地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2009, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 929-937.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2009.06.929

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

从祠堂视角看明至民国初期佛山宗族文化景观的流变和社会文化空间分异

李凡1, 朱竑2,3, 黄维1   

  1. 1. 佛山科学技术学院旅游系, 广东 佛山 528000;
    2. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院, 广东 广州 510275;
    3. 华南师范大学地理科学学院, 广东 广州 510631
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-18 修回日期:2009-08-19 出版日期:2009-11-20 发布日期:2009-11-20
  • 作者简介:李凡(1968- ),男,广东梅县人,教授,博士,主要从事区域文化地理等方面的研究。E-mail:fslifan@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目(2005B31001001);国家自然科学基金项目(40771067、40601033);广东省普通高校人文社会科学研究重点项目(05ZD790008);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-07-0889)

Change and Social-cultural Spatial Differentiation in Clan Cultural Landscape in Foshan from the Ming Dynasty to Early Republic of China—A Perspective of Ancestral Halls

LI Fan1, ZHU Hong2,3, HUANG Wei1   

  1. 1. Tourism Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000;
    2. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275;
    3. College of Geography Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
  • Received:2009-03-18 Revised:2009-08-19 Online:2009-11-20 Published:2009-11-20

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摘要： 明以来佛山逐渐形成八图土著宗族文化景观和侨寓宗族文化景观并存的格局,对佛山城市空间发展产生影响。通过从古地图和文献中提取历史时期基本空间数据和祠堂等文化景观地理信息,建立佛山历史GIS数据库。以此为基础,通过景观复原、地图再现、空间分析和景观分析等方法,以祠堂景观为视角,解读明至民国初期佛山宗族文化景观时空演变及其所意涵的社会文化空间意义。结果表明:①宋元时期祠堂主要集中在佛山南部大塘涌沿岸,反映出宋代涌入佛山的移民早期多定居在南部;②明代佛山镇祠堂数量急增,表现出聚落空间由南部向中部扩展的趋势,祠堂景观基本形成了以南部的锦澜、东头、栅下铺和中部的祖庙、黄伞铺为中心的空间格局;③清以后祠堂景观总体空间格局没有大变化,但八图土著宗族内部产生的裂变促使土著祠堂景观发生空间扩散。土著祠堂与侨寓祠堂景观空间上既互补又相互混杂,说明随着侨寓的大量进入,土著传统血缘空间被打破,地缘、业缘等因素增强,这正适应了佛山城市化发展的大趋势。

Abstract: Since the Ming Dynasty, co-existence of two types of clan cultural landscape, eight Tu aboriginal clan cultural landscape and immigrant clan cultural landscape, has gradually formed in Foshan and influenced the development of urban spaces in Foshan.The paper, by extracting geographical information on cultural landscape such as the ancestral halls and basic spatial data of different historical periods from ancient maps and historical literature, establishes a historical GIS database for Foshan.Based on it and a review of historical literature, the paper takes the perspective of the ancestral halls in the interpretation of socio-cultural spatial meanings connoted in the temporal-spatial changes occurred in clan cultural landscape in Foshan from the Ming Dynasty to early Republic of China by the means of landscape reconstruction, map revisualization, spatial analysis and landscape analysis.The paper finds that:(1)most of the ancestral halls during the Song and Yuan Dynasties were concentrated along the shores of Datangchong , south of Foshan, which indicates that immigrants pouring into Foshan in the Song Dynasty were usually settled down at first in the southern part;(2)ancestral halls in Foshan in the Ming Dynasty increased quickly in number and displayed a south-to-centre tendency in the expansion of gathering space, which resulted in the primary spatial patterns of the ancestral hall landscape, with Jinlan, Dongtou, Shanxia Pu in the south and Zumiao, Huangsan Pu in the centre;(3)since the Qing Dynasty, there has seen little change in the general spatial patterns of the ancestral hall landscape, though cracks from the inside of eight Tu aboriginal clans sped up the expansion of the ancestral hall landscape of the aboriginal clans in space;the phenomenon of the spatial complementation and alternation in the ancestral hall landscape of the aborigines and of the immigrants illustrates that with the entrance of a large number of immigrants, the traditional blood tie space was broken and geographical and business related factors were more emphasized, which just coped with the macro-tendency of urbanization in Foshan.