrawal and resettlement according to different types of location can be convenient to ensure the comfort and satisfaction of farmers moving out. Fifth, a mechanism to supervise the risk of rural homestead withdrawal should be established and the risk of rural homestead withdrawal should be effectively prevented. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Equity and influence factors of China's provincial carbon emissions under the ''Dual Carbon'' goal Liu Zhihua, Xu Junwei SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (1): 92-100.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.01.010 Abstract （451）   HTML （28）    PDF （758KB）（260）       Knowledge map    Using the data of provincial carbon budget from 1999 to 2017, a spatial econometric model has constructed to examine the key factors affecting the fairness of carbon degree, The results show: 1) Although the carbon emissions equity of most provinces shows an overall upward trend, regional differences still existed. Among them, the carbon emissions equity in the western region is generally higher than the central region; the central region is significantly higher than the eastern region; 2) China's provincial carbon emissions equity has obvious spatial spillover effect: at the national level, the industrial structure, the level of economic development and environmental regulation are the main factors that restrain its development, and the technological progress is the main factor that promotes its promotion. At the regional level, the industrial structure, the urbanization process, the technological innovation and the degree of opening have the most obvious spillover effects on the equity of carbon emissions in the eastern provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions). The level of economic development and the technological innovation of the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in the central region have a relatively significant positive spatial spillover effect on the equity of carbon emissions in the surrounding areas. The level of economic development, the degree of opening up and environmental regulation are the main factors restricting the improvement and spillover of the equity of carbon emissions in the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in the western region. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Winter Monsoon Evolution and Its Influencing Factors Revealed by Aeolian Sand Deposition in the Houtian Section of Nanchang City During the Last Glacial Period Sun Li, Li Zhiwen, Zhan Jiangzhen, Zhang Huijuan, Du Dingding, Li Xiangjie SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2218-2228.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.018 Abstract （444）   HTML （34）    PDF （4355KB）（241）       Knowledge map    Taking Houtian section (HTS) in the south of Poyang Lake as example, we construct the OSL chronological framework, and analyze the grain-size by the endmember model. Results show that endmember 1 (EM1) represents the silt endmember component, its peak value corresponds to the sandy paleosols, EM2 and EM3 represent the medium sand-coarse sand endmember components, its peak value corresponds to the dune sand. These peak-valley alternating characteristics reveal the monsoon evolution and climate fluctuation law during the Last Glacial period on the ten-thousand-year scale. During the periods of HTS4 (77.0-57.1 ka B.P.), HTS3b (49.7-36.8 ka B.P.), and HTS2 (26.5-14.9 ka B.P.), which mainly developed dune sand, with the peak of EM2, EM3 and CaCO3 content, and valley of EM1 and magnetic susceptibility (MS), indicating a cold and strong winter-monsoon period, corresponding to Marine Isotope stage 4 (MIS4), MIS3b and MIS2, respectively. During the periods of HTS3c (57.1-49.7 ka B.P.) and HTS3a (36.8-26.5 ka B.P.), which mainly developed sandy paleosols, with the valley of EM2, EM3 and CaCO3 content, and peak of EM1 and MS, indicating a warm and weakening winter-monsoon period, corresponding to MIS3c and MIS3a, respectively. These events are basically synchronized with climate changes recorded in the carriers such as cave stalagmites of subtropical China, loess from the Chinese Loess Plateau, etc. It is believed that the external driving factor is from the changes of solar radiation, and the internal factor is from the combined effect of monsoon intensity changes and the provenance changes caused by river-level fluctuation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Mineral and Elemental Characteristics of Karst Cave Deposits of Middle Pleistocene in Guangxi and Their Paleoclimate and Environmental Implication Huang Shengmin, Li Guoshan, Hong Hanlie, Hao Xiudong, Ouyang Chuhong, Song Zhiguang SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2198-2206.