Abstract: Black soils are main agricultural soils in Northeast China and the organic matter content of these soils has been one of the hot research topics for many years. By referencing the data and sampling locations in the Second National Soil Surveys of Jilin Province conducted in the 1980s, we re-sampled 27 black soils along the Jing-Ha (Beijing-Harbin) railway in central Jilin. The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen of those soils were determined and compared in pair with the data measured 20 years ago on an equivalent depth. We found that 2-decades intensive farming affected differently the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen, with increasing for some soils and decreasing for others. However, there was no significant difference in overall average of soil organic matter. By comparing the results with other studies, we believe that the present corn dominated production has balanced soil organic matter level of black soils through roots alone in areas where soil erosion was not a problem. However, the soils that organic matter decreased during the past two decades might be subject to severe soil erosion. During the same time, some black soils gained organic matter.