利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2002.06.705

地理科学 ›› 2002, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 705-711.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2002.06.705

利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究

章文波, 谢云, 刘宝元

北京师范大学资源与环境科学系, 北京 100875

收稿日期:2001-08-28 修回日期:2002-01-30 出版日期:2002-11-20 发布日期:2002-11-20
基金资助:
国家杰出青年基金项目(49725103)、北京师范大学青年科学基金.

Rainfall Erosivity Estimation Using Daily Rainfall Amounts

ZHANG Wen-Bo, XIE Yun, LIU Bao-Yuan

Department of Resource and Environment Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875

Received:2001-08-28 Revised:2002-01-30 Online:2002-11-20 Published:2002-11-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 降雨侵蚀力反映由降雨引起的土壤侵蚀的潜在能力,是建立通用土壤流失方程的最基本因子之一。由于以降雨侵蚀力指标计算侵蚀力的方法很难获得所需资料,利用全国71个代表性气象站资料,建立了利用日雨量估算降雨侵蚀力的简易算法模型,并进一步提出了模型的参数估计方法。结果表明日雨量侵蚀力模型完全能够用于估算多年平均降雨侵蚀力及其季节分布,并且模型计算侵蚀力的精度与所在区域降雨特征有关。在降雨量较丰富地区模型表现相对更好,且对于短历时、高强度降雨产生的侵蚀,模型估算的侵蚀力可能会有一定程度偏低。

Abstract: Rainfall erosivity shows the potential ability of the soil loss caused by rainfall and it is very important for predicting soil loss quantitatively. A rainfall erosivity model using daily rainfall amounts to estimate half-month rainfall erosivity directly was established from data of 71 weather stations in China. The average coefficient of determination for all stations was 0.718 and the average relative error estimating the annual average rainfall erosivity was 4.2%. Both parameters of α and β in the model were different in different regions. The parameter α was high correlative with parameter β and parameter β was related to rainfall characteristics, so both parameters could be estimated by using rainfall indexes. With the set of parameter values estimated by using rainfall indexs,the average coefficient of determination decreased to 0.697 and the average relative error estimating the annual average rainfall erosivity increased to 17.3%. The model worked very well in the regions where the rainfall was abundant and the result was on the low side when extreme storm erosivty was estimated. The daily rainfall erosivity model could be used to estimate the annual average rainfall erosivity and its seasonal distribution.

中图分类号:

S157.1

章文波, 谢云, 刘宝元. 利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(6): 705-711.

ZHANG Wen-Bo, XIE Yun, LIU Bao-Yuan. Rainfall Erosivity Estimation Using Daily Rainfall Amounts[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2002, 22(6): 705-711.

