北京密云水库小流域非点源污染负荷估算

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2004.02.227

地理科学 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 227-231.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2004.02.227

北京密云水库小流域非点源污染负荷估算

王晓燕¹, 王晓峰¹, 汪清平¹, 王振刚¹, 蔡新广²

1. 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100037;
2. 北京市密云县水土保持工作站, 北京 101500

收稿日期:2003-04-20 修回日期:2003-09-10 出版日期:2004-03-20 发布日期:2004-03-20
基金资助:
北京市科技新星计划(953810300)、教育部高等学校骨干教师计划(518)资助。

Loss of Non-point Source Pollutants from Shixia Small Watershed, Miyun Reservoir, Beijing

WANG Xiao-Yan¹, WANG Xiao-Feng¹, WANG Qing-Ping¹, Wang Zhen-Gang¹, CAI Xin-Guang²

1. College of Resource, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037;
2. Soil Conservation Station of Miyun County, Beijing 101500

Received:2003-04-20 Revised:2003-09-10 Online:2004-03-20 Published:2004-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据不同类型的非点源污染发生区,选择若干径流小区,进行降雨、径流量、径流水质同步监测,分析不同土地利用类型小区地表径流和泥沙中氮、磷的流失情况。根据地貌特征和土地利用情况,利用通用土壤流失方程和SCS法分别计算不同土地利用类型区土壤侵蚀量和径流量,分析氮、磷的流失特点。结果表明:坡耕地和荒草坡单位面积土壤流失量比较严重;村庄中溶解态氮的流失量最多;村庄和坡耕地是氮、磷流失的重点区域。

Abstract: Nitrogen and phosphorus, coming mainly from non-point sources (NPS), are major nutrients to cause eutrophication to degrade water quality of Miyun Reservoir, and the only source of surface drinking water in Beijing, China. Based on the land use and geographical condition, the research area is classified into different types of non-point source areas as follows: agricultural land, forestland, orchard, garigue and village. Several runoff units of various land use areas are selected to monitor rainfall, runoff and water quality synchronously for nutrient loss from runoff and sediment at various land use areas. On the basis of geomorphic and land use, this small watershed is divided into several plots. Using USLE equation and SCS runoff curve, soil erosion mount and runoff of each plot are calculated. Considering the actual concentration of nutrient, loading of nutrient of surface runoff and sediment are estimated. The results show that TP, TN concentrations of diffuse samples from villages and livestock units are nearly 10 times of that in other land use areas. High nutrient loads are associated with village land use, which has improper livestock breeding. These areas should be treated as critical areas of non-point source pollution. Different land use influences intensively the loss of pollutants, especially slope tilling in agricultural land. The amount of nutrient loss from per agricultural land and orchard is the highest, then is that from garigue. Nutrient is enriched in sediment. Phosphorus is migrated with sediment, while the dissoluble form in runoff is very little. Being carrier of loss nutrients, the fine particles are thought to be the controlling focus.

中图分类号:

X144

王晓燕, 王晓峰, 汪清平, 王振刚, 蔡新广. 北京密云水库小流域非点源污染负荷估算[J]. 地理科学, 2004, 24(2): 227-231.

WANG Xiao-Yan, WANG Xiao-Feng, WANG Qing-Ping, Wang Zhen-Gang, CAI Xin-Guang. Loss of Non-point Source Pollutants from Shixia Small Watershed, Miyun Reservoir, Beijing[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2004, 24(2): 227-231.

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北京密云水库小流域非点源污染负荷估算

Loss of Non-point Source Pollutants from Shixia Small Watershed, Miyun Reservoir, Beijing

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