Abstract: Under the economic globalization, the developmental level and ability of science and technology become critical factors affecting the economic competitiveness of a country or a region. Therefore, the development of western China can be achieved by close combination of science and technology with economic development. In fact, only by developing the new & high tech industries and by adopting them into traditional industries as soon as possible, the traditional economy in the Western China could be transformed successfully. Moreover, the development of new & high tech industries in the Western China can make these areas just break through the limitation of traditional factors influencing the social and economic development level and provide them new opportunities for jumping-up development that will contribute much to narrow regional disparity within China. Based upon the analysis of the current situation and comparative advantages of new & high tech industry development in the Western China, strategic orientations and key fields of new & high tech industries are put forward. It suggests that the developmental strategies of high-tech industries in the Western China should put emphasis on three facets as: 1) accelerating the development of new & high tech industries combining with the local advantages; 2) upgrading traditional industries by new & high tech, such as advanced manufacturing; 3) improving modern producer-service industries. From spatial perspective, the development of new & high tech industries in Western China should rely on rational distributions of related sectors in core cities, such as Xi’an, Chengdu, Chongqing, etc. as well as in high-tech parks. Furthermore, suggestions to policy-makers of how to achieve successful development of new & high tech industries in western China are provided.