Abstract: Vulnerability is an important theoretical tool on researching vulnerability and of man-land system. The paper put forward the connotation of economic system vulnerability of mining city through applying vulnerability to economic system of mining city. It analyses the characteristic and influencing factor vulnerability, takes a case study on Liaoyuan city in Jilin province. The vulnerability, sensibility and resilience of economic system of Liaoyuan city is evaluated on the base of 18 evaluation samples from 1990 to 2007. The results show that: the sensibility and vulnerability is decreasing and the resilience is increasing in wave style in the whole development process. The process is divided in three stages: the stage of the high vulnerability with high sensibility and low resilience from 1990 to 1994; the stage of the moderate vulnerability with high sensibility and moderate resilience from 1995 to 1999; the stage of the low vulnerability with low sensibility and high resilience from 2000 to 2007. Finally, the paper put forward the countermeasures of economic system vulnerability of Liaoyuan city: optimizing the industrial structure and layout, improving the quality of its industry; expanding the financing channels, strengthening mechanism of external aid developing private economy, strengthening economic vitality; reinforcing to develop human capital, enhancing economic innovation capability etc.