中文旅游网站的空间类型及发展战略研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2004.04.493

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文章通过对网上调查统计和旅游网站特征指数(TWCI)的设计及其分析,描述了中国旅游网站的空间分布类型并分析了其影响因子。结果表明国内旅游网站的空间分布存在差异,而区域旅游网站发展规模数量与区域社会经济基础、网络技术基础背景以及区域旅游发展的区域分异具有较大的一致性。文章利用TWCI进行了分区并提出了中国旅游网站的若干发展策略。

Abstract: This is a case study of information geography or cybergeography with case of Chinese Tourism Websites (CTW).In this paper, with online statistics and analysis using the Tourism Websites Characteristic Indices (TWCI), the spatial distribution of CTW was described, and its zoning were analyzed. The regional TWCI is defined as the ratio of the total number of the regional tourism websites linked to the main engine website divided by total number of the regional domains as a whole with a multiplied coefficient of 100. With TWCI it is easy to revealing the characteristic informationized regions like Yunnan with well development tourism websites in China, which was difficult to revealed with normal indices like total number of domains or tourism websites. It is proposed that the distribution of CTW in China is spatially differentiated, and the total number of regional CTW is related to the levels of regional social economic background, internet techniques foundation and the status of regional tourism development. With investigation of some populated CTW, it is shown that the website covered all aspects of tourism operation sectors, and two types of CTW, i.e., hotel website and travel service website, become the main composition of CTW. Concerning with total number of CTW and the TWCI, all provinces can be classified into 5 groups, i.e., the synthesized type of region like Beijing, the imformationized type of region like Yunan and Hainan, the distributing type of region like Guangdong Province and Shanghai, the relatively developed type of region like Jiangsu, Zhejiang and the less developed but with superior attraction type of region like Tibet, Guizhou and Jiangxi. With regression analysis, the total number of CTW is related to the total number of regional domains with correlation coefficient R larger than 0.867 and an identified efficient model. And the number of CTW is also related to the total number of regional hotels and the number of regional travel services with R of 0.898 and a tested efficient linear regression model. Moreover, we also analyzed the relationship of CTW to integrated background of internet technique and the developing level of regional tourism, with result that the total number of CTW is related to numbers of domain and the total number of tourism units (Hotels and Travel Services), with R of 0.935 and a test-passed linear regression model.

中图分类号:

F590

张捷, 刘泽华, 解杼, 都金康, 张进. 中文旅游网站的空间类型及发展战略研究[J]. 地理科学, 2004, 24(4): 493-499.

ZHANG Jie, LIU Ze-Hua, XIE Shu, DU Jing-Kang, ZHANG Jin. On Types of the Spacial Distribution of Chinese Tourist Website[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2004, 24(4): 493-499.