参考文献

[1] Wischmeier W H, Smith D D. Predicting rainfall erosion losses: A guide to conservation planning[M]. Agriculture Handbook, 1978. No. 537. USDA,
[2] Renard K G, Foster G R, Weesies G A,et al. Predicting soil Erosion By Walter: A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)[M]. National Technical Information Service, USDA,1997.
[3] Knisel W G. CREAMS: Afield Scale Model for Chemicals, runoff, and Erosions from Agricultural Management Systems[M]. Conservation Research Report No.26, USDA.
[4] Young R A, et al. AGNPS: A nonpoint source pollution model for evaluating agricultural watersheds[J]. Soil and Water Conservation Society, 1989,44(2): 168-173.
[5] Wischmeie W H. A rainfall rrosion index for a universal soil loss equation[J]. Soil Science Society Proceedings, 1959,23(3): 246-249.
[6] 王万中,焦菊英,郝小品,等. 中国降雨侵蚀力R值的计算与分布(I)[J]. 水土保持学报,1995,9(4):5~18.
[7] Ferro V, Porto P, Yu B. A comparative study of rainfall erosivity estimation for southern Italy and southeastern Australia[J]. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 1999, 44(1):3-24.
[8] Renard K G, Freimund J R. Using Monthly Precipitation Data to Estimate the R-factor in the Revised USLE[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1994, 157:287-306.
[9] Yu B,Rosewell C J. A robust estimat of the R-factor for the universal soil loss equation[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1996,39(2):559-561.
[10] 张宪奎,许谨华,卢秀琴,等. 黑龙江省土壤流失方程的研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 1992, 12(4):1~9.
[11] 吴素业. 安徽大别山降雨侵蚀力简易算法与时空分布规律研究[J]. 中国水土保持, 1994, (4):12~13.
[12] 周伏建,陈明华,林福兴,等. 福建省降雨侵蚀力指标R值[J]. 水土保持学报, 1995, 9(1):13~18.
[13] Richardson C W, Foster G R, Wright D A. Estimation of erosion index from daily rainfall amount[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1983,26(1): 153-156.
[14] Haith D A, Merrill D E. Evaluation of a daily erosivity model[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1987, 30(1):90-93.
[15] Sheridan J M, Davis F M, Mester M L,et al. Seasonal distribution of rainfall erosiovity in peninsular Florida[J]. Transactions of the ASAE,1989,32(5):1555-1560.
[16] Selker J S, Haith D A, Reynolds J E. Calibration and testing of a daily rainfall erosivity model[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1990,33(5):1612-1688.
[17] Bagarello V, D'Asaro F. Estimation single storm erosion index[J]. Transactions of the ASAE,1994, 37(3):785-791.
[18] Elsenbeer H, Cassel D K, Tinner W. A daily rainfall erosivity model for western Amazonia[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1993, 48(5):439-444.
[19] Yu B. Rainfall erosivity and its estimation for Australia's tropics[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research,1998,36(1):143-165.
[20] 中国气象局(编制). 中国气候资源地图集[M]. 北京: 地图出版社,1994.
[21] 谢云,刘宝元,章文波. 侵蚀性降雨标准研究[J]. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,2000, 14(4):6~11.
[22] Myers R H. Classical and modern regression with application[M]. Boston,MS: PWS Publishers,1986.
[23] 谢云,章文波,刘宝云.用日雨量和日雨强计算降雨侵蚀力[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(6): 53~56.
[24] 袁建平,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域降雨入渗产流点面转化[J].地理科学,2001,21(3): 262~266.
[25] 张燕,等.人类干扰对土壤侵蚀及土壤质量的影响[J].地理科学,2002, 22(3): 335~340.
[26] 盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅. 概率论与数理统计[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,1994. 200~202.
[27] 王万中,焦菊英. 中国的土壤侵蚀因子定量评价研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 1996,16(5):1~20.

利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究

Rainfall Erosivity Estimation Using Daily Rainfall Amounts

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	张传才, 秦奋, 王海鹰, 李宁, 李阳. 砒砂岩区地貌形态三维分形特征量化及空间变异[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(1): 142-148.
[2]	赵平伟, 郭萍. 1980~2013年滇西北地区降雨侵蚀力变化特征[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(10): 1306-1311.
[3]	汪言在, 苟诗薇. 重庆市降雨侵蚀力空间格局及其变化[J]. 地理科学, 2013, 33(1): 116-122.
[4]	王仁德, 邹学勇, 赵婧妍. 半湿润地区农田土壤粉尘释放的风洞模拟研究[J]. 地理科学, 2012, 32(11): 1364-1369.
[5]	杨育红, 阎百兴, 沈波, 曹会聪. ¹³⁷Cs示踪技术在黑土区农业非点源污染负荷研究中的应用[J]. 地理科学, 2010, 30(1): 124-128.
[6]	闫业超, 张树文, 岳书平. 克拜东部黑土区侵蚀沟遥感分类与空间格局分析[J]. 地理科学, 2007, 27(2): 193-199.
[7]	郭旭东, 邱扬, 连纲, 王静. 基于"压力-状态-响应"框架的县级土地质量评价指标研究[J]. 地理科学, 2005, 25(5): 579-583.
[8]	王小丹, 钟祥浩, 范建容, 李辉霞. 金沙江干热河谷元谋盆地冲沟沟头形态学特征研究[J]. 地理科学, 2005, 25(1): 63-67.
[9]	罗利芳, 张科利, 李双才. 撂荒后黄土高原坡耕地土壤透水性和抗冲性的变化[J]. 地理科学, 2003, 23(6): 728-733.
[10]	郑粉莉, 高学田. 坡面土壤侵蚀过程研究进展[J]. 地理科学, 2003, 23(2): 230-235.
[11]	赵善伦, 尹民, 张伟. GIS支持下的山东省土壤侵蚀空间特征分析[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(6): 694-699.
[12]	卢金发, 刘爱霞. 黄河中游降雨特性对泥沙粒径的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(5): 552-556.
[13]	符素华, 刘宝元, 吴敬东, 段淑怀. 北京地区坡面径流计算模型的比较研究[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(5): 604-609.
[14]	赵烨, 海春兴, 刘霄, 刘海鹏. 滦河源区东沟小流域土壤风蚀特征分析[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(4): 436-440.
[15]	张光辉, 刘国彬. 黄土丘陵区小流域土壤表面特性变化规律研究[J]. 地理科学, 2001, 21(2): 118-122.