地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1328-1334.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.011.1328

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城市化中企事业单位空间格局演变及其员工人居生活质量研究

邬珊华1(), 杨忠振1(), 王璐2   

  1. 1.大连海事大学交通运输管理学院,辽宁 大连 116026
    2.中国民航科学技术研究院,北京 100028
  • 收稿日期:2012-01-09 修回日期:2012-04-13 出版日期:2012-11-20 发布日期:2012-11-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：邬珊华（1987-）,女,浙江舟山人,博士研究生,主要从事交通运输规划与管理研究。E-mail：zswsh@yahoo.com.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（51078049）、教育部人文社科基金项目（09YJA790021）资助

Spatial Distribution of the Enterprises and Living Quanlity of the Employees in the context of Urbanization

Shan-hua WU1(), Zhong-zhen YANG1(), Lu WANG2   

  1. 1. Transportation Management College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, China
    2. China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing 100028
  • Received:2012-01-09 Revised:2012-04-13 Online:2012-11-20 Published:2012-11-20

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被引次数

15

摘要：

以大连市为对象,研究城市化进程中企事业单位分布格局的变化和搬迁特征,分析搬迁单位到城市中心距离的变化与相互间离散程度的变化及搬迁单位运输成本以及员工通勤、业务出行成本的变化和搬迁强度。通过调查,明确员工的住宅选址意愿和通勤出行变化,计算员工可自由支配时间的减少程度,分析员工人居生活质量的下降状况。研究发现：① 搬迁前后单位的分布形态差异很大,搬迁后单位呈稀疏分散格局,搬迁单位的运输成本、员工通勤成本和业务出行成本大幅攀升;② 只有约4%的员工随单位迁至新址附近居住,大部分员工不愿搬家的主要原因是新址的交通不便和教育条件差;③ 单位搬迁前后,员工通勤可达性的变化明显,长距离通勤使得员工平均每天减少近2 h的自由可支配时间,员工的人居生活质量大幅度下降。

关键词: 城市化, 单位搬迁, 人居生活质量, 通勤出行, 自由支配时间

Abstract:

Taking the relocated enterprises in Dalian as the object, this article focuses on the spatial distribution of the enterprises and the living qualityof the employees in the context of urbanization. The changes of the spatial distribution of the enterprises before and after the relocation are analyzed firstly, including the distance from the city center and their mutual dispersion degree. Moreover, the relocation intensity and the cost changes of transportation, commuting as well as business trips are calculated based on the main relocation directions. Furthermore, through a questionnaire survey, the willingness of the residential relocation of the employees is analyzed, and the main factors influencing their determination of residential relocation are identified. Finally, the changes of the commuting trips, including the modal split, the expenses, the time, etc. are explored. And then, the reduced free time and the affected living quality of the employees are studied. Main conclusions are as follows. Firstly, the patterns of the spatial distribution are greatly different between the enterprises before and after the relocation. The enterprises are distributed in a sparsely scattered tendency after the relocation. Since the urban space is largely extended, there is a sharp surge in the various costs such as the transportation, the commuting and the business trips. Secondly, only about 4% of the employees move to their new residences near the new locations. The reason for the remaining 96% of the employees not willing to relocate lies in the poor accessibility and the education condition. If the conditions surrounding the new sites meet the requirements, these employees may move to the new sites. Thirdly, the home-work separation of the employees after the relocation deteriorates and the commuting accessibility changes significantly. Nearly two hours of the daily free time has been wasted for the long distance of commuting, and thus the living quality of the employees has been affected seriously.

Key words: urbanization, industrial relocation, living quality, commuting trip, free time

中图分类号: 

  • K902