Archive

  • 1998 Volume 18 Issue 6
    Published: 20 November 1998
      

    论文
  • Select all
    |
  • Tan Shukui
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In the summer of 1998, a rarely severe flooding disaster occurred in the Yangtze River basin, which made a great number of farmland submerged, crops damaged and houses collapsed. The main reason of the disaster is the unusual climate and the excessive rainfall. However, people’s behavior, such as cutting down trees, reclaiming and occupying lakes and changing functions of lakes, also aggravated the disaster.This paper analysed the unreasonable land utilization in detail and explored the strategy of land utilization aiming at the sustainable development of the region.
  • Liu Xingtu, Tong Lianjun, Wu Zhijie, Liang Wenju, Bing Yinzhong, Wang Jianguo
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    On the basis of systematic analysis of developing process and cause of grain production in northeast region, according to statistical data, remote sensing survey of resources and environment and field investigation, the latest data of fixed position test, this paper expounds the potentials in such aspects as the platation relating to grain increase and macro-agriculture structure adjustment, middle and low yield farmland transformation, material input for water resource exploitation, scientific techniques and policies input.With the land biological production capacity model and trend it is predicted that the comprehensive production capacity of grain in northeast region in 2010 and 2030 will reach 1023-1038 billion kg and 126.5-133.8 billion kg respectively.Based on two standards of 400kg and 460kg of grain demand per capita, it is predicted that by 2030 the commercial grain provided by this region can meet 50% of grain demand of newly increased population of China.This region has huge potetial of increase grain yield. But there exist a lot of difficulties and problems, mainly poor agricultural infrastructure, low anti-disaster capacity. The following suggestions are made that is, to continue to strengthen input to the policies, materials, techniques and funds for middle and low yield farmland transformation, commercial grain base construction, to carry out "deliver water from north to south" project, stabilize grain sowing area, to establish multiple food production system, to improve agricultural eco-environment, to insist on sustainable development.
  • Yang Guishan
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Developing the Yangtze River and building a developed economic zone along the bank area of the Yangtze River is a great strategic decision of national macroeconomic development distribution. This decision has both given an impetus to fast development of regional economy and exacerbated the problems of economy itself, as well as economy and resources, environment. In this paper, some major problems existing in economic sustainable development, such as scattered industrial structure, duplicated construction of great projects, enlarging developing gap of regional economy and deteriorated environment etc. have been studied. Based on the above analysis, major countermeasures and proposals for increasing the ability of economic sustainable development have been brought out.
  • Yang Shilun, Wang Xingfang
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    As a worldwide authoritative organization, IPCC forecasted in 1990 that the world’s sea level would most probably rise by 0.66m by the end of the 21st century. Combined with the local depression caused by the sink of the earth’s crust and the human activity, the relative sea level in the Changjiang River estuary will rise by about 1. 0m during the same period. Based on this figure, the article forecasted the impacts of sea level rise on the safety coefficient of coastal structures and civil facilities, loss of wetlands, flood disaster as well as salt water intrusion. The results show that: a)40% as large as the present engineering mass should be added to the coastal structures in order to maintain the safety coefficient; b)a dynamic loss of 60 km of wetlands, as much as 15% of the present total area, would be caused; c)to hinder the increase in flood disaster dynamic capacity to drain water must incease by at least 34times as large as the present; d)to maintain the present navigation conditions, about 100 million yuan(RMB)is needed to reconstruct over 3000 bridges and 30 sluices; and e)the disastrous salt water intrusion caused by the sea level rise could be conteracted by increase in water discharge from the Three Gorge Reservior in the dry season.
  • Lu Jinfu, Li Zhimin, Leng Xuetian, Jie Dongmei
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Lake groups in the Songnen Plain are low plain lake groups, which are located in the temperate semihumid area in China. They are characterized by small area, shallow basin, thick density and various types.In the try for classifying comprehensively the lake groups, a classification system is developed based on three main factors, i. e. forming cause, water quantity and water quality. The most internal character can be concisely grasped through three principal indexes and three auxiliary indexes of the three main factors. A simple or complicated changeable path is put forward for further analyzing and outlining these basic types, in the meantime, it’s linking up easily with the classification system of the single factor.According to the regional environment, the regional differences of the type composition and the principal types, the lake groups in the Songnen Plain can be divided into 6 sub-regions.
  • Wang Zhijun, Men Luo, Duo Ge, Zha Tu, Zong Wei
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In a Hani ethnic region of Mengsong area, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, near Burmerse border, there are traditional practices of agriforestry, which are dynamic adaptations to local geographic environment, and social economic conditions. This system works well and does not degrade the environment as long as human population density is low and there is abundant forest land. The Hani people had strong religious and cultural prohibitions a-gainst overcutting and overhunting. They can also manage natural environment and make ecotone habitats to maintain biological diversity. Bird diversity in different areas was obtained, a great deal of biodiversity exists in the place where people have lived for many generations, using the resources of their environment in a sustainable manner. Local people were practicing a traditional way of life in the land, the Hani people keep some areas as traditional conserving forests, in which the natural resources were selectively used with regeneration abilities, they are also as better habitats for birds. The present people are exploiting Mengsong area, the society is changing rapidly as it encounters outside influences, and there are often sharp differences between the older and younger generations. We should pay more attention to the ecological principle of man and land from the traditional practices.
  • Feng Lihua