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.016 Abstract （436）   HTML （33）    PDF （1525KB）（222）       Knowledge map    This study has conducted analysis on the clay mineral and elemental composition of karst cave deposits from Bubing Basin of Ganxian, aiming at investigate their regional climate significance. The results shown that the deposits could be divided into the upper layer, lower layer, and bottom gravel three sections. The elemental abundance of cave deposits also shows profile changes, but composition of the trace metal and rare elements is consistent through the whole profile and suggest that these deposits (except the gravel layer) are likely single source sediments. While the CIA index display consistent through the profile with an average of 96.6, suggesting the whole profile of deposits have experienced similar but relative strong weathering processes and the deposits have a single source. In general, the cave deposits were formed in three major period of time, that is a rapid deposit from 150 to 350 ka, and a multi-stage deposit periods of 500-700 ka and the bottom gravel deposits formed 700 ka. Finally, the inconsistency in the profile variation between the clay mineral and elemental composition and contents may reflect the discrepancy in erosion redeposit order and cave leaching-weathering. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Coupling and coordination analysis of node and place functions of urban high-speed railway stations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt Wang Degen, Tang Juan, Zhu Mei, Xu Yinfeng SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (8): 1317-1328.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.08.001 Abstract （436）   HTML （81）    PDF （3103KB）（432）       Knowledge map    The development of station areas driven by the high-speed railway dividend is out of order. The coordinated development of nodes and places has become an important path to promote the orderly construction of high-speed railway station areas and to promote each other's development. Taking 37 urban high-speed railway stations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as examples, this paper constructs a coupling coordination degree and relative development degree model to identify the types of coupling development and spatial differentiation characteristics of high-speed railway station areas. It is found that: 1) The high-speed railway station in the Yangtze River Economic Belt can be divided into three types of coupling coordination development stages, including the running-in stage, the antagonism stage and the low-level coupling stage, exhibiting the characteristic of node lagging, place lagging and node place synchronization. 2) The types of coupling and coordination of node and place functions in the high-speed railway stations can be classified as low-coupling-node lagging, low-coupling-place lagging, antagonistic-node lagging, antagonistic-place lagging, running-in-node lagging, friction-synchronous development, and running-in-place lagging, representing low-level development, unsustainable, and to be optimized and upgraded. The spatial distribution shows significant inter-group variation in urban clusters, while cities in urban clusters are characterized by "converging centers and scattered nodes". Through this research, we can understand the current situation of functional coupling and coordination between node and place in the high-speed railway station area of the Yangtze River Economic Belt scientifically, and improve the fitness between the hub construction and function development. Besides, it can provide valuable references for promoting reasonable construction and sustainable development of the areas around the high-speed railway station. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Decoupling and decomposition of driving factors of water resources utilization and economic growth in the Yellow River Basin Li Ruzi, Bai Yi, Zhou Yunnan, Huang Shuqi, Yan Zhenning, Li Yingzi, Zhao Hongbo SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (1): 110-118.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.01.012 Abstract （435）   HTML （34）    PDF （1105KB）（174）       Knowledge map    Water resources are the most rigid constraint for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper first measures the changes of water footprint of the Yellow River basin from a structural perspective, and then analyzes the decoupling of water footprint and economic growth based on Tapio decoupling model and Kaya-LMDI decomposition model, and identifies the driving factors of water resources utilization change from the technical effect, structural effect, scale effect, endowment effect, urbanization effect and population effect. We found that: 1) the water footprint of the Yellow River basin is on the rise, the proportion of agricultural water footprint is as high as 85%, and the upside down problem of water structure and industrial structure is prominent; 2) The spatial distribution of water resource and water footprint does not match in the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin, and the middle and lower reaches face more serious water resources restriction. 3) The relationship between water footprint and economic growth is mainly weak decoupling, but the provinces began to shift to strong decoupling in the period of 2015-2019. 4) Scale effect, urbanization effect, and population effect play a role in pulling water footprint changes, while technological effect, structural effect, and endowment effect play an inhibitory role in water footprint changes, but there is still potential for improvement. There are certain differences in influencing factors in different provinces and regions. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research and extension of water resources utilization technology, promote the intensive development of agriculture, improve the efficiency of agricultural water use, further optimize the industrial structure and new urbanization construction, alleviate the dilemma of water resources constraints, and promote the high-quality economic development of the Yellow River Basin. