地理科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 253-258.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2008.02.253

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古高原东南部森林-草原交错带的地形-气候-植被格局和植被恢复对策

何思源, 刘鸿雁, 任佶, 印轶   

  1. 北京大学城市与环境学院生态学系, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2007-04-07 修回日期:2007-09-08 出版日期:2008-03-20 发布日期:2008-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘鸿雁, 教授。 E-mail:lhy@urban.pku.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:何思源(1984-), 女, 山西太原人, 硕士研究生, 从事植被生态学研究。E-mail: syhe0915@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40471123)资助。

Landform-climate-vegetation Patterns and Countermeasures for Vegetation Rehabilitation of Forest-steppe Ecotone on Southeastern Inner Mongolia Plateau

HE Si-Yuan, LIU Hong-Yan, REN Ji, YIN Yi   

  1. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:2007-04-07 Revised:2007-09-08 Online:2008-03-20 Published:2008-03-20

摘要: 探讨内蒙古高原东南缘森林-草原交错带地形-气候-植被格局,表明植被分布受气候和地形综合影响,在区域尺度上,随降水量减少阔叶林逐步由桦林向栎林、山杨林转变,针叶林更为接近森林旱极;在局地尺度上,阔叶林多分布在蒸发微弱、土壤容重较小的陡阴坡,草原分布在对应的阳坡上,非地带性榆树疏林分布在毛管作用微弱、蒸发小的沙地上。交错带植被建设应在降水量允许范围内优先考虑针叶树;其次要考虑坡向、坡位对土壤水分条件的影响,森林应尽量栽植在坡度10°~40°的阴坡;在区域和局地尺度上都应注意造林密度以及乔灌草结合,沙地不宜栽植密林。

Abstract: The landform-climate-vegetation patterns of forest-steppe ecotone on the southeast of Inner Mongolia Plateau were revealed and the result showed that vegetation distribution was affected by the combination of climate and landform. Regionally, forest community type changed along precipitation gradient from reletively humid areas to arid areas as birch, oak and popular forest, and needle leaved forest was distributed closer to forest drought limit. Locally, broad-leaved forest was distributed mostly on shady slope where evaporation was weak and soil bulk density was low and steppe on sunny slope with strong evaporation. Elm woodland was distributed on sandy land with weak capillary force and little evaporation. Based on these results, we pointed out that first, regionally when choosing tree species, their individualistic precipitation limitation should be in primary consideration; second, in microzone with the range of appropriate precipitation, considering the effects of slope aspect on soil water condition, forest should be nourished on shady slope with an angle of 10 to 40 degree; third, local species, forest density and combination of tree, shrub and grass must be taken into account on both regional and local scale, and it is inappropriate to grow dense forest on sandy land.

中图分类号: 

  • P948.2