Abstract: As a disciplinary of studying the temporal and spatial changing regulation of natural and human elements on the earth surface, geography has the attributes of both natural and social science when facing the worldwide scientific problems of global change and sustainable development. On the base of fully reviewing and studing the development of geography in the 20 century, the author made a prospect of the development of geography in China, and make points that, to advance the development of geography in new century, the following aspects must be paid great attention: 1) the development of geography in China must absorb the latest thoughts, theories and results overseas; 2) to construct the geography of Chinese characteristics, and pay more attention to the development of basic theories; 3) geography should play a great role in field of application research and basic research, and make breakthrough in integration research; 4) to enhance the development of weak branches in the geography, and initiatively adapt to the development of our modernization; and 5) to intensify the theory and methods study of the geographic information systems, and search new application technology, models in analyzing the geo-space information.