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatiotemporal change and driving factor analysis of the Qinghai Lake Basin based on InVEST model Liu Meijuan, Zhong Juntao, Wang Bei, Mi Wenbao SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (3): 411-422.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.004 Abstract （422）   HTML （25）    PDF （1993KB）（189）       Knowledge map    The function of water production is an important manifestation of ecosystem service. Water resources and ecosystem have two-way influence. Dynamic identification of spatial differentiation characteristics and driving factors of water production service is of great significance to adjusting infrastructure allocation, optimizing water resources management and protecting regional ecosystem. Taking the Qinghai Lake Basin as the research area, based on the land use of the 8th phase of 1985—2020, combined with terrain, soil and meteorological data, the localized modified InVEST model and geographical detector method were used to simulate the basin water production service, evaluate the spatial differentiation characteristics of water yield, and analyze its spatial heterogeneity attribution. The results show that the change range of water yield in the Qinghai Lake Basin from 1985 to 2020 is 1.168 to 8.152 billion m3. The change trend is obvious, it is the "W" type change trend of falling first and then rising, and then rising after falling; The spatial distribution of water production depth is high in southeast and low in northwest, High-value areas are all concentrated in Haiyan County; On a vertical gradient, Water production capacity decreases with increasing altitude; Geodetection results showed significant differences in the ability of single factorial to explain spatial differentiation of water production services, In different partitions, the explanatory force of climate factors is the most significant; the influence degree of spatial differentiation of water production service is determined by multiple factors, and the interaction explanatory force of precipitation and actual evapotranspiration is the dominant factor. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of Participatory Community Planning on Social-spatial of Community: A Case Study of Collaborative Workshop in Shenjing Village, Guangzhou Zhang Fan, Li Xun SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2022, 42 (12): 2068-2075.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.003 Abstract （421）   HTML （21）    PDF （2376KB）（188）       Knowledge map    Participatory community planning is an important way to solve community development problems. Existing researches mostly focus on the mode and procedure of participatory community planning, but pay insufficient attention to the content and mechanism of participatory community planning affecting social-spatial of community. Based on the theory of spatial production and participatory planning, this paper constructs an analytical framework of the impact of participatory community planning on social-spatial of community. Taking the collaborative workshop of Shenjing village in Guangzhou as an example, this paper discusses the content and mechanism of the impact of participatory community planning on social-spatial of community. The results show that: 1) Participatory community planning affects residents’ participation ability, the publicity of public space and public social life. Among them, residents’ participation ability has been improved in three aspects: cognition, interaction and behavior. The publicity of public space has been reconstructed in function, accessibility and interactivity. Public social life has been integrated in social relations and living space. 2) Participatory community planning achieves the accumulation of social spatial effects on communities by establishing a long-term mechanism of public participation and an action loop based on ‘communication-consensus-action’. In the future, it is necessary to further explain the relationship among intrapersonal, interactional and behavioral ability, and verify the effectiveness of the analytical framework through different types of case studies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Water circulation condition and calculation of water balance in Tianchi Lake of the Changbai Mountains Wang Fugang, Wang Yaohui, Jiang Ming, Wang He, Pan Huilin, Wu Mingjie, Cao Yuqing SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (7): 1291-1298.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.07.016 Abstract （419）   HTML （34）    PDF （1294KB）（229）       Knowledge map    It is of great significance to explore the formation of water resources and the water balance in Tianchi area for the protection of water resources and ecological environment. Based on the topographic and geomorphologic conditions, the special geological lithology and ring-radial fault structure characteristics of Tianchi area, the water circulation conditions and hydrodynamic characteristics of Tianchi Lake were analyzed. The "hydraulic peak elimination" effect of the ring fault structure and the water conduction effect of the radial fault are clarified, and the possibility of groundwater divide expansion in Tianchi recharge area is demonstrated. Based on the analysis of water circulation and hydrodynamic conditions in Tianchi