Abstract: The development of town system may be used to indicate the land exploitation in the Northeast China during the Qing Dynasty because the towns were set to be the location of the administrations such as counties, districts, or provinces that managed the farmers who exploited the land.There were four phases in the course of town system development during the Qing Dynasty when the towns were set quickly in the Northeast China, which indicated there were four times tidal waves of land exploitation.The town system expended spatially from the south to the north, and from the middle part along the Shenyang-Jilin, Changchun Harbin to the east and the west parts of the Northeast China, corresponding to the four fast increased phases in town numbers, which indicated the exploited area jumpingly extended from the south to the north.And the land exploitation in the Northeast China Plain was earlier than other sides, which is similar to the evolvement of town system.It shows that the land exploitation is limited and affected by natural area’s conditions, landform and policy.