参考文献

[1] Frew A (ed). Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism[M]. Wien & New York: Springer. 2004.633.
[2] 张捷:信息时代科技发展、新旅游及旅游规划[J].安徽师范大学学报, 2003,26(4):391~395.
[3] 张捷、温明华、吕菽菲.知识经济与21世纪的旅游、闲暇业[J],旅游学刊,1998,13(4):45~47.
[4] 张捷都金康周寅康.信息时代地理空间的历史定位及空间联通性初探[J].经济地理,1997,10(全国7届青年地理大会专刊):11~17.
[5] 张捷顾朝林都金康.计算机网络信息空间的人文地理学研究进展与展望[J].地理科学,2000,20(4):368~374.
[6] Goodman SE Press LI Ruth SR et al. The global diffusion of the internet: patterns and problems[Z].文献见网址:http://som.csudh.edu/cis/lpress/sy.htm
[7] Antonell C. Induced adoption and externalities in the regional diffusion of information technology[J]. Regional Studies. 1990, 24(1):31-40.
[8] Wheeler J & Mitchelaon RL. Information flow among major metr- opolitan areas in the United States[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1989,79(4): 523-543.
[9] Fotheringham, AS. Spatial flows and spatial patterns[J]. Environment and Planning A, 1984, 16: 529-543.
[10] Moss ML Townsend AM. Spatial analysis of the internet in U.S. cities and states[J]. 1998. 文献见于网址:http://urban.nyu.edu/research/newcastle/newcastle.html.
[11] Bryan D. Extensions to the Hub Location Problems: formulations and Numerical examples[J]. Geographical Analysis.1998, 30(4):314-330.
[12] Murnion S & Healey RG. Modeling distance decay effects in web server information flows[J]. Geographical Analysis. 1998, 30(4): 285-302.
[13] Mitchelson, RL & Wheeler, JO. The flow of information in a global economy: The role of the American Urban System in 1990[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1994, 84(1): 87-107.
[14] Flower J. Internet Economy: the coming of digital business era[M]. New York: Worldwide Concert. 1997.
[15] Brunn SD Cottle CD. Small state and cyberboosterism[J]. Geographical Review, 1997, 87(2): 240-258.
[16] 美国商务部.浮现中的数字经济(姜奇平等译).北京:中国人民大学出版社.1998,314pp.
[17] Kitchin R. Cyberspace. The world in the wires[M]. London: Wiley. 1998, 228.
[18] Wheeler DC, O'Kelly ME. Network Topology and City Accessibility of the Commercial Internet[J]. Professional Geographer, 1999, 51(3):327-339.
[19] Hepworth ME. Geography of the information economy[M]. New York: Guilord. 1990.
[20] Green AE, Howells JR. Information service and spatial development in the UK economy[J]. Tijdschrift voor ecnomische en sociale geografie, 1988, 79(4): 266-277.
[21] Adams P. Network topologies and virtual place[J]. Annals of American Association of eographers, 1998, 88(10): 88-106.
[22] Huib E, Jaeger C(ed). Information society and spatial structure[M]. London: Belhaven. 1989.
[23] Castells, Manuel. The Informational City: Information Technology, Economic Restructuring, and the Urban-Regional Process[M]. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. 1989.
[24] Machlup F, Mansfields U. Cultural Diversity in Studies of Information. In:Fritz Machlup and Una Mansfield: The Study of information: interdisciplinary messages. New York: Wiley, 1983.
[25] Castells, M. The Rise of the Network Society[Z]. (The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, Vol.1). London and Oxford: Blackwell, 1996.
[26] Jones S(edt). Virtual Culture-identity and communication in cybersociety[M]. London: Sage Pubns.1997.
[27] Kitchin RM: Towards geography of cyberspace[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 1998, 22:285-406.
[28] 第十三次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告,2004,1,http://www.cnnic.net/download/manual/statisticalreport13th.pdf.
[29] Schertler,W.. Tourism 2000 – an information business. In: Schertler, W., Schmid. B.. Tjoa. A.M. and Werthner. H. (eds) Proceedings of ENTER – International Conference on Information and Communications Technologies in Tourism. Vienna, New York: Springer – Verlag, 1994 pp. 20-26.
[30] Zhang J Lu SF Liu ZH et al, Regional Differentiation of Chinese Tourism Web sites. In Frew A (ed). Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism (Springer Computer Sciences). Wien & New York: Springer. 2004:391- 400.
[31] 张捷,甘萌雨,盛莉莉.互联网时代的地理学展望. 李小建主编:区域研究新透视.郑州:河南大学出版社,1999.61~68.
[32] 魏然, 娄明,等. 旅游观光上网入门[M].北京:中国社会出版社,1999. 203~209.
[33] Zhan Junchuan. On-Line Marketing in Tourism: A Survey of Tourism Enterprises in Mainland China. Proceedings of Fifth Conference of Asia Pacific Tourism Association. Vol.Ⅱ. p631-636.
[34] 张捷,都金康,张兆干,等. 网上"情绪符号"(Smilies)的地理学研究[J].2002, 5. 南京林业大学学报(人文社科版).
[35] Zheng X Fesenmaier DR. Interface metaphors and their roles in travel related websites. In Frew A (ed): Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism (Springer Computer Sciences). Wien & New York: Springer. 2004:184-194.