地理科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 124-128.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2010.01.124

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

137Cs示踪技术在黑土区农业非点源污染负荷研究中的应用

杨育红1,2, 阎百兴1, 沈波3, 曹会聪1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 吉林 长春 130012;
    2. 华北水利水电学院 河南, 郑州 450011;
    3. 水利部松辽水利委员会, 吉林 长春 130021
  • 收稿日期:2009-05-22 修回日期:2009-09-12 出版日期:2010-01-20 发布日期:2010-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 阎百兴(1965- ),男,博士,研究员,主要从事水污染及其控制、水土流失的环境效应研究。E-mai:lyanbx8@163.com E-mail:lyanbx8@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨育红(1971- ),女,河南焦作人,博士研究生,研究方向非点源污染与防治。E-mail:yangyuhong1971@163.com通讯作者:阎百兴(1965- ),男,博士,研究员,主要从事水污染及其控制、水土流失的环境效应研究。E-mail:yanbx8@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB407205)、中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-13)资助。

Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Loads Prediction Using Caesium-137 Tracing Technique in Black Soil Region, Northeast China

YANG Yu-hong1,2, YAN Bai-xing1, SHEN Bo3, CAO Hui-cong1   

  1. 1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130012;
    2. North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, Henan 450011;
    3. Songliao Water Resources Commission, Ministry of Water Resources, Changchun, Jilin 130021
  • Received:2009-05-22 Revised:2009-09-12 Online:2010-01-20 Published:2010-01-20

摘要: 利用137Cs核素示踪和定位监测相结合,研究松嫩平原黑土区3个旱作坡面土壤的流失厚度和流失速率,坡面土壤流失厚度1.20~5.25 mm/a,侵蚀强度1 355.0~7 558.2 t/(km2·a);近40 a来,松嫩平原黑土区年均入河(湖)农业非点源污染负荷分别为TN 1.43 t/(km2·a)、NH3-N 15.01 kg/(km2·a)、NO3-N 8.51 kg/(km2·a)TP 0.42 t/(km2·a)、PO43--P 1.85 kg/(km2·a);土壤流失氮以有机氮为主;水溶态无机氮占总氮的0.51%,水溶性磷酸盐磷占总磷的0.12%。黑土区农业非点源污染物的输出和水土流失密切相关,深入研究其输移机理及防治措施具有重要的环境意义。

Abstract: The Songnen Plain in Northeast China is an important base of cash grain and soybean in China. Nonpoint source nutrient loads (TN, TP, NH3-N, NO3--N, PO43--P) to the water bodies were estimated using 137Cs nuclear tracing technique and field monitoring method. The annual mean erosion thickness of black soil in the typical slops is within 0.120-0.525 cm, and the erosion intensity is 1355.0-7558.2 t/km2 in last 40 years. The annual mean values of pollution loads per square kilometer were TN 1.43 t, NH3-N 15.01 t, NO3--N 8.51 t, TP 0.42 t, PO43--P1.85 t, respectively. Water dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus accounted for 0.51% of total nitrogen, and 0.12% of total phosphorus. Caesium-137trating technique is an differentive to traditional methods.

中图分类号: 

  • S157.1