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The problem of comprehensive forecast of flood-waterlogging year of the Qiantang River Basin is discussed. It has been known that flood-waterlogging year results from comprehensive action of various physical factors. Because these factors have the laws of trend, period and arbitrary change, there are trend, period and arbitrary change components in flood-waterlogging series, hence comprehensively reflecting the process of long period change of flood-waterlogging series Y(t)by means of trend item T(t), period item P(t)and arbitrary item A(t)has been put forward: Y(t)=T(t)+ P(t)+ A(t)(t=1, 2,…). The result indicates that it is feasible that the process of long period change of flood-waterlogging year of the Qiantang River Basin is researched by means of comprehensive method, and the effect of comprehensive forecast model put forward is comparatively good. Therefore comprehensive forecast by means of change process of flood-waterlogging series itself is a comparatively effective way, which is of actual significance for flood-waterlogging prevention and sustainable development in the basin.
  • Wang Quan, Yang Zhengyu, Sun Guangyou
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Solar radiation is the ultimate energy source for ecosystems and the base for all ecological processes. The radiation in the relief area will be obviously affected by the terrain. SUNLIGHT model takes such topographic effect into account in detail and can be used to calculate the solar radiation including direct, diffusive and reflective radiation of each point within a watershed scale. The model first calculates the topographic parameters such as slope, azimuth, view factor and sheltering angle of each point in a watershed based on DEM, then decides the sun rising and sun setting time angles of each point by comparing the angles calcualted from sun orbital equations for any slope and aspect and the sheltering angle in the sun rising and sun setting direction. The direct solar radiation can be calculated after getting the actual sun rising and setting angles of each point. The diffusive and reflective radiation can be simply calculated by using topobraphic parameters and actual survey data of a flat area site without topographic effect.Da’an paleochannel region is a newly found paleochannel in the Songnen Plain. It is the current most promising barren area that can be reclaimed. The paper applies the SUNLIGHT model in this region to know the detail spatial distribution of solar radiation. The results show that the possible direct radiation on May 15, 1994 was about 8.483 MG/m2 with normal deviation of 2.041 MJ/m2. Though the radiation distributes more evenly than in other relief area, it will be changed sharply in the slope area. The regression function between the direct solar radiation and topographic parameters can be represented as:
    Sdr = 0.002H-3.435α + 0.029β + 20.498VF-11.71
    (R-0.41)
    where H,α, β and VF represent altitude, slope, azimuth and view factor respectively. And PCA analysis shows the most important topographic factors that affect direct solar radiation in this area are view factor and slope. Their correlative coefficients with the first axis are 0.332 and-0.29 respectively. The results of the model have indicted that it can give a precise calculation for the distribution of solar radiation and thus provide the background for further study.
  • Huang Zhiliang, Yin Li
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Tourist behavior law is one aspect of tourism geography. Travel, board, lodging, sightseeing, recreation and shopping are the concret behavior of tourists, so they should be one of the study contents of tourist behavior law. They are closely related with the two-way "guide" of tourism map, and also the main implication of tourism map. Tourist behavior "guide" tourism map compilation, and tourism map "guide" the implementation of tourist behavior. Therefore, the study on tourist behavior law is significant for tourism map compilation and products development.
  • Zhang Jingxiang
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    By probing some ideas existing in the current urbanization research field in China, this article truly puts forward the inquisitive opinion with respect to the urbanization progress in China, urban scale, transferspace of urbanization and suburbanization, etc.. It indicates that the urbanization shall abide by the economic laws, but bring the appropriate adjustment and control by the government into play as well; the urbanization shall not be limited to the western pattern and simple phenomeninal analysis, but to pursue the virtually healthy, orderly and sustainable development of cities is the main aim for urbanization.
  • Zhang Keli, K. Hosoyamada
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this paper, splash erosion process and its relation to slope gradient were studied under simulated rainfall, characteristics of splash erosion process and associated reasons were analyzed through a consideration of splash erosion rate in all directions and interactions among factors affacting splash erosion. On the basis of results from regression analysis, quantitative fomula for splash erosion modeling related to slope gradient were derived.
  • 论文
  • 论文
    Lu Guonian, Qian Yadong, Chen Zhongming
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    The extraction of continuous shoulder line of valley having precise location is the key technique to the construction of spatial distribution mechanism-course models such as soil erosion, sediment transportation and runoff course in gully area in the Loess Plateau. The extraction technique presented in this paper is a morphologically based method utilizing finite morphologic elements to define the topographical structure. In this paper, the authors present an algorithm by which the drainage network and the continuous shoulder line of valley is extracted automatically from the DEM of Wangjiagou in Lishi, Shanxi, which is located in gully area in the Loess Plateau, and the final result is in accordance with the real condition of the experiment area.

  • 论文
    Wang Qiao, Mao Feng
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    Based on the analysis on general features of regional sustainable development system, this paper discusses the superiority, potentiality and problems in the research of regional sustainable development using system dynamics, and proposes some concrete ways to resolve existing problems, at the same time, a method frame work of using and expanding system dynamics to research regional sustainable development is given.

  • 论文
    Zhang Shuqing, Chen Chun, Wan Enpu
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    Taking Lishu County as an example, this paper states the way of maize yield estimation of meteorology by gray model, which includes the methods to forecast the tendency yield by GM(1, 1)model, to figure out the dominant meteorological factors affacting meteorological yield through gray-relative-degree analysis, to foreshow the meteorological yield by GM(1, N)and so on.