利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2002.06.705

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 降雨侵蚀力反映由降雨引起的土壤侵蚀的潜在能力,是建立通用土壤流失方程的最基本因子之一。由于以降雨侵蚀力指标计算侵蚀力的方法很难获得所需资料,利用全国71个代表性气象站资料,建立了利用日雨量估算降雨侵蚀力的简易算法模型,并进一步提出了模型的参数估计方法。结果表明日雨量侵蚀力模型完全能够用于估算多年平均降雨侵蚀力及其季节分布,并且模型计算侵蚀力的精度与所在区域降雨特征有关。在降雨量较丰富地区模型表现相对更好,且对于短历时、高强度降雨产生的侵蚀,模型估算的侵蚀力可能会有一定程度偏低。

Abstract: Rainfall erosivity shows the potential ability of the soil loss caused by rainfall and it is very important for predicting soil loss quantitatively. A rainfall erosivity model using daily rainfall amounts to estimate half-month rainfall erosivity directly was established from data of 71 weather stations in China. The average coefficient of determination for all stations was 0.718 and the average relative error estimating the annual average rainfall erosivity was 4.2%. Both parameters of α and β in the model were different in different regions. The parameter α was high correlative with parameter β and parameter β was related to rainfall characteristics, so both parameters could be estimated by using rainfall indexes. With the set of parameter values estimated by using rainfall indexs,the average coefficient of determination decreased to 0.697 and the average relative error estimating the annual average rainfall erosivity increased to 17.3%. The model worked very well in the regions where the rainfall was abundant and the result was on the low side when extreme storm erosivty was estimated. The daily rainfall erosivity model could be used to estimate the annual average rainfall erosivity and its seasonal distribution.

中图分类号:

S157.1

章文波, 谢云, 刘宝元. 利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(6): 705-711.

ZHANG Wen-Bo, XIE Yun, LIU Bao-Yuan. Rainfall Erosivity Estimation Using Daily Rainfall Amounts[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2002, 22(6): 705-711.

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