area, and meteorological and hydrological monitoring data of Tianchi area from 2003 to 2020, the water balance of Tianchi Lake was calculated and analyzed based on the water balance method. The results show that the precipitation conditions in Tianchi area can maintain the water level balance of Tianchi Lake. The water balance of annual excretion of 3.6×107m3 of Tianchi Lake can be maintained when the precipitation is within 850-2 200 m from the outside of the surface watershed around Tianchi Lake. The average surface elevation of the water balance area is 125 m higher than that of Tianchi water surface (2 189.7 m). many ring faults and radial faults in Tianchi area. All the above faults are tensile faults. The ring faults all inclined to Tianchi which provided favorable conditions for groundwater recharge to Tianchi Lake. The formation above 1700 m in Tianchi area is mainly composed of pumice rock and pyroclastic rock, mostly of porosity structure and strong permeability. The special geological structure conditions and stratigraphic lithology in Tianchi area make the surface divide around Tianchi not coincide with the underground watershed in the groundwater recharge area. The dominant seepage conditions of the fault structure around Tianchi constitute the "peak elimination" effect of groundwater potential energy. The ring-radial fault structure and the good permeability of the stratum lithology in Tianchi area make it possible to expand the groundwater watershed. Combined the synthetic analysis result of the of water circulation and hydrodynamic conditions in Tianchi area, and meteorological and hydrological monitoring data of Tianchi area from 2003 to 2020, the water balance of Tianchi Lake was calculated and analyzed based on the water balance method. The results show that the precipitation conditions in Tianchi area can maintain the water balance of annual excretion of 3.6×107 m3 of Tianchi Lake. The distance of the water balance zone boundary is within 850-2 200 m from the outside of the surface watershed around Tianchi Lake. The average surface elevation of the water balance area is 125 m higher than that of Tianchi Lake water surface (2 189.7 m). The factors that may affect the calculation result of water balance, such as precipitation, runoff of Tianchi Lake water, calculation parameter value, condensation water amount and evaporation amount, are analyzed and discussed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal pattern of coupling coordination degree between carbon emissions and vegetation cover and its influencing factors of the Yangtze River Delta Liu Chonggang, Sun Wei, Zhang Luocheng SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA    2023, 43 (1): 142-151.   DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.01.015 Abstract （418）   HTML （36）    PDF （2280KB）（219）       Knowledge map    To explore the status of coupled coordination between carbon emissions and vegetation sequestration, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and drivers of coupled coordination between carbon emissions and vegetation sequestration in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2005 to 2017 were analyzed by constructing an evaluation index system and analytical framework, using the integrated index method, coupled coordination degree model and gray correlation degree model, and simulating the influence of government decision priorities on the trend of coupled coordination degree. The results show that the YRD has significant spatial agglomeration characteristics of carbon emissions, basically forming a high-emission belt along the Yangtze River and the southeastern coastal areas of the YRD. The coupling coordination degree of carbon emission and vegetation carbon sequestration has obvious spatially divergent characteristics, showing the characteristics of a circle structure with the general dysfunctional area along Nanjing-Shanghai as the core. The coupling coordination degree is generally higher in the areas where the comprehensive evaluation value of vegetation cover is higher than the comprehensive evaluation value of carbon emission, and the concentration and change of population, urban construction and energy consumption have the greatest influence on the coupling coordination degree. Meanwhile, the priority of government decisions significantly affects the coupling coordination trend. The study can provide feasible references for regional sustainable development and government development model selection. According to the research results of coupling coordination and the analysis of influencing factors, this paper puts forward policy suggestions on the coordination of economic development and ecological environmental protection in the YRD from the aspects of land use structure, industrial development, technological progress and regional coordination. The first is to optimize the spatial structure of regional land use and form a new pattern of efficient development. The second is to promote regional ecological co-protection and governance, and build a new barrier for ecological security. The third is to tap the potential of regional industrial synergy and consolidate the new advantages of innovation and cooperation. The fourth is to strengthen the research and development of green and low-carbon technologies to stimulate new momentum for